Last update: RNDr. Karel Martínek, Ph.D. (05.10.2020)
Credit: attendance on practicals with active participation (two absences tolerated, more absences accepted only if substantiated by
medical certificate), written and practical test
Exam: oral form
Syllabus
Last update: RNDr. Karel Martínek, Ph.D. (16.10.2020)
Winter semester 2020/2021
Lectures:
Introduction, history of clinical microbiology, evolution of microbes, bacterial genetics (viruses, bacteria, parasites, mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer - transformation, transduction, conjugation, specific genetic elements - insertion sequences, transposons, integrons, etc.)
Review of clinically important G+ bacteria (characteristics, factors responsible for virulence, diseases, diagnostics, epidemiology, antibiotic therapy; Streptococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Bacillus spp., Corynebacterium spp., etc.)
Review of clinically important G- bacteria (characteristics, factors responsible for virulence, diseases, diagnostics, epidemiology, antibiotic therapy; Neisseria spp., Haemophilus spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Vibrio spp., Campylobacter spp., Helicobacter spp., Pseudomonas and other non-fermenting rods, Legionella spp.)
Review of clinically important bacteria (characteristics, factors responsible for virulence, diseases, diagnostics, epidemiology, antibiotic therapy; Mycobacterium spp., Nocardia spp., Actinomyces spp., Chlamydia spp., Mycoplasma spp., Rickettsia spp., anaerobic bacteria - review of the most important species, e.g. Clostridium difficile, C. perfringens, C. tetani, C. botulinum, Peptostreptococcus spp., Fusobacterium spp.)
Antibiotics (basic groups of antibiotics, mechanism of action, molecules; beta-lactams, glycopeptides, polymyxins, amynoglykosides, quinolones, sulfonamides, chloramphenicol, etc.)
Mechanisms and epidemiology of antibiotic resistance (mechanisms of bacterial resistence, clonal spread of resistant bacteria, horizontal transfer of genes - mobilisation of genes, mobile genetic elements, integrons, co-resistnace, cross-resistance)
Hospital-acquired infections (definition, examples of the most important pathogens, resistence bacteria as a causative agents of hospital-acquired infections - MRSA, VRE, resistant Gram-negative rods - production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, carbapenemases)
