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Předmět, akademický rok 2025/2026   
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Physiology - B83113 (Zubní lékařství AP)
Anglický název: Physiology
Zajišťuje: Fyziologický ústav 1. LF UK (11-00150)
Fakulta: 1. lékařská fakulta
Platnost: od 2023
Semestr: zimní
Body: 10
E-Kredity: 10
Způsob provedení zkoušky: zimní s.:
letní s.:
Rozsah, examinace: zimní s.:5/1, Z [HT]
letní s.:6/1, Z+Zk [HT]
Rozsah za akademický rok: 195 [hodiny]
Počet míst: neomezen
Minimální obsazenost: neomezen
4EU+: ne
Virtuální mobilita / počet míst pro virtuální mobilitu: ne
Stav předmětu: vyučován
Jazyk výuky: angličtina
Způsob výuky: prezenční
Vysvětlení: prof. MUDr. O. Kittnar, CSc. MBA
Další informace: http://fyziologie.lf1.cuni.cz/medici-a-zubni-lekarstvi
Poznámka: nutno dodat lékařské potvrzení
povolen pro zápis po webu
Garant: prof. MUDr. Otomar Kittnar, CSc., MBA
Atributy: Předmět pro elearning
Teoretický předmět
Zubní lékařství
Prerekvizity : {splněna jedna z anatomií}, B81129, B81133, B83031
Záměnnost : B81404
Je prerekvizitou pro: B81164, B81156, B81155, B81159, B83151, B81157, B83156, B83145, B83149, B83148, B83153, B83155
Ve slož. prerekvizitě: B80079
Anotace - angličtina
The Physiology subject is read in winter and summer semesters. There are 38 lectures in winter semester and 45 lectures in summer semester. The lectures in the winter semester include physiology of the cell, general neurophysiology including physiology of muscles, blood, circulatory, respiratory and digestive systems. In the summer semester, regulation in which kidneys, the endocrine system and central nervous system take part are dealt with. Practical labs is aimed at verification of theoretical knowledge and at training certain skills through investigation of some functions of the human organism and their regulatory mechanisms as well as through experiments on animals. Computer models and patient simulators complement the labs. There are 8 lab sessions in one semester, each one lasting 2 teaching hours (16 teaching hours in each semester). The conditions for gaining the credits in either semester include active work in particular practical and a successful outcome of the revision tests.
Poslední úprava: Kolářová Jana (16.09.2019)
Metody výuky

Physiology Labs Syllabus - Summer semestr 2025/2026 (B83113 - DENTISTRY)

Physiology labs are scheduled (every other week) for Thursday 14:15-15:45, Lecture Hall - Department of Physiology

WEEK

Program

Thursday date 

1

 Introduction to summer semester, vital systems revision, how to study Physiology, concept of physiological thinking

26.2.2026

3

Polyuria, Renal system, Water homeostasis

12.3.2026

5

Importance of glycaemia, oral glucose tolerance test, regulation of metabolism by endocrine system

26.3.2026

7

 Body fluids, blood, plasma, osmotic pressure

9.4.2026

9

Metabolism measurement, basal vs. maximal metabolic turnover, relationship between breathing, cardiovascular system and metabolic turnover

23.4.2026

11

Physiology of Exercise

7.5.2026

13

 Reflex evaluation, consciousness, behavior valuation and testing, classification of behavior in physiology

21.5.2026

15

Revision test, Revision discussion, consultations and credit

4.6.2026

To obtain the credit the active participation in seminaries is compulsory plus test on the end of the semester has to be passed successfully.

Any hesitations please consult with Vladimír Riljak (via email or via MS Teams chat).

Labs are taking place in lecture hall - please use the entrance from behind of the building (street Studničkova)

Poslední úprava: Riljak Vladimír, doc. MUDr., Ph.D. (17.02.2026)
Požadavky ke zkoušce

The physiology exam is oral and consists of three questions which students randomly draw as a triplet. Each student will be allowed adequate time to prepare their answer, summarizing their thoughts and knowledge, which they will then present to the examiner in a discussion. 

Examination Requirements:

  1. Valid SIS Registration: Ensure that you have registered for the exam via the Student Information System (SIS) for the applicable term. Detailed dates for examination periods in the summer semester will be announced on both the SIS and our official webpage.

