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The course Chemistry Laboratory aims to provide a general introduction to the practical aspects of methods used in the chemical laboratory, with emphasis on good laboratory practice, safety, and correct data handling. Students will gain basic knowledge of organic and inorganic synthesis, including operations such as crystallization, distillation, pH measurement, pipetting with automatic pipettes, and proper handling of laboratory waste. The course further introduces practical use of diffraction methods, microscopy, spectroscopy, and separation methods such as chromatography. Students will also be introduced to the synthesis or separation and characterization of selected systems (e.g., gold nanoparticles, proteins, zeolites, caffeine) and will be guided to correctly prepare and write laboratory reports and experimental protocols for all practical classes. Poslední úprava: Eliášová Pavla, Mgr., Ph.D. (08.01.2026)
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Poslední úprava: Ušelová Kateřina, RNDr., Ph.D. (26.05.2022)
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100 % participation in the laboratory sessions. Successful passing of one test (after attending all laboratory sessions). Acceptance of laboratory reports by the responsible instructor of the respective laboratory session. Poslední úprava: Eliášová Pavla, Mgr., Ph.D. (05.01.2026)
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The course introduces fundamental skills and techniques used in the chemistry laboratory, with emphasis on good laboratory practice, safety, and correct data handling. Students will learn basic inorganic and organic laboratory operations, methods of compound synthesis and isolation, and selected modern characterization techniques. The following topics are covered:
Students will be guided to correctly prepare and write laboratory reports and protocols for all experiments carried out during the practical classes. Poslední úprava: Eliášová Pavla, Mgr., Ph.D. (08.01.2026)
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Upon successful completion of the course, the student is able to demonstrate the acquired knowledge and skills in the following areas: Good laboratory practice, safety, basic operations · Student describes and applies good laboratory practice and standard safety rules in a chemical laboratory, including appropriate use of personal protective equipment and emergency procedures. · Student performs basic laboratory operations (weighing on an analytical balance, pipetting with automatic pipettes, preparing solutions) with sufficient accuracy and proper handling of laboratory waste. Organic synthesis of 2-methyl-2-hexanol · Student assembles and operates apparatus for reflux and distillation, including work under an inert atmosphere. · Student prepares a Grignard reagent in situ and performs its nucleophilic addition to a carbonyl compound. · Student processes the reaction mixture (extraction, washing, drying, distillation) and isolates the target alcohol. · Student characterises the product by gas chromatography and basic physical properties (e.g., boiling point) and compares experimental and expected results. Isolation of organic substance - caffeine from tea · Student isolates caffeine from a natural source using extraction, precipitation, filtration, and crystallization/recrystallization. · Student dries the solid product, measures its melting point, and assesses purity using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). · Student interprets yield, melting point, and TLC data in terms of purity and efficiency of the isolation procedure. Separation and ion‑exchange properties of zeolites · Student separates zeolite from a commercial laundry detergent using dissolution and vacuum filtration and determines its mass fraction. · Student records and compares X‑ray powder diffraction patterns and identifies the zeolite type in the detergent and in an unlabeled commercial sample. · Student performs ion‑exchange experiments of zeolite with selected metal cations. · Student carries out qualitative confirmatory reactions for selected metal cations and interprets their results in terms of ion-exchange efficiency. Reaction kinetics and analytical evaluation of experiments · Student performs a batch reactor catalytic experiment with zeolite as a solid catalyst. · Student collects samples and performs gas chromatography analysis (GC) with internal standard calibration and analysis using iodometric titration. · Student processes data from the GC and from the iodometric titration analyses to determine the composition of reaction mixtures. · Student evaluates and interprets reaction kinetics and determines basic kinetic parameters based on the processed data. Synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles · Student synthesizes gold nanoparticles by the Frens method and by seeded growth. · Student records UV–vis spectra and DLS data for both nanoparticle samples, determines plasmon resonance maxima and hydrodynamic diameters, and relates these values to particle size and dispersity. · Student compares the optical and size characteristics of the two nanoparticle batches and explains how synthetic conditions influence nanoparticle properties and the suitability of UV–vis and DLS for their characterization. Labeling of protein with a fluorescent dye · Student safely handles protein samples in solution, prepares them for analysis, and records experimental conditions in a clear and traceable way. · Student acquires and interprets MALDI mass spectra of selected proteins to determine their molar mass and to identify an unknown protein sample. · Student describes and performs basic procedures for protein labeling with a fluorescent tag and for protein separation by gel filtration, and interprets the obtained results in terms of purity and labeling efficiency. Reporting and documentation
Poslední úprava: Eliášová Pavla, Mgr., Ph.D. (09.01.2026)
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