PředmětyPředměty(verze: 983)
Předmět, akademický rok 2025/2026
   
Balkan Nationalism and Ethnic Conflicts - JTM339
Anglický název: Balkan Nationalism and Ethnic Conflicts
Český název: Nacionalismus a etnický konflikt na Balkáně
Zajišťuje: Katedra ruských a východoevropských studií (23-KRVS)
Fakulta: Fakulta sociálních věd
Platnost: od 2023 do 2025
Semestr: zimní
E-Kredity: 6
Způsob provedení zkoušky: zimní s.:
Rozsah, examinace: zimní s.:1/1, Zk [HT]
Počet míst: 20 / neurčen (20)
Minimální obsazenost: neomezen
4EU+: ne
Virtuální mobilita / počet míst pro virtuální mobilitu: ne
Stav předmětu: vyučován
Jazyk výuky: angličtina
Způsob výuky: prezenční
Poznámka: předmět je možno zapsat mimo plán
povolen pro zápis po webu
při zápisu přednost, je-li ve stud. plánu
Garant: doc. PhDr. Ondřej Žíla, Ph.D.
Vyučující: doc. PhDr. Ondřej Žíla, Ph.D.
Třída: Courses for incoming students
Anotace - angličtina
The course focuses on Balkan nationalism and selected aspects of conflict society in the Western Balkans after the break-up of the Eastern Bloc. Because of the break-up of Socialist Yugoslavia in 1991, tensions and collective violence escalated in the Western Balkans (initially in Slovenia, Croatia, and Bosnia-Herzegovina, later also in Kosovo). The course examines both political and socio-economic causes of why the tensions escalated to such an extent in the former Yugoslav republics. It likewise puts emphasis on the typology of conflicts, chosen phenomena that influenced ex-Yugoslav communities in the course of the war and the formation of a new war identity. Attention is also devoted to paramilitary groups and to the impacts of the war under scrutiny on the behaviour of societies as well as of individuals. The principal aim of the course is to provide students with an overview of the main aspects of war anthropology and their influence on communities dramatically changed by war.

The course is open only for students of master's degree programmes.

Kurz se zaměřuje na balkánský nacionalismus a vybrané aspekty konfliktní společnosti v západním Balkánu po rozpadu Východního bloku. V důsledku rozpadu Socialistické Jugoslávie v roce 1991 eskalovala napětí a kolektivní násilí v západním Balkánu (nejprve ve Slovinsku, Chorvatsku a Bosně a Hercegovině, později také v Kosovu). Kurz zkoumá politické i socioekonomické příčiny, proč napětí v bývalých jugoslávských republikách eskalovalo do takové míry. Dále klade důraz na typologii konfliktů, vybrané jevy, které ovlivnily komunity bývalé Jugoslávie v průběhu války, a vznik nové válečné identity. Pozornost je rovněž věnována paramilitárním skupinám a dopadům války na chování společností i jednotlivců. Hlavním cílem kurzu je poskytnout studentům přehled hlavních aspektů válečné antropologie a jejich vlivu na komunity dramaticky změněné válkou.

Kurz je určen pouze pro studenty magisterských programů.
Poslední úprava: Hrubá Kateřina, Mgr. (28.01.2026)
Cíl předmětu - angličtina

The course aims to provide students with an overview of the main aspects of the break-up of Yugoslavia and the next development in the Western Balkans. The introductory lectures focus on the national politics of Tito’s Yugoslavia), the examples of nationalist propaganda in practice (i.e. the recounting of the number of dead of World War II in the 1980s), and the characteristics of the Yugoslav constitutional order. Then the focus is placed on analysing the typology of the most important conflicts in Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina. We observe and analyse different interpretations of these wars and examine to what extent these conflicts were civil wars or acts of aggression on the part of the neighbouring countries (the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and Croatia). Attention is also paid to the assessment of the accompanying phenomena of the wars under scrutiny: ethnic cleansing and forced migration. The following lectures are devoted to violence, which was brought into ex-Yugoslav communities from the outside – by paramilitary units and foreign combatants who fought in the area in huge numbers, especially in the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina. The last bloc of the course analyses the development in the FRY area, the Kosovo war and its aftermath.   

Poslední úprava: ZILA1 (31.08.2025)
Podmínky zakončení předmětu - angličtina

Criteria for Writing a Seminar Thesis

When preparing your seminar thesis, please follow these basic requirements. They ensure clarity, academic rigor, and consistency across all submitted papers.

 

Length Requirements

Your seminar thesis must be:

  • Minimum: 5,000 words
  • Maximum: 6,000 words
  • The word count does not include the bibliography.

This length allows you to develop a clear argument, present evidence, and engage with academic literature in a focused way.

 

Bibliography (Minimum 10 References)

You must include a final bibliography with at least 10 academic sources.

These can include:

  • Academic books
  • Peer-reviewed journal articles
  • Chapters in edited volumes
  • Documents from reputable research institutes or international organizations

Wikipedia, random websites, and non-academic blogs do not count as valid references (!).

 

Your bibliography should be formatted consistently (e.g., Chicago, APA, MLA, etc.—choose one and adhere to it).