  2. Physiology Credits: You must have your physiology credits signed for both the winter and summer semesters.

  3. Identification: Bring your Student ID card or another valid identification document to the examination.


 

Excuse from the Exam:

Students are required to submit their exam excuses prior to the designated exam term. Failure to do so will result in the loss of that exam term. If an excuse is submitted after the respective exam term, it must include valid and documented justification to avoid losing the term.

 

Exam questions for Dentists:


The cell and cell membrane 
Transport across cell membranes 
Membrane potentials 
Body fluids
Blood cells 
Hemostasis 
Blood groups 
Mechanisms of immunity 
Blood circulation
Electrical activity of the heart 
ECG
Cardiac cycle 
Cardiac output and its regulation 
Blood pressure in the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins 
Starling forces
Regional blood flow (kidney, brain, heart, GIT)
Circulation of the lungs 
Respiratory System
Ventilation 
Diffusion and transport of respiratory gases 
Control of respiration 
Motility of the gastrointestinal system 
Chewing and swallowing 
Secretion in the gastrointestinal system 
Digestion and Absorption in the gastrointestinal system 
Functions of the liver 
Temperature regulation and physiology of the skin 
Glomerular filtration and ts regulation 
Parts of the nephron and its function
Control of extracellular fluid osmolality 
Sodium and potassium balance 
Mechanisms of cell signaling 
Adrenocortical hormones 
Pancreatic hormones
Hypothalamo-hypophyseal axis
The thyroid hormones 
Stress and emergency reaction 
Control of the calcium and phosphate balance 
Hormones of the anterior pituitary 
Neurohypophyseal hormones

Reproduction
Structure and function of nerve cell
Synaptic transmission 
Integration activity of neurons 
Reflex arc, classification of reflexes 
Motor system
Neural control of movements 
Autonomic nervous system
Somatic sensations 
Perception of pain 
Physiology of senses
Function of the spinal cord 
Function of the limbic system 
Function of the cerebral cortex 
Intellectual functions of the brain, language 
Mechanism of learning and memory

Poslední úprava: Riljak Vladimír, doc. MUDr., Ph.D. (17.02.2026)
Sylabus - angličtina
Lectures in Physiology - Winter semestr (DENTISTRY)

Medical Physiology, History of the Subject

Cellular Physiology, Cell Organelles

Cell Membranes

Membrane Transport

Ion Channels, Membrane Potentials and their Propagation

Signal Transduction

Receptors and Information Molecules

Cytoskeleton, Cell Junctions, Extracellular Matrix

Cell Cycle, Tussie Maintenance

Principles of Homeostasis, Blood, Plasma

Blood Cells, Hemopoiesis

Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation

Body Defence System

Respiration. Pulmonary Ventilation

Diffusion, Perfusion, Pulmonary Circulation

Gas Transport and Exchange

Regulation of Respiration, Respiration in Hypobaric and Hyperbaric Conditions

Circulation, Heart, Electrical Activity in the Heart

Cardiac Mechanics

Electrocardiogram

Events of the Cardiac Cycle

Arterial System

Microcirculation and Exchange, Veins and Venous Return

Cardiovascular Control

Special Circulations

Principles of Biological Regulation

Physiology of the Digestive System, Motility

Secretory Functions

Digestion, Absorption

Metabolism, Minerals and Vitamins

Splanchnic Circulation, Functions of the Liver

Regulation of Food Intake

Function of the Skin

Temperature Regulation

Summer semestr

Kidney and Body Fluids, Fundamentals of Renal Physiology, Glomerular Filtration

Epithelial Transport, Filtrate Processing in the Tubules, Clearance

Mechanisms for Controlling Extracellular Fluid Osmolality

Excretion and Regulation of the Sodium, Potassium, and Urea, Micturition

Body Acid-Base State and Its Regulation

Endocrinology, The Cellular Biology of Endocrine System

Neurohypophyseal Hormones, Neuropeptides, Growth Factors

Control of the Calcium and Phosphate Balance

Adrenocortical and Thyroideal Hormones

Adrenal Medulla, Endocrine Rhythms

Pancreas and Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism, Adipocytal hormones

