SubjectsSubjects(version: 978)
Course, academic year 2025/2026
   Login via CAS
   
--:--
 
 Search ... Teachers Departments Classes Classification View by plans Setup
 
 
 
 Details
 
 
 
 
Physiology - B83113 (Dentistry)
Title: Physiology
Guaranteed by: Institute of Physiology First Faculty of Medicine Charles University (11-00150)
Faculty: First Faculty of Medicine
Actual: from 2023
Semester: winter
Points: 10
E-Credits: 10
Examination process: winter s.:
summer s.:
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:5/1, C [HT]
summer s.:6/1, C+Ex [HT]
Extent per academic year: 195 [hours]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: English
Teaching methods: full-time
Explanation: prof. MUDr. O. Kittnar, CSc. MBA
Additional information: http://fyziologie.lf1.cuni.cz/medici-a-zubni-lekarstvi
Note: prefer medical statement
enabled for web enrollment
Guarantor: prof. MUDr. Otomar Kittnar, CSc., MBA
Attributes: Předmět pro elearning
Teoretický předmět
Zubní lékařství
Pre-requisite : {splněna jedna z anatomií}, B81129, B81133, B83031
Interchangeability : B81404
Is pre-requisite for: B81164, B81156, B81155, B81159, B83151, B81157, B83156, B83145, B83149, B83148, B83153, B83155
In complex pre-requisite: B80079
Annotation
The Physiology subject is read in winter and summer semesters. There are 38 lectures in winter semester and 45 lectures in summer semester. The lectures in the winter semester include physiology of the cell, general neurophysiology including physiology of muscles, blood, circulatory, respiratory and digestive systems. In the summer semester, regulation in which kidneys, the endocrine system and central nervous system take part are dealt with. Practical labs is aimed at verification of theoretical knowledge and at training certain skills through investigation of some functions of the human organism and their regulatory mechanisms as well as through experiments on animals. Computer models and patient simulators complement the labs. There are 8 lab sessions in one semester, each one lasting 2 teaching hours (16 teaching hours in each semester). The conditions for gaining the credits in either semester include active work in particular practical and a successful outcome of the revision tests.
Last update: Kolářová Jana (16.09.2019)
Teaching methods - Czech

Physiology Labs Syllabus - Summer semestr 2025/2026 (B83113 - DENTISTRY)

Physiology labs are scheduled (every other week) for Thursday 14:15-15:45, Lecture Hall - Department of Physiology

WEEK

Program

Thursday date 

1

 Introduction to summer semester, vital systems revision, how to study Physiology, concept of physiological thinking

26.2.2026

3

Polyuria, Renal system, Water homeostasis

12.3.2026

5

Importance of glycaemia, oral glucose tolerance test, regulation of metabolism by endocrine system

26.3.2026

7

 Body fluids, blood, plasma, osmotic pressure

9.4.2026

9

Metabolism measurement, basal vs. maximal metabolic turnover, relationship between breathing, cardiovascular system and metabolic turnover

23.4.2026

11

Physiology of Exercise

7.5.2026

13

 Reflex evaluation, consciousness, behavior valuation and testing, classification of behavior in physiology

21.5.2026

15

Revision test, Revision discussion, consultations and credit

4.6.2026

To obtain the credit the active participation in seminaries is compulsory plus test on the end of the semester has to be passed successfully.

Any hesitations please consult with Vladimír Riljak (via email or via MS Teams chat).

Labs are taking place in lecture hall - please use the entrance from behind of the building (street Studničkova)

Last update: Riljak Vladimír, doc. MUDr., Ph.D. (17.02.2026)
Requirements to the exam - Czech

The physiology exam is oral and consists of three questions which students randomly draw as a triplet. Each student will be allowed adequate time to prepare their answer, summarizing their thoughts and knowledge, which they will then present to the examiner in a discussion. 

Examination Requirements:

  1. Valid SIS Registration: Ensure that you have registered for the exam via the Student Information System (SIS) for the applicable term. Detailed dates for examination periods in the summer semester will be announced on both the SIS and our official webpage.

