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The aim of this subject is to review briefly high school knowledge of chemistry including the nomenclature of inorganic and organic compounds, basic stoichiometric calculations, pH , basic reactions in organic chemistry with the attention paid to the structures and reactions important in biochemistry. Poslední úprava: STOKL/LFHK.CUNI.CZ (27.01.2026)
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Recommended literature:
Poslední úprava: STOKL/LFHK.CUNI.CZ (27.01.2026)
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Credit: 1) Attendance at in-person classes. In case of absence, you must inform the authorised person Mgr. Alena Mrkvicová, PhD in advance (mrkvicovaa@lfhk.cuni.cz). The guarantor of the subject will consider it individually and decides whether the excuse is legitimate and acceptable. The guarantor’s decision is not appealable. 2) Active participation in online classes as documented in Moodle. In particular, students must complete online lectures. The online activity will be documented in MOODLE program. Students must complete and upload completed homework assignments and completed seminar worksheets. The location of the repository is specified in the MOODLE program. Before the last in-person class, attendance in online courses must be completed; otherwise, students will not be allowed to take the credit test. 3) Satisfactory results of examination Students must take online or paper tests. The form of the test and the scope of the topics are specified in the MOODLE program. In the case of absence, substitute tests must be completed no later than by the last in-person class. The date must be settled with Mgr. Alena Mrkvicová, PhD via e-mail. The credit test has to achieve at least a passing mark. Credit will not be awarded if any of the conditions (1-3) are not met. Credit test: focused on nomenclature of inorganic and organic compounds (including trivial nomenclature), basic calculations, balancing of chemical reactions, organic compounds, basic reactions in organic chemistry. Poslední úprava: STOKL/LFHK.CUNI.CZ (27.01.2026)
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Lectures 1. Periodic system - a theoretical introduction: periodic law and the laws arising from it, electronegativity. Atomic structure (atomic masses, isotopes). Nomenclature of inorganic compounds. (2h) 2. Chemical reactions - classification according to various criteria. Bonds in molecules - covalent, ionic, metal binding and coordination. Non-binding interactions - dipole interactions, hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds. Energetics of chemical reactions - internal energy, enthalpy, free enthalpy, entropy, thermodynamic laws. (2h) 3. Kinetics of chemical reactions - speed and reaction order, Guldberg-Waage law, theory of activated complex, catalysis. Equilibrium states. (1h) 4. Oxidation and reduction - oxidoreduction state, oxidoreduction reaction, oxidoreduction potential. (1h) 5. Electrolytes and dissociation - strong and weak electrolytes, degree of dissociation and dissociation constant. Acids and bases - theory, pH. (2h) 6. Chemical calculations: stoichiometrical calculations, concentration, dilution, pH. (2h) 7. Introduction to organic chemistry. IUPAC nomenclature. Isomerism. Hydrocarbons. Substitutional derivatives of hydrocarbons – sulphur and nitrogen containing compounds. (2h) 8. Oxygen containing organic compounds – alcohols, phenols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and their functional and substitutional derivatives. (2h) 9. Carbohydrates – monosaccharides, cyclic and hemiketal structures. Oligo- and polysaccharides. (1h) 10. Lipids – fatty acids, triacylglycerols, chemical reactions, biological functions. (1h) 11. Proteins – structure, conformation, biological function. Enzymes – classification, structure, mechanism of action. (2h)
Lecturers
Seminars 1. Practicing of inorganic nomenclature. Stoichiometry of the reaction. (3h) 2. Practicing chemical calculations. (3h) 3. Practicing of organic nomenclature and basic reactions in organic chemistry. (3h) 4. Overview of biomolecules. (2h) 5. Credit test. (1h) Poslední úprava: STOKL/LFHK.CUNI.CZ (27.01.2026)
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