Reproductive and Hormonal Functions of the Male, Sexual Differentiation

Reproductive and Hormonal Functions of the Female

Anterior Pituitary

Pregnancy and Lactation

Fetal and Neonatal Physiology

General Prionciples of Neuronal Functions

Synaptic Transmission, Neurotransmitters

Membrane Potentials, Role of Dendrites, Integrative Function of Neuronal Circuits

Sensory Processes

Somatic Sensations, Pain

Auditory System

Gustation and Olfaction

Visual System

Sensory Processing

Control of Movements, The Spinal Motor Control, Reflex Arc

Striated muscle

Control of the Posture, Eye Position, Locomotion, Chewing

Voluntary Movements, Motor Functions of Cerebral Cortex

Motor Functions of Cerebellum and Basal Ganglia

Autonomic Nervous System

Hypothalamus, Smooth muscle

Limbic system, Reward system

Integrative Functions of the Central Nervous System

Integrative Functions of Cerebral Cortex in Humans

Learning and Memory

Association Functions of the Cerebral Cortex

Development of neuronal circuits, Neuroplasticity

Milleu of the CNS, Blood Brain Barrier

Body Rhythms

Waking and Sleeping

Optimality in Physiological Mechanisms

Poslední úprava: Kolářová Jana (19.09.2019)
Rozpis výuky -
Rozpis semestrální
Výukový týden Datum Od - Do Typ výuky Téma Učitel Soubory Poznámka Hodnocení
129.09.202510:45 - 12:15přednáškaMedical Physiology, History of the Subject 
30.09.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaIntroduction to Cardiopulmonary Physiology  
03.10.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaCellular Physiology, Cell Organelles  
207.10.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaBlood Plasma. Hemosasis. 
10.10.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaBlood Physiology. Erythrocytes, Hemoglobin. Erythropoesis. Blood groups.  
313.10.202510:45 - 12:15přednáškaCellular membranes, transporting mechanisms, permeability, ICF  
14.10.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaIonic channels. Equilibrium potential, resting membrane potential.  
17.10.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaMembrane potentials - principles, propagation, purposses. (RP, AP, PSP)  
421.10.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaPrinciples of Biological Regulation 
24.10.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaCirculation. Principles of electrical and mechanical functions of the heart.  
527.10.202510:45 - 12:15přednáškaCardiac membrane potentials. ECG.  
28.10.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaState Holiday - Independent Day 
31.10.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaCardiac cycle. Cardiac pump function.  
604.11.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaBlood vessels physiology: Arterial tonus, Mikrocirkulatioin. Venous return. Blood pressure  
07.11.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaRegulation of cardiovascular system 
710.11.202510:45 - 12:15přednáškaSpecific vascular beds. Lymphatic system. Spleen.  
11.11.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaPBL Circulation - Integration and application of knowledge, clinical cases, Final Exam QnA.  
14.11.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaRespiratory Physiology. Ventilation mechanics, distribution. 
818.11.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaRespiratory gasses: gas exchange and transport. ABB. 
21.11.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaPulmonary circulation. Ventilation - perfusion ratio. 
924.11.202510:45 - 12:15přednáškaRegulation of Respiration. Respiration in specific conditions. 
25.11.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaPBL Respiration - Integration and application of knowledge, clinical cases, Final Exam QnA.  
28.11.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaMetabolism, Nutrition  
1002.12.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaMuscles. Muscle contraction, excitation-contraction coupling. 
05.12.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaMuscle types. Physiology of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle.  
1108.12.202510:45 - 12:15přednáškaGIT - Physiology overview. GIT Motility and its control.  
09.12.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaUpper GIT Physiology. Secretion and motility regulation.  
12.12.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaLiver, Bile, Pancreas. 
1216.12.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaLower GIT Physilogy, secretion and motility regulation. Digestion and absorption of chief nutrients. 
19.12.202512:30 - 14:00přednáškaRegulation of Food Intake. GIT hormones. 
1305.01.202610:45 - 12:15přednáškaPBL GIT - Integration and application of knowledge, clinical cases, Final Exam QnA. 
06.01.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaBody fluids Physiology - composition, osmolarita and their changes. 
09.01.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaBody Defense System. 
1413.01.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaSkin Physiology. 
16.01.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaThermoregulation. 
1519.01.202610:45 - 12:15přednáškaPrinciples of homeostasis. Biological Regulations. 
23.01.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaConsultations 
Rozpis semestrální
Výukový týden Datum Od - Do Typ výuky Téma Učitel Soubory Poznámka Hodnocení
124.02.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaAutonomic nervous systemdoc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
25.02.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaPhysiology of Exercise doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
26.02.202610:30 - 12:00přednáškaRenal System overview, regulation of glomerular filtration, tubuloglomerular feedback, Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosteron system, role of kidney in regulation of the blood pressure doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
203.03.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaGeneral principles of Humoral regulation doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
04.03.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaAdrenal Medulla, Stress prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
05.03.202610:30 - 12:00přednáškaUnderstanding Humoral Signaling: Comparing Neuronal and Endocrine Systems with Examples from the Adrenal and Thyroid Glands doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