 

Formatting

There are no strict requirements for:

  • Margins
  • Font type
  • Font size
  • Line spacing

However, your paper should remain readable and professionally formatted.
Typical choices (not required, but recommended):

  • 12 pt Times New Roman or similar
  • 1.5 line spacing
  • Standard margins

 

File Submission

  • Submit the final paper in electronic format (PDF or Word document).
  • Make sure the file name clearly includes your name and paper title.

 

Structure of the Seminar Thesis

While not explicitly required, a good academic paper typically includes the following:

  1. Title Page (title, name, course, date)
  2. Introduction
  • Research question
  • Aim of the paper
  • Brief outline of structure
  • Theoretical and/or historical background
  • Analysis (case study, argumentation, empirical section)
  • Conclusion
  • Main findings
  • Contribution or relevance
  • Bibliography (minimum 10 items)

 

Academic Integrity

All sources must be properly cited, using a consistent citation style.
Plagiarism—copying text without acknowledgment—is strictly prohibited and will result in failure of the seminar.

 

 

 

 

Use of generative AI tools:

The use and citation of generative AI tools (such as ChatGPT or MS Copilot) in seminar papers and other coursework must comply with the decrees of the IMS Director No. 7/2023 and 9/2023.

Generative AI tools may be used unless explicitly prohibited by the instructor. However, they may not be used to generate substantial sections of the text or replace the student’s own intellectual contribution. The student remains fully responsible for any content generated with assistance of AI tools. Presenting AI-generated content, whether verbatim, rephrased, or only slightly modified, as one's own work constitutes plagiarism.

Every submitted paper must include a transparent statement specifying which generative AI tools were used, in which stage of the work they were employed, and how they were used, or confirming that no generative AI tools were used. If this statement is missing or incomplete, the instructor is not permitted to accept the paper for evaluation.

Unless the instructor explicitly prohibits the use of generative AI tools, the decision to use or not to use them rests fully with the student. The student has the right to request that the instructor does not use AI assistance for evaluating their work.

 

The final paper has to be submitted to my e-mail address ondrej.zila@fsv.cuni.cz and uploaded to Moodle (https://dl2.cuni.cz/course/view.php?id=3554) no later than 5 January 2026. 

 

Assessment Criteria – Final Essay (Total: 70 points)

Your final essay will be evaluated according to the following criteria. Please read them carefully to understand what is expected and how points are awarded.

 

Analysis – 20 points

This is the core of your evaluation. We assess:

·         the quality and depth of your argument,

·         whether your reasoning is coherent,

·         whether your claims are plausible and logically developed,

·         your ability to engage critically with the topic.

A strong essay presents clear arguments, anticipates counterarguments, and demonstrates original analytical insight.

 

Evidence – 20 points

This category evaluates how effectively you support your arguments. You should:

·         use appropriate, relevant, and sufficient evidence,

·         reference academic literature,

·         show that you understand and can apply the sources,

·         integrate evidence logically rather than merely describing it.

High-scoring essays demonstrate excellent command of the scholarly material and use it to strengthen the argument.

 

Research – 15 points

We reward:

·         creativity,

·         original insights,

·         independent thinking,

·         the ability to go beyond the basic readings and to incorporate additional relevant literature.

A strong essay shows that you conducted meaningful research and developed your own argument rather than repeating existing scholarship.

 

Organisation – 5 points

Your essay must be clearly structured and easy to follow. It should include:

·         an Introduction: briefly outlines the purpose, argument, and structure of the essay;

·         a logical sequence of paragraphs with clear transitions;

·         a Conclusion: summarizes the central findings without introducing new information.

Essays with unclear structure, unconnected paragraphs, or missing sections will lose points.

 

Style – 5 points

This criterion concerns the quality of writing:

·         grammar and spelling,

·         clarity and conciseness,

·         appropriate academic tone,

·         effective sentence and paragraph structure.

Well-written essays communicate ideas clearly and avoid colloquial language or unclear phrasing.

Referencing and Bibliography – 5 points

All essays must use Chicago Manual of Style consistently for:

·         in-text citations or footnotes,

·         bibliographic entries,

·         formatting of books, articles, chapters, and online sources.

Incorrect or inconsistent citation style will reduce your score. Missing references or inadequate citation counts as poor academic practice.

 

Total: 70 points

 

Assessment Criteria – Final Essay

Possible Points

ANALYSIS (quality of argument, coherence, plausibility, etc.)

20

EVIDENCE (how handled, adequacy, relevance, use of literature, etc.)

20

RESEARCH (how creative is the insight and originality of the argument)

15

ORGANISATION (how well structured, ordered, use of paragraphs, etc.)

Every paper must include an introduction (which shortly presents the structure of the paper) and a conclusion (which summarizes the main findings. Do not include new information/topic to the conclusion) 

5

STYLE (grammar, clarity of writing style, word choice, sentence structure, etc.)

5

Referencing and bibliography (Use Chicago Manual Style)

5

Total

70

You may choose one of the topics listed below or propose your own. In either case, please inform me by email.