  2. Physiology Credits: You must have your physiology credits signed for both the winter and summer semesters.

  3. Identification: Bring your Student ID card or another valid identification document to the examination.


 

Excuse from the Exam:

Students are required to submit their exam excuses prior to the designated exam term. Failure to do so will result in the loss of that exam term. If an excuse is submitted after the respective exam term, it must include valid and documented justification to avoid losing the term.

 

Exam questions for Dentists:


The cell and cell membrane 
Transport across cell membranes 
Membrane potentials 
Body fluids
Blood cells 
Hemostasis 
Blood groups 
Mechanisms of immunity 
Blood circulation
Electrical activity of the heart 
ECG
Cardiac cycle 
Cardiac output and its regulation 
Blood pressure in the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins 
Starling forces
Regional blood flow (kidney, brain, heart, GIT)
Circulation of the lungs 
Respiratory System
Ventilation 
Diffusion and transport of respiratory gases 
Control of respiration 
Motility of the gastrointestinal system 
Chewing and swallowing 
Secretion in the gastrointestinal system 
Digestion and Absorption in the gastrointestinal system 
Functions of the liver 
Temperature regulation and physiology of the skin 
Glomerular filtration and ts regulation 
Parts of the nephron and its function
Control of extracellular fluid osmolality 
Sodium and potassium balance 
Mechanisms of cell signaling 
Adrenocortical hormones 
Pancreatic hormones
Hypothalamo-hypophyseal axis
The thyroid hormones 
Stress and emergency reaction 
Control of the calcium and phosphate balance 
Hormones of the anterior pituitary 
Neurohypophyseal hormones

Reproduction
Structure and function of nerve cell
Synaptic transmission 
Integration activity of neurons 
Reflex arc, classification of reflexes 
Motor system
Neural control of movements 
Autonomic nervous system
Somatic sensations 
Perception of pain 
Physiology of senses
Function of the spinal cord 
Function of the limbic system 
Function of the cerebral cortex 
Intellectual functions of the brain, language 
Mechanism of learning and memory

Last update: Riljak Vladimír, doc. MUDr., Ph.D. (17.02.2026)
Syllabus
Lectures in Physiology - Winter semestr (DENTISTRY)

Medical Physiology, History of the Subject

Cellular Physiology, Cell Organelles

Cell Membranes

Membrane Transport

Ion Channels, Membrane Potentials and their Propagation

Signal Transduction

Receptors and Information Molecules

Cytoskeleton, Cell Junctions, Extracellular Matrix

Cell Cycle, Tussie Maintenance

Principles of Homeostasis, Blood, Plasma

Blood Cells, Hemopoiesis

Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation

Body Defence System

Respiration. Pulmonary Ventilation

Diffusion, Perfusion, Pulmonary Circulation

Gas Transport and Exchange

Regulation of Respiration, Respiration in Hypobaric and Hyperbaric Conditions

Circulation, Heart, Electrical Activity in the Heart

Cardiac Mechanics

Electrocardiogram

Events of the Cardiac Cycle

Arterial System

Microcirculation and Exchange, Veins and Venous Return

Cardiovascular Control

Special Circulations

Principles of Biological Regulation

Physiology of the Digestive System, Motility

Secretory Functions

Digestion, Absorption

Metabolism, Minerals and Vitamins

Splanchnic Circulation, Functions of the Liver

Regulation of Food Intake

Function of the Skin

Temperature Regulation

Summer semestr

Kidney and Body Fluids, Fundamentals of Renal Physiology, Glomerular Filtration

Epithelial Transport, Filtrate Processing in the Tubules, Clearance

Mechanisms for Controlling Extracellular Fluid Osmolality

Excretion and Regulation of the Sodium, Potassium, and Urea, Micturition

Body Acid-Base State and Its Regulation

Endocrinology, The Cellular Biology of Endocrine System

Neurohypophyseal Hormones, Neuropeptides, Growth Factors

Control of the Calcium and Phosphate Balance

Adrenocortical and Thyroideal Hormones

Adrenal Medulla, Endocrine Rhythms

Pancreas and Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism, Adipocytal hormones