310.03.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaBone metabolism, complex role of Calcium in Physiologydoc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
11.03.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaGrowth, GH, T-hormones. Anabolism, catabolism. prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
12.03.202610:30 - 12:00přednáškaThe Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System: A Dynamic Interface of Neuronal, Endocrine, and Immune Communication doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
417.03.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaGlomerular filtration doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
18.03.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaTubular proceses prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
19.03.202610:30 - 12:00přednáškaVital functions in numbers and graphs doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
524.03.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaIntegrative regulation of osmolality and volume by kidney, urine composition doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
25.03.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaFemale reproductive system, Male reproductive system prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
26.03.202610:30 - 12:00přednáškaFundamental Principles of Neuronal Function: from structure to functiondoc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
631.03.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaSensory Physiology - Vision doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
01.04.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaGeneral Principles of Neuronal Functions doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
02.04.202610:30 - 12:00nicNo lecture 
707.04.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaMembrane Potentials, Integrative Function of Neuronal Circuits doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
08.04.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaSynaptic Transmission, Neuromediators doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
09.04.202610:30 - 12:00přednáškaFundamental Principles of Neuronal Function: Mechanisms, Communication, and Integration in the Nervous System doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
814.04.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaPain doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
15.04.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaAuditory system, Vestibular System prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
16.04.202610:30 - 12:00přednáškaSensory Pathways in the Central Nervous System: Exploring the Lemniscal and Anterolateral Systems in Proprioception and Nociception, the Thalamus's Role in Sensory Perception, and the Functions of the Reticular Formationdoc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
921.04.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaReflex Arc, Spinal cord Reflexes doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
22.04.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaCerebral Cortex - Motor Aspects prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
23.04.202610:30 - 12:00přednáškaThe Spinal Cord: Its Role in Motor Systems, Reflex Mechanisms, and Neural Pathways - An Overview of Ascending and Descending Tracts, Neuronal Populations, and Spinal Shock doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
1028.04.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaCerebellum and its integrative Funtions doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
29.04.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaSensitive and Motor Systems review doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
30.04.202610:30 - 12:00přednáškaThe Physiology of Behavior: Exploring Motivation, Emotion, Instincts, and the Role of Reflexes as Fundamental Units of the Central Nervous Systemdoc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
1105.05.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaAutonomic System review doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
06.05.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaLimbic system Physiology prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
07.05.202610:30 - 12:00přednáškaThe Mechanisms of Learning and Memory: Exploring the Theories of Pavlov, Skinner, and Banduradoc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
1212.05.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaPhysiology of Behavior doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
13.05.202612:30 - 14:00nicNo Lecture  
14.05.202610:30 - 12:00přednáškaCardiovascular system: from membrane potential to measurement of basic clinical parameters doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
1319.05.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaHighest function of the CNS, language doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
20.05.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaEEG, waking and sleeping, consciousness prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
21.05.202610:30 - 12:00přednáškaComprehensive Review of Central Nervous System: Insights and Consultations doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
1426.05.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaNew and Review: Physiology of Aging doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
27.05.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaNew and Review: Pediatric Physiology prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
28.05.202610:30 - 12:00přednáškaGet Ready for Final: Metabolism (Liver, Thyroid gland, adipose tissue) doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
1502.06.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaGet Ready for Final: Comparison of membrane potentials of various types doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
03.06.202612:30 - 14:00přednáškaGet Ready for Final: Physiological Regulations of oxygen delivery doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
04.06.202610:30 - 12:00přednáškaComprehensive Review of Major Physiological Systems: Insights and Consultations doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
 
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