 

Seminar Thesis Topics Based on the Case Studies

 

1) Reconsidering National Identification: National Politics of Tito’s Yugoslavia

  • From “Brotherhood and Unity” to Silent Nationalisms: How effective was Tito’s nationalities policy in suppressing, managing, or reshaping national identities?
  • The Creation of a Yugoslav Identity: Did the concept of “Yugoslavism” succeed as a supranational identity project?
  • Federalism and National Autonomy: How did constitutional structures shape (or fail to shape) national identification in the SFRY?

 

2) “Recounting the Dead”: Nationalist Propaganda in the 1980s

  • The Politics of Victimhood: How did rival ethno-national elites use casualty narratives to mobilize public opinion?
  • Memory Wars Before the War: Competing historical narratives in Serbia, Croatia, and Bosnia during the 1980s.
  • Media as a Battlefield: The role of print and television propaganda in escalating inter-republic tensions.

 

3) Nationalism and Political Conflict in Yugoslavia’s Dissolution

  • Elite Competition vs. Ancient Hatreds: What was the primary driver of Yugoslavia’s disintegration?
  • Economic Crisis and Nationalism: How did the 1980s economic collapse intensify political conflict along national lines?
  • The Rise of Ethno-Political Entrepreneurs: Case study of Milošević, Tuđman, or Izetbegović.

 

4) The Dissolution of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1990–1992)

  • Competing Sovereignties: Why did Bosnia fail to reach a constitutional compromise in 1991–1992?
  • The Role of International Recognition: Did Western diplomacy accelerate the Bosnian conflict?
  • Serb and Croat National Projects in Bosnia: Territorial aspirations and political strategies before the outbreak of war.

 

5) Ethnic Conflicts or Myths of Ethnic Wars? Civil Wars or Aggression?

  • Interpreting the Yugoslav Wars: A comparative analysis of academic, political, and legal classifications.
  • Was Bosnia a Civil War or International Aggression?
  • The Myth of “Centuries-Old Hatreds”: How narratives shaped international responses to the conflict.

 

6) Ethnic Cleansing or Genocide? Understanding the Wars in Former Yugoslavia II

  • Ethnic Cleansing as Strategy: How it functioned as a tool of state- and nation-building in Bosnia or Croatia.
  • The Srebrenica Genocide: Legal, political, and historical debates.
  • Genocide vs. Ethnic Cleansing: Why the terminology matters for justice, memory, and reconciliation.

 

7) Paramilitary Units: Violence Brought from Outside I

  • The Emergence of Paramilitaries: Why did paramilitary forces flourish in Serbia, Croatia, and Bosnia?
  • The “Tigers,” “White Eagles,” or any other paramilitary group: Case study of one paramilitary group’s organization, ideology, and violence.
  • Paramilitaries and Local Communities: How external fighters reshaped local power dynamics and patterns of violence.

 

8) Safe Areas: Violence Brought from Outside II

  • UN “Safe Areas” in Bosnia: Why did the concept fail?
  • Srebrenica, Goražde, or Bihać: Case study of a UN Safe Area under siege.
  • Protection or Illusion? Assessing the international community’s role in securing—or failing to secure—civilians.

 

9) Foreign Fighters: Violence Brought from Outside III

  • Mujahedeen in Bosnia: Motivations, networks, and impact on the conflict.
  • Serbian, Croatian, or Russian Volunteers: How foreign fighters contributed to the militarization of local conflicts.
  • Foreign Fighters and Postwar Narratives: How their presence shaped memory, propaganda, and transitional justice.

 

10) The War in Croatia and Its Interpretation

  • The War for Independence or Civil War? Competing interpretations of the 1991–1995 conflict.
  • Operation Storm (Oluja): Military success, humanitarian consequences, and ongoing political debates.
  • The Krajina Region: State-building, displacement, and postwar return.

 

11) Kosovo under Milošević and the Kosovo War

  • Repression and Resistance: The parallel structures of the 1990s Kosovo Albanian political movement.
  • The KLA and the Militarization of Kosovo: Internal divisions and international perceptions.
  • Humanitarian Intervention or Geopolitical Strategy? Interpreting NATO’s 1999 intervention.

 

12) Sarajevo Under Siege and Its Reintegration

  • Sarajevo’s Siege as Urban Warfare: How the city functioned under extreme conditions.
  • Multiculturalism Under Fire: Did Sarajevo maintain its civic identity during the siege?
  • Postwar Reintegration: Demographic changes, return policies, and the transformation of Sarajevo’s urban and social landscape.

 

Poslední úprava: Žíla Ondřej, doc. PhDr., Ph.D. (08.12.2025)
Literatura

Balkan Nationalism and Ethnic Conflicts

  

All reading is accessible for students at https://dl2.cuni.cz/course/view.php?id=3554

Syllabus:

 

1)     Reconsidering national identification: National Politics of Tito’s Yugoslavia

 

Required Reading

·       BRINGA, T.: Nationality Categories, National Identification and Identity Formation in „Multinational“ Bosnia. In: Anthropology of East Europe Review, 11, 1-2, str. 80-88.