Reproductive and Hormonal Functions of the Male, Sexual Differentiation

Reproductive and Hormonal Functions of the Female

Anterior Pituitary

Pregnancy and Lactation

Fetal and Neonatal Physiology

General Prionciples of Neuronal Functions

Synaptic Transmission, Neurotransmitters

Membrane Potentials, Role of Dendrites, Integrative Function of Neuronal Circuits

Sensory Processes

Somatic Sensations, Pain

Auditory System

Gustation and Olfaction

Visual System

Sensory Processing

Control of Movements, The Spinal Motor Control, Reflex Arc

Striated muscle

Control of the Posture, Eye Position, Locomotion, Chewing

Voluntary Movements, Motor Functions of Cerebral Cortex

Motor Functions of Cerebellum and Basal Ganglia

Autonomic Nervous System

Hypothalamus, Smooth muscle

Limbic system, Reward system

Integrative Functions of the Central Nervous System

Integrative Functions of Cerebral Cortex in Humans

Learning and Memory

Association Functions of the Cerebral Cortex

Development of neuronal circuits, Neuroplasticity

Milleu of the CNS, Blood Brain Barrier

Body Rhythms

Waking and Sleeping

Optimality in Physiological Mechanisms

Last update: Kolářová Jana (19.09.2019)
Education plan -
Schedule semestral
Educational week Date From - To Education type Theme Teacher Files Note Hodnocení
129.09.202510:45 - 12:15lectureMedical Physiology, History of the Subject 
30.09.202512:30 - 14:00lectureIntroduction to Cardiopulmonary Physiology  
03.10.202512:30 - 14:00lectureCellular Physiology, Cell Organelles  
207.10.202512:30 - 14:00lectureBlood Plasma. Hemosasis. 
10.10.202512:30 - 14:00lecturePhysiology of Blood. Erythrocytes, Hemoglobin. Erythropoesis. Blood groups.  
313.10.202510:45 - 12:15lectureCellular membranes, transporting mechanisms, permeability, ICF 
14.10.202512:30 - 14:00lectureIonic channels. Equilibrium potential, resting membrane potential.  
17.10.202512:30 - 14:00lectureMembrane potentials - principles, propagation, purposses. (RP, AP, PSP)  
421.10.202512:30 - 14:00lecturePrinciples of Biological Regulation 
24.10.202512:30 - 14:00lectureCirculation. Principles of electrical and mechanical functions of the heart. 
527.10.202510:45 - 12:15lectureCardiac membrane potentials. ECG.  
28.10.202512:30 - 14:00lectureState Holiday - Independent Day 
31.10.202512:30 - 14:00lectureCardiac cycle. Cardiac pump function. 
604.11.202512:30 - 14:00lectureBlood vessels physiology: Arterial tonus, Mikrocirkulatioin. Venous return. Blood pressure 
07.11.202512:30 - 14:00lectureRegulation of cardiovascular system 
710.11.202510:45 - 12:15lectureSpecific vascular beds. Lymphatic system. Spleen. 
11.11.202512:30 - 14:00lecturePBL Circulation - Integration and application of knowledge, clinical cases, Final Exam QnA. 
14.11.202512:30 - 14:00lectureRespiratory Physiology. Ventilation mechanics, distribution. 
818.11.202512:30 - 14:00lectureRespiratory gasses: gas exchange and transport. ABB. 
21.11.202512:30 - 14:00lecturePulmonary circulation. Ventilation - perfusion ratio. 
924.11.202510:45 - 12:15lectureRegulation of Respiration. Respiration in specific conditions. 
25.11.202512:30 - 14:00lecturePBL Respiration - Integration and application of knowledge, clinical cases, Final Exam QnA. 
28.11.202512:30 - 14:00lectureMetabolism, Nutrition 
1002.12.202512:30 - 14:00lectureMuscles. Muscle contraction, excitation-contraction coupling. 
05.12.202512:30 - 14:00lectureMuscle types. Physiology of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle. 
1108.12.202510:45 - 12:15lectureGIT - Physiology overview. GIT Motility and its control. 
09.12.202512:30 - 14:00lectureUpper GIT Physiology. Secretