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Theoretical Methods in Chemistry - MC260P146
Anglický název: Theoretical Methods in Chemistry
Zajišťuje: Katedra fyzikální a makromol. chemie (31-260)
Fakulta: Přírodovědecká fakulta
Platnost: od 2024
Semestr: zimní
E-Kredity: 5
Způsob provedení zkoušky: zimní s.:
Rozsah, examinace: zimní s.:2/2, Z+Zk [HT]
Počet míst: neomezen
Minimální obsazenost: neomezen
4EU+: ne
Virtuální mobilita / počet míst pro virtuální mobilitu: ne
Stav předmětu: vyučován
Jazyk výuky: angličtina
Poznámka: povolen pro zápis po webu
při zápisu přednost, je-li ve stud. plánu
Garant: Christopher James Heard, Ph.D.
Vyučující: doc. RNDr. Lukáš Grajciar, Ph.D.
Junjie He, Ph.D.
Christopher James Heard, Ph.D.
Ing. Lucie Nová, Ph.D.
prof. RNDr. Filip Uhlík, Ph.D.
Anotace - angličtina
The course Theoretical Methods in Chemistry provides an overview of basic techniques that are common in different fields of theoretical chemistry (such as quantum and computational chemistry, statistical thermodynamics, molecular modeling, chemoinformatics, …). After explaining the theoretical background (such as electronic structure of atoms and molecules, ensembles in statistical thermodynamics, …) the course describes how the resulting equations can be solved using numerical methods on a computer. The course is supplemented by a practical workshop.
Poslední úprava: Uhlík Filip, prof. RNDr., Ph.D. (21.12.2025)
Literatura - angličtina

- P. W. Atkins, J. de Paula, J. Keeler: Atkins’ Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press, 2018, ISBN 0198769865.
- D. A. McQuarrie, J. D. Simon: Physical Chemistry: A Molecular Approach, University Science Books, 1997, ISBN 0935702997.
- I. Levine: Quantum Chemistry, Pearson, 2013, ISBN 0321803450.
- P. W. Atkins, R. S. Friedman: Molecular Quantum Mechanics, Oxford University Press, 2010, ISBN 0199541426.
- M. E. Tuckerman: Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Molecular Simulation, Oxford University Press, 2010, ISBN 0198525265.
- S. M. Blinder, J. E. House: Mathematical Physics in Theoretical Chemistry, Elsevier, 2019, ISBN 0128136510.

Poslední úprava: Uhlík Filip, prof. RNDr., Ph.D. (21.12.2025)
Požadavky ke zkoušce - angličtina

Final mark is based on the final exam (66%) and credit derived from class participation during course (33%).

Final exam is comprised equally of a (1 hr) written exam and oral exam, to cover the concepts discussed within the course materials.

Poslední úprava: Heard Christopher James, Ph.D. (05.09.2024)
Sylabus - angličtina

Lecture 1: Introduction to theoretical chemistry

History of chemical theory, development of theoeretical methods in chemistry (quantum chemistry).

Development of computational techniques.

Introduction to electronic structure theory

Concepts in modelling (accuracy/precision)

Overview of course structure

Lecture 2: Potential Energy Surfaces

Concept of PES, harmonic approximation, Born-Oppenheimer Approximation, Normal Mode analysis.

Critical points on the PES, algorithms for locating minima/transition states

Searching the PES (global optimization and statistical methods for characterising the PES)

Classification/visualization of PES

Failure of BOA and implications to chemistry/physics/biology

Lecture 3: Wavefunction methods in quantum chemistry

Single electron methods (Hartree Fock)

Variational principle

LCAO, slater determinants and basis sets

Approximations, derivations and application of HF.

Restricted/unrestricted HF

Accuracy and limitations - implications

Lecture 4: Density methods in quantum chemistry

Density-based methods (Thomas-Fermi -> density functional theory)

Accuracy and limitations

exchange and correlation

Linear response

Applications

Lecture 5: Semi-Empirical methods

Force-field methods (LJ, metallic fields, biological/protein FF)

Introduction to fitted forcefields (training and testing)

Approximate solutions to HF (INDO/MINDO)

Huckel theory for conjugated organic molcules

Coarse graining for polymers

Lecture 6: Post-HF wavefunction methods

Correlation methods (CI, perturbation theory, CCSD)

Lecture 7: Symmetry and spectroscopy

group theory in chemistry

Application of symmetry to analysis of bonding, structure and spectral properties

Lecture 8: Excited states

Failures of BOA, conical intersections, avoided crossings

Time-dependent DFT for calculation of optical response, UV-VIS spectra, photoelectron spectra

Non-adiabatic dynamics

Lecture 9 + Lecture 10: Statistical thermodynamics and molecular simulations (additional materials at https://11c.cz/st)

