Poslední úprava: MUDr. Vlastimil Kulda, Ph.D. (15.11.2017)
Metabolismus aminokyselin a nukleových kyselin. Molekulární choroby, DNA diagnostika, genetické inženýrství. Porfyriny, hemoglobin. Biochemie pojivových tkání, zejména kostí a
zubu. Biochemie a patobiochemie dutiny ústní. Xenobiochemie. Základy klinické biochemie, vyšetřování tělních tekutin.
Poslední úprava: MUDr. Vlastimil Kulda, Ph.D. (15.11.2017)
Metabolism of amino acids and a nucleic acids. Molecular diseases, DNA diagnostics, genetic engineering. Porphyrins, hemoglobin. Biochemistry of connective tissue, bones and teeth in particular. Xenobiochemistry. Fundamentals of clinical biochemistry, examination of body fluids.
Literatura
Poslední úprava: MUDr. Vlastimil Kulda, Ph.D. (16.11.2017)
Obligatory literature:
Kotyza J. et al.: Clinical Chemistry and Enzymology - Laboratory Manual. Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Plzen 1998.
Ferrier D.R. et al.: Lippincott Illustrated Reviews: Biochemistry (7th Edition). Wolters Kluwer, Philadelphia 2017.
Semester Credit Requirements: 1. Attendance at seminaries and full attendance at laboratories are required. The missing laboratories must be substituted. Lab coats at laboratories are obligatory. 2. The laboratory protocols should be approved by the teacher in charge. 3. The subject matter is controlled by two tests. Three attempts only are allowed.
Final exam: In order to register for the exam it is necessary to have obtained credits for both semesters and fulfill all the prerequisites. The requirements for the exam are given by the extent of lectures, seminars, and laboratories. Final exam consists of the written and oral parts. To pass the written test, 66 per cent of all questions should be correctly answered. Once a student passed the written test, he or she may advance to the oral exam. This consists of two parts. First is the exam from laboratory topics, where the student draws two topics (one from each semester). Then the student draws the main combination of three topics from curriculum presented in lectures. Student has the right for written preparation. In case a student fails at the oral exam, he or she should repeat both the written and oral part. During the exam period, three exam attempts only are allowed.
Sylabus -
Poslední úprava: MUDr. Vlastimil Kulda, Ph.D. (16.11.2017)
Vyšetřování krve (proteiny, lipidické látky, glukóza, nebíbílkovinné dusíkaté látky, žlučová barviva). Vnitřní prostředí a acidobazická rovnováha
Přednášky:
Přehled trávení bílkovin a degradace aminokyselin, detoxikace čpavku, biosyntéza močoviny.
Kyselina glutamová, asparagová, alanin, lysin, histidin. Aromatické aminokyseliny a jejich deriváty (katecholaminy, melanin, T4, T3). Tryptofan a jeho deriváty (serotonin, melatonin). Arginin a jeho biol. význam, NO.
Purinové nukleotidy: biosyntéza a degradace, kyselina močová a dna. Biosyntéza a degradace pyrimidinových bazí. Vznik deoxynukleotidů
Struktura DNA. Replikace DNA. Poškození a opravy DNA.
Transkripce DNA. Struktura RNA (rRNA, tRNA, mRNA). Maturační změny mRNA. Ribozymy.
Organizace DNA v chromatinu. Regulace genové exprese. Hormony a jiné regulační peptidy, signální dráhy. Programovaná buněčná smrt (apoptóza), kancerogeneze.
Diagnostické analýzy DNA a mRNA, sondy, PCR, restrikční enzymy. Rekombinační technologie. DNA a RNA virusy, retrovirusy, HBV, HIV.
Biosyntéza porfyrinů, hem a jeho degradace, hemoglobiny. Erytrocyty a kyslíkové radikály. Biochemie srážení krve a rozpouštění thrombu. Jaterní funkce. Xenobiochemie.
Biochemie pojivových tkání. Tvorba kolagenu a jeho poruchy. Adhezní proteiny. Metabolismus kosti a zubu. Úloha vápenatých iontů a fosfátů.
Biologie ústní dutiny. Patobiochemie zubního kazu, zubního kamene a paradentózy.
Poslední úprava: MUDr. Vlastimil Kulda, Ph.D. (16.11.2017)
Laboratories and Seminars:
Examination of blood (proteins, lipids, glucose, non-protein nitrogen compounds, bile pigments). Inner environment and acid-base balance.
Lectures:
Digestion of proteins, essential amino acids. Amino acid degradation, ammonia detoxification, the formation of urea. Metabolic reactions of aliphatic amino acids I. One-carbon units, the role of THFA.
Metabolic reactions of amino acids II. The formation of catecholamines and thyroid hormones. Arginine, NO.
Formation and degradation of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides. Uric acid and gout. Conversion to deoxynucleotides. DNA structure.
Replication and transcription of DNA. DNA repair. Structure of RNA (rRNA, tRNA).
Processing of mRNA, genetic code, proteosynthesis. Posttranslational modifications and sorting of proteins. Proteolytic systems.
DNA organization in chromatin, regulation of gene expression. Hormones and other regulatory molecules, signaling pathways. Programmed cell death (apoptosis).
Analysis of DNA and mRNA in diagnostics, PCR, restriction enzymes. Recombinant technologies.
DNA and RNA viruses. Retroviruses, HIV.
Porphyrin biosynthesis, heme and its degradation, hemoglobin. RBCs and oxygen radicals. Blood plasma proteins. Genesis of immunoglobulins. Biochemistry of blood clotting and clot dissolution.
Biochemistry of connective tissue, the formation of collagen, adhesive proteins. Metabolism of bone and tooth tissue.
Biology of the oral cavity, dental caries, calculus and paradentosis.
Biochemistry of nervous tissue. Biochemistry and energetics of the muscle activity. Liver functions. Nutrition, malnutrition, starvation.