 

Recommended Reading

·       ALLCOCK, J.: The Forging of National Identity. In: ALLCOCK, J.: Explaining Yugoslavia. New York: Columbia University Press, 2000.

·       BURG, S. L., BERBAUM, M. L.: Community, Integration, and Stability in Multinational Yugoslavia. In: The American Political Science Review, Vol. 83, No. 2, 1989.

·       HODSON, R., SEKULIĆ, D., MASSEY, G.: National tolerance in the former Yugoslavia, In: American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 99, No. 6, 1994.

·       PEARSON, S.: The “national key” in Bosnia and Herzegovina: a historical perspective. In: Nationalities Papers: The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity, 43:2, 2015: 213-232.

·       RUSINOW, D.: The Yugoslav Peoples. In: SUGAR,P. F. (ed.): Eastern European nationalism in the twentieth century. Washington: The American University Press, 1995. 305–411 s.

·       SEKULIĆ, D., MASSEY, G., HODSON, R.: Who were the Yugoslavs? Failed Sources of a Common Identity in the Former Yugoslavia, In: American Sociological Review, Vol. 59, 1994.

 

2)     “Recounting the Dead” – Nationalist Propaganda in the 1980s in Socialist Yugoslavia

 

Required Reading

HAYDEN, R.: Recounting the Dead: The Rediscovery and Redefinition of Wartime Massacres in Late- and Post-Communist Yugoslavia. In: HAYDEN, R. (ed.): From Yugoslavia to the Western Balkans. Studies of a European Disunion, 1991–2011, Boston 2013, pp.

 

Recommended Reading

DENICH, B.: Dismembering Yugoslavia: The Nationalist Ideologies and the Symbolic Revival of Genocide. In: American Ethnologist, Vol. 21, p. 367–390.

 

DENICH, B.: Unmaking Multi-Ethnicity in Yugoslavia: Metamorphosis Observed. In: Anthropology of East Europe Review, Vol. 11, No. 1−2.

 

SEKULIC, D., G. MASSEY and R. HODSON (2006) ‘Ethnic Intolerance and Ethnic Conflict in the Dissolution of Yugoslavia’, Ethnic and Racial Studies 29(5): 797–827.

 

HAMMEL, E.: The Yugoslav Labyrinth. In: Anthropology of East Europe Review, Vol. 11, No. 1−2.

 

FLERE, S.: Explaining Ethnic Antagonism in Yugoslavia. In: European Sociological Review, Vol. 7., No. 3, p. 183−193.

 

GAGNON, V. P.: Ethnic Nationalism and International Conflict. The Case of Serbia. In: International Security, Vol. 19, No. 3, 1994–1995, 130–166

 

BURG, S.: Elite Conflict in Post-Tito Yugoslavia. In: Soviet Studies, vol. 38, no. 32, 1986: 170–193.

 

3)     “On the Edge of Abyss” – Constitutional Disintegration of Federal Yugoslavia

 

Required Reading

 

GAGNON, V. P.: Yugoslavia in 1989 and after. In: Nationalities Papers, Vol. 38, No. 1, 2010, 23–39. (pdf)

 

Recommended Reading

 

HAYDEN, R.: The Confederalization of the Federation. Chapter 2. In: HAYDEN, R.: Blueprints for a House Divided: the Constitutional Logic of the Yugoslav Conflicts, Ann Arbor 1999. (pdf)

 

HAYDEN, R.: A Confederal Model for Yugoslavia. Chapter 3. In: HAYDEN, R.: Blueprints for a House Divided: the Constitutional Logic of the Yugoslav Conflicts, Ann Arbor 1999. (pdf)

 

HAYDEN, R.: Constitutional Nationalism. Chapter 4. In: HAYDEN, R.: Blueprints for a House Divided: the Constitutional Logic of the Yugoslav Conflicts, Ann Arbor 1999. (pdf)

 

HAYDEN, R.:Wishful Legality_The Badinter Committee and the Dissolution of the Bosnian State. Chapter 5 In: HAYDEN, R.: Blueprints for a House Divided: the Constitutional Logic of the Yugoslav Conflicts, Ann Arbor 1999. (pdf)

 

HAYDEN, R.: Constitutional Nationalism in the Formerly Yugoslav Republics. The National Council for Soviet and East European Research. Washington 1993. (pdf)

 

HUDSON, K.: Crisis response. In:  HUDSON, K.: Breaking the South Slav dream: the rise and fall of Yugoslavia. London: Pluto Press, 2003 (pdf)

 

GAGNON, V. P.: The myth of ethnic war: Serbia and Croatia in the 1990s. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2006. (pdf)

 

ŽAGAR, M.: Yugoslavia, What Went Wrong? Constitutional Development and Collapse of a Multiethnic State. In: BYRNE, S, IRVIN, CL. (eds.): Reconcilable differences: turning points in ethnopolitical conflict. West Hartford: Kumarian Press, 2000, pp. 127–153. (pdf)

 

4)     The Break-Up of the Yugoslav Federation – The Dissolution of the SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1990 – 1992

 

Required Reading

BENNETT, Christopher. Bosnia's paralysed peace. First published. London: Hurst & Company, 2016 (Chapter Disintegration)

 

Recommended Reading

 

BAKER, C.: The Break-Up of the Yugoslav Federation. In: BAKER, C.: The Yugoslav Wars of the 1990s. New York: Palgrave 2015.