Statistical mechanics

Ensembles

Partition functions

Monte Carlo methods

Molecular dynamics

Lecture 11 + Lecture 12: Machine Learning Methods

Supervised and unsupervised learning

Clustering and characterisation (SVM)

Multivariate regression (LASSO, KRR) 

chemoinformatics/materials - LLMs, QSAR

Machine Learned Potentials (Featurization, training, active learning, delta learning, error estimation)

interpretable AI 

ML integration into tools (surrogate methods)

Poslední úprava: Uhlík Filip, prof. RNDr., Ph.D. (20.02.2026)
Výsledky učení - angličtina

Lecture 1: Introduction to Theoretical Chemistry

By the end of this lecture, students will be able to:

    Trace the historical development of theoretical methods and computational techniques in chemistry.

    Outline the foundational concepts of electronic structure theory.

    Distinguish between accuracy and precision within the context of chemical modeling.

    Navigate the overall structure and expectations of the course.

Lecture 2: Potential Energy Surfaces (PES)

By the end of this lecture, students will be able to:

    Define the concept of a Potential Energy Surface (PES) and apply the harmonic and Born-Oppenheimer approximations (BOA).

    Perform Normal Mode analysis to evaluate molecular vibrations.

    Identify and locate critical points on a PES, distinguishing between global/local minima and transition states.

    Evaluate the statistical methods and algorithms used to search and characterize a PES.

    Explain the implications to chemistry, physics, and biology when the Born-Oppenheimer Approximation fails.

Lecture 3: Wavefunction Methods in Quantum Chemistry

By the end of this lecture, students will be able to:

    Explain the principles and derivations of single-electron methods, specifically Hartree-Fock (HF) theory.

    Apply the variational principle to quantum chemical problems.

    Construct Slater determinants and explain the Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals (LCAO) approach and the use of basis sets.

    Differentiate between restricted and unrestricted HF methods.

    Assess the accuracy, limitations, and practical implications of utilizing HF methods.

Lecture 4: Density Methods in Quantum Chemistry

By the end of this lecture, students will be able to:

    Summarize the evolution of density-based methods from the Thomas-Fermi model to modern Density Functional Theory (DFT).

    Explain the role and impact of exchange and correlation functionals.

    Apply linear response theory within the context of DFT.

    Evaluate the accuracy, limitations, and specific applications of density methods.

Lecture 5: Semi-Empirical Methods

By the end of this lecture, students will be able to:

    Describe the formulation of force-field methods, including Lennard-Jones potentials, metallic fields, and biological/protein force fields.

    Outline the process of training, testing, and fitting force fields.

    Compare approximate semi-empirical solutions to HF theory (such as INDO and MINDO).

    Apply Hückel theory to analyze conjugated organic molecules.

    Explain the principles and utility of coarse-graining for polymers.

Lecture 6: Post-HF Wavefunction Methods

By the end of this lecture, students will be able to:

    Differentiate between various electron correlation methods, including Configuration Interaction (CI), perturbation theory, and Coupled-Cluster (CCSD).

    Evaluate how post-HF methods improve upon standard Hartree-Fock calculations.

Lecture 7: Symmetry and Spectroscopy

By the end of this lecture, students will be able to:

    Apply the principles of group theory to chemical systems.

    Analyze chemical bonding, molecular structures, and spectral properties using symmetry rules.

Lecture 8: Excited States

By the end of this lecture, students will be able to:

    Analyze complex excited-state phenomena, including conical intersections and avoided crossings.

    Calculate optical responses, UV-VIS spectra, and photoelectron spectra using Time-Dependent DFT (TD-DFT).

    Explain the principles of non-adiabatic dynamics in systems where the BOA fails.

Lectures 9 & 10: Statistical Thermodynamics and Molecular Simulations

By the end of these lectures, students will be able to:

    Define core principles of statistical mechanics and differentiate between various statistical ensembles.

    Calculate and interpret partition functions for chemical systems.

    Use and understand Monte Carlo calculations for calculation of integrals and sampling of arbitrary distributions.

    Compare the theoretical foundations and practical applications of Monte Carlo methods and Molecular Dynamics simulations.

Lectures 11 & 12: Machine Learning Methods

By the end of these lectures, students will be able to:

    Distinguish between supervised and unsupervised machine learning methods.

    Apply clustering techniques (like SVM) and multivariate regression models (like LASSO and KRR) to chemical data.

    Discuss the role of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR) in chemoinformatics and materials science.

    Outline the development of Machine Learned Potentials, including featurization, training, active/delta learning, and error estimation.

    Evaluate the importance of interpretable AI and the integration of ML as surrogate methods in chemical tools.

Poslední úprava: Uhlík Filip, prof. RNDr., Ph.D. (20.02.2026)
 
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