 

WACHTEL, A, BENNETT, C.: The Dissolution of Yugoslavia. In: INGRAO, C., EMMERT, T. A.: Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies. A Scholars’ Initiative. West Lafayette, Indiana 2009. (pdf)

 

JOVIĆ, D. The Disintegration of Yugoslavia: a Critical Review of Explanatory Approaches. European Journal of Social Theory 4 (2001):101-120. (pdf)

 

 

ZIMMERMANN, W.: The Last Ambassador. A Memoir of the Collapse of Yugoslavia. In: Foreign Affaires, Vol. 74. No. 2. 1995. (pdf)

 

 

5)     Ethnic conflicts or myths of ethnic wars? Civil Wars or Aggression? The understanding of the wars in the former Yugoslavia I.

 

Required Reading

 

MUELLER, J.: The Banality of ‘Ethnic War‘: Yugoslavia and Rwanda, Ohio 2000. (pdf)

 

 

BANAC, I.: What Happened in the Balkans (or Rather ex-Yugoslavia?). In: East European Politics and Societies, Vol. 23, 2009, pp. 461–478. (pdf)

 

Recommended Reading

 

STOKES, G., LAMPE, J., RUSINOW, D., MOSTOV, J.: Instant History: Understanding the Wars of Yugoslav Succession. In: Slavic Review, Vol. 55, No. 1, 1996. (pdf)

 

BAKIĆ-HAYDEN, M., HAYDEN, R. (1992) ‘Orientalist Variations on the Theme “Balkans”: Symbolic Geography in Recent Yugoslav Politics’, Slavic Review 51(1): 1–15. (pdf)

 

STOKES, G.: Solving the Wars of Yugoslav Succession. In: NAIMARK, Norman M., ed. a CASE, Holly, ed. Yugoslavia and its Historians: Understanding the Balkan Wars of the 1990S. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2003. (pdf)

 

RAMET, S. P.: IV. kapitola. In: RAMET, S. P.: Thinking about Yugoslavia. Scholarly Debates about Yugoslav Breakup and the Wars in Bosnia and Kosovo, New York 2005, pp. 76–107. (pdf)

 

BAKIĆ-HAYDEN, M.: What’s So Byzantine About the Balkans? In: BJELIĆ, D., SAVIĆ, O. (ed.): Balkan as metaphor: between globalization and fragmentation. Cambridge: The MIT Press, 2002. (pdf)

 

WIELAND, C.: Demolishing the Myth of Homogeneous „Ethnic“ Blocks – Bosnia in a Comparative Perspective. In: BIEBER, F., WIELAND, C. (eds.): Facing the Past, Facing the Future: Confronting Ethnicity and Conflict in Bosnia and Former Yugoslavia. Ravenna: Longo Editore. (pdf)

 

ALLCOCK, J.: Rural-urban Differences and the Break-up of Yugoslavia.  In: Balkanologie, Vol. VI., no. 1-2. Paris 2002, p. 101–125. (pdf)

 

BOUGAREL, X.: Yugoslav wars: The "revenge of the countryside" between sociological reality and nationalist myth. In: East European Quarterly, Vol. 33, No. 2, 1999 (PDF)

 

ARMAKOLAS, I.: The ‘Paradox’ of Tuzla City: Explaining Non-nationalist Local Politics during the

Bosnian War. In: Europe-Asia Studies, Vol. 63, No. 2, 2011, 229–261. (PDF)

 

6)     Ethnic cleansing or genocide? The understanding of the wars in the former Yugoslavia II.

 

Required Reading

 

MOJZES, P.: Chapter 1. In: MOJZES, P.: Balkan Genocides: Holocaust and Ethnic Cleansing in the Twentieth Century. Lanham, Rowman & Littlefield 2011. (pdf)

 

MOJZES, P.: Ethnic Cleansing during Yugoslavia´s Wars of Disintegration in the 1990s. Chapter 8. In: MOJZES, P.: Balkan Genocides: Holocaust and Ethnic Cleansing in the Twentieth Century. Lanham 2011. (pdf)

 

Recommended Reading

 

ŽÍLA, O.: The War Conflict in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Phenomenon of Ethnic Cleansing. In: Contemporary History, 2016. (pdf)

 

WEINE, S.: Chapter II (Living through Ethnic Cleansing). WEINE, When History Is a Nightmare: Lives and Memories of Ethnic Cleansing in Bosnia-Herzegovina, London 1999. (pdf)

 

MELANDER, E.: Ethnic Cleansing in Bosnia-Herzegovina, 1992–1995, University of Essex 2007 [cit. 2012–9–4]. Dostupné z: ˂http://privatewww.essex.ac.uk/~ksg/dscw2007/Melander.pdf>.(pdf)

 

CALIC, M-J.: Ethnic Cleansing and War Crimes, 1991–1995. In: INGRAO, C., EMMERT, T. A.: Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies. A Scholars’ Initiative. West Lafayette, Indiana 2009. (pdf)

 

CUSHMAN, T.: Anthropology and Genocide in the Balkans. An analysis of cenceptual practices of power. In: Anthropological Theory, Vol. 4, pp. 5–28. (pdf)

 

HAYDEN, R.: Innacurate data, spurious issues, and editorial failure in Cushman’s ´Anthropology and Genocide in the Balkans. In: Anthropological Theory, Vol. 4, pp. 545–554. sehnat

 

MARKUSEN, E.: Genocide in former Yugoslavia, 1992–1995. In: Journal of Genocide Research (2003), 5(4), 605–615. (pdf)

 

HAYDEN, R. M.: Imagined communities and real victims: self-determination and ethnic cleansing in Yugoslavia. In: American Ethnologist, Vol. 23, No. 4, 1996. (PDF)

 

HAYDEN, R.: Schindler’s Fate: Genocide,  Ethnic Cleansing, and Population  Transfers. In: Slavic Review, Vol. 55, No. 4, 1996. . (PDF)

 

HANSEN, Lene. Security as practice: discourse analysis and the Bosnian war. New York, NY: Routledge, ©2006. . (PDF)

 

7)     Paramilitary units. Violence brought into local communities from outside I.

 

Required Reading

VUKUŠIĆ, I.: Masters of Life and Death: Paramilitary Violence in Two Bosnian Towns. In: Journal of Perpetrator Research 3.2 (2021), 66–86. (PDF)

 

Recommended Reading

JANSEN, S.: Remembering with a Difference: Clashing Memories of Bosnian Conflict in Everyday Life. In: BOUGAREL, X., HELMS, E., DUIJZINGS, G. (eds.): The new Bosnian mosaic: identities, memories and moral claims in a post-war society. Hampshire 2007

 

CAMPBELL D.: Violence and Identity in Bosnia. In: CAMPBELL D.: National Deconstruction : Violence, Identity, and Justice in Bosnia, Minneapolis 1998, pp. 83–114.

 

MOJZES, P.: War in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In: MOJZES, P.: Balkan Genocides: Holocaust and Ethnic Cleansing in the Twentieth Century. Lanha 2011, pp. 163–195. (pdf)

 

KALYVAS, S. N., SAMBANIS, N.: Bosnia’s Civil War. Origins and Violence Dynamics. In: COLLIER, P., SAMBANIS, N. (eds.): Understanding civil war: Europe, Central Asia, and other regions: evidence and analysis. Volume 2, Europe, Central Asia, and other regions, Washington 2005.

 

KALDOR, M.: New and old wars: organized violence in a global era: with an afterword, January 2001. Repr. with a new afterword 2001.  (pdf)

 

BOUGAREL, X.: Bosnie: anatomie d' un conflit. Paris: La Découverte, 1996. 

 

KURTOVIĆ, L.:  What is a nationalist? Some Thoughts on the Question from Bosnia-Herzegovina. In: Anthropology of East Europe Review 29(2) 2011. (pdf)

 

LUČIĆ, I.: Bosna i Hercegovina od prvih izbora do međunarodnog priznanja. In: Časopis za suvremenu povijest, br. 1., 2008: 107–140. (pdf)

 

HUDSON, K.: War: the second wave – Bosnia. In:  HUDSON, K.: Breaking the South Slav dream: the rise and fall of Yugoslavia. London: Pluto Press, 2003 (pdf)

 

HALPERN,J.:Some Anthropological Observations on a War – The Conflict in Bosnia I., II. (pdf)

 

 

8)     Safe Areas: Violence brought into local communities from outside II.

 

Required Reading

 

INGRAO, C.: Safe Areas. In: INGRAO, C., EMMERT, T. A.: Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies. A Scholars’ Initiative. West Lafayette, Indiana 2009. (pdf)

 

Recommended Reading

 

SACCO, J.: Safe area Goražde. Seattle: Fantagraphics Books, 2005. 

 

STEFANSSON, A.: Urban Exile. Locals, Newcomers and the Cultural Transformations of Sarajevo. In: BOUGAREL, X., HELMS, E., DUIJZINGS, G. (eds.): The new Bosnian mosaic: identities, memories and moral claims in a post-war society. Hampshire 2007 (pdf)

 

 

9)     The war in Croatia and its interpretation

 

Required Reading

GRANDITS, H., LEUTLOFF, C.: Discourses, actors, violence: the organisation of war-escalation in the Krajina region of Croatia 1990–91  (pdf)

 

Recommended Reading

BJELAJAC, M., ŽUNEC, O.: The War in Croatia, 1991-1995. In: INGRAO, C., EMMERT, T. A.: Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies. A Scholars’ Initiative. West Lafayette, Indiana 2009. (pdf)

 

RAMET, S.: Politics in Croatia since 1990. In: RAMET, S. P. (ed.): Central and southeast European politics since 1989, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010, pp. 258–285. (pdf)

 

MOJZES, P.: War in Croatia. In: MOJZES, P.: Balkan Genocides: Holocaust and Ethnic Cleansing in the Twentieth Century. Lanha 2011, pp. 151–162. (pdf)

 

JANSEN, S.: The Violence of Memories. Local narratives of the pastafter ethnic cleansing in Croatia. In: Rethinking History, Vol. 6, 2002, pp. 77–94. (pdf)

 

SADKOVICH, J.: Patriots, Villains, and Franjo Tudjman. In: Review of Croatian History 2 (1):247–80. (pdf)

 

MATIĆ, D.: Is nationalism really that bad? The Case of Croatia. In: RAMET, S., MATIĆ, D.: Democratic transition in Croatia: value transformation, education & media. College Station: Texas A&M University Press 2007, 326–353. (pdf)

 

SADKOVICH, J.: Franjo Tudjman: An Intellectual in Politics. In: RAMET, S. P.,CLEWING, K., LUKIĆ, R. (eds.): Croatia since independence: war, politics, society, foreign relations. München: Oldenbourg, 2008. (pdf)

 

BARIĆ, N.: The Rise and Fall of the Republic of Serb Krajina (1990–1995). In: RAMET, S. P.,CLEWING, K., LUKIĆ, R. (eds.): Croatia since independence: war, politics, society, foreign relations. München: Oldenbourg, 2008. (pdf)

 

HUDSON, K.: War: the first wave – Croatia. In:  HUDSON, K.: Breaking the South Slav dream: the rise and fall of Yugoslavia. London: Pluto Press, 2003 (pdf)

 

10)  Kosovo under the Milošević regime and The Kosovo War

 

Required Reading

ROGEL. C.: Kosovo: Where It All Began. In: International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society, Vol. 17, No. 1, 2003  (pdf)

 

Recommended Reading

BIEBER, F, DASKALOVSKI, Ž. (eds.).: Understanding the war in Kosovo. London: Frank Cass, 2003.

 

TRIX, F.: Kosovar Albanians between a Rock and a Hard Place. In: RAMET, S., PAVLAKOVIĆ, V.: Serbia since 1989: politics and society under Milos̆ević and after. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2007. (pdf)

 

JANJIĆ, D., LALAJ, A. PULA, B.: Kosovo under the Milošević Regime. In: INGRAO, C., EMMERT, T. A.: Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies. A Scholars’ Initiative. West Lafayette, Indiana 2009. (pdf)

WOODWARD, S. Kosovo and the Region: Consequences of the Waiting Game, The International Spectator: Italian Journal of International Affairs, 35:1, 2000: 35-48.  (pdf)

 

HUDSON, K.: War: the third wave – Kosovo. In:  HUDSON, K.: Breaking the South Slav dream: the rise and fall of Yugoslavia. London: Pluto Press, 2003 (pdf)

PAVLOVIĆ, M.: Kosovo under Autonomy, 1974–1990. In: INGRAO, C., EMMERT, T. A.: Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies. A Scholars’ Initiative. West Lafayette, Indiana 2009. (pdf)

AUSTIN, R.C.: Greater Albania: The Albanian State and the Question of Kosovo, 1912–2001. In: LAMPE, J., MAZOWER, M. (eds.): Ideologies and national identities: the case of twentieth-century Southeastern Europe [online]. Budapest: Central European University Press, 2004, pp. 235–247.

11)  Foreign fighters in the Yugoslav wars        

 

Required Reading

Li, Darryl. 2016. "Jihad In A World Of Sovereigns: Law, Violence, And Islam In The Bosnia Crisis". Law & Social Inquiry 41 (02): 371-401. (pdf)

 

Recommended Reading

 

VIVOD, M.: In the Shadow of the Serbian Paramilitary Units: Narrative Patterns about the Role of Paramilitary Units in Former Yugoslav Conflict. In: Advances in Anthropology, Vol. 3, 2013, pp. 23–32. (pdf)

 

OLUIC, S.: Radical Islam on Europe’s Frontier – Bosnia & Herzegovina. In: National Security And The Future, Vol. 9, 2008. (pdf)

 

Arielli, Nir. 2011. "In Search Of Meaning: Foreign Volunteers In The Croatian Armed Forces, 1991–95". Contemporary European History 21 (1): 1-17. doi:10.1017/s0960777311000518. (pdf)

 

Arielli, Nir. 2020. "Foreign Fighters And War Volunteers: Between Myth And Reality". European Review Of History: Revue Européenne D'histoire 27 (1-2): 54-64. doi:10.1080/13507486.2020.1713728. (pdf)

 

Bardos, Gordon N. 2013. "Iran In The Balkans: A History And A Forecast". World Affairs. (pdf)

 

KOHLMANN, E.: Al-Qaida’s Jihad in Europe: the Afghan-Bosnian network, Oxford 2004.

 

DELISO, CH.: The coming Balkan caliphate: the threat of radical Islam to Europe and the West. Westport 2007.

 

WELTY, L.: Salafism in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

 

HOFFMAN, P.: German Foreign Fighters in the Yugoslav Wars. Praha 2016. (pdf)

 

MILLS, R. Fighters, footballers and nation builders: wartime football in the Serb-held territories of the former Yugoslavia, 1991–1996, Sport in Society: Cultures, Commerce, Media, Politics, 16:8, 2013, 945-972 (pdf)

 

 

12)  Sarajevo under Siege

 

Required Reading

Ristic, Mirjana. 2018. Architecture, Urban Space and War: The Destruction and Reconstruction of Sarajevo. Springer. (4. chapter) (pdf)

 

Recommended Reading

MAČEK, I.: ‘Imitation of Life’: Negotiating Normality in Sarajevo under Siege. In: BOUGAREL, X., HELMS, E., DUIJZINGS, G. (eds.): The new Bosnian mosaic: identities, memories and moral claims in a post-war society, Hampshire 2007, pp. 39–57.

 

MAČEK, I.: Sarajevo under siege: Anthropology in Wartime, Philadelphia 2009.

 

King, Curtis S. 2003. “The Siege of Sarajevo, 1992-1995.” In Block by Block: The Challenges of Urban Operations, edited by William Robertson, 235–90. Kansas: U.S. Army Command and General Staff College Press.

Levinger-Goy, Jasna. 2022. Out of the Siege of Sarajevo: Memoirs of a Former Yugoslav. Barnsley: Pen and Sword Military.

 

 

Poslední úprava: ZILA1 (31.08.2025)
Metody výuky - angličtina

Standard face-to-face teaching.  

 

Regular reading of the required texts for every single class is obligatory for all participants without exception.

  

In all the written text you submit, please follow these rules for the legitimate/illegitimate use of (generative) AI tools:

You are entirely free to use generative AI for preparatory tasks, such as brainstorming, idea generation, or searching for relevant literature, as well as for language corrections. However, do not use AI to generate the text you submit as your own work. In other words, no part of your submitted text itself may be AI-generated, except for the language corrections noted above.

 

Use of generative AI tools:

The use and citation of generative AI tools (such as ChatGPT or MS Copilot) in seminar papers and other coursework must comply with the decrees of the IMS Director No. 7/2023 and 9/2023.

Generative AI tools may be used unless explicitly prohibited by the instructor. However, they may not be used to generate substantial sections of the text or replace the student’s own intellectual contribution. The student remains fully responsible for any content generated with assistance of AI tools.

Presenting AI-generated content, whether verbatim, rephrased, or only slightly modified, as one's own work constitutes plagiarism.

Every submitted paper must include a transparent statement specifying which generative AI tools were used, in which stage of the work they were employed, and how they were used, or confirming that no generative AI tools were used. If this statement is missing or incomplete, the instructor is not permitted to accept the paper for evaluation.

Unless the instructor explicitly prohibits the use of generative AI tools, the decision to use or not to use them rests fully with the student. The student has the right to request that the instructor does not use AI assistance for evaluating their work.

Poslední úprava: Lochmanová Sára, Mgr. (08.10.2025)
Požadavky ke zkoušce - angličtina

Assessment

In terms of assessment, this is how you will be assessed in this course:

30% activity in the class (class reading) - ability to answer the questions and formulate own view, based on readings.

70% final paper based on readings and classes.

 

A) 100 - 91%

(B) 90 - 81%

(C) 80- 71%

(D) 70-61

(E) 60-51

(F) less than 50%

 

Based on Dean's Measure 20/2019: https://fsv.cuni.cz/deans-measure-no-20/2019

 

Note on plagiarism

Students should follow the rules of academic conduct. Any instance of plagiarism will be immediately delivered to the Disciplinary commission for further decision. Please, consult any uncertainties with the lecturer before you submit your paper.

 

In all the written text you submit, please follow these rules for the legitimate/illegitimate use of (generative) AI tools:

 

You are entirely free to use generative AI for preparatory tasks, such as brainstorming, idea generation, or searching for relevant literature, as well as for language corrections. However, do not use AI to generate the text you submit as your own work. In other words, no part of your submitted text itself may be AI-generated, except for the language corrections noted above.

 

Poslední úprava: ZILA1 (14.09.2025)
Sylabus - angličtina

Syllabus:

1)     Reconsidering national identification: National Politics of Tito’s Yugoslavia (29.09.)

2)     “Recounting the Dead” - Nationalist propaganda in the 1980s in Socialist Yugoslavia (6.10.)

3)     The role of Nationalism and Political Conflict in Yugoslavia’s dissolution (13.10.)

4)     The Break-Up of the Yugoslav Federation II. – The Dissolution of the SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1990 – 1992 (20.10.)

5)     Ethnic conflicts or myths of ethnic wars? Civil Wars or Aggression? The understanding of the wars in the former Yugoslavia I. (27.10.)

6)     Ethnic cleansing or genocide? The understanding of the wars in the former Yugoslavia II. (3.11.)

7)     Paramilitary units. Violence brought into local communities from outside I. (10.11.)

8)     Safe Areas: Violence brought into local communities from outside II. (24.11.)

9)     Foreign Fighters: Violence brought into local communities from outside III.  (8.12.)

10)  The war in Croatia and its interpretation (15.11.)

11)  Kosovo under the Milošević regime and The Kosovo War (5.1.)

12)  Sarajevo under siege and its reintegration after the war (?)

Poslední úprava: ZILA1 (31.08.2025)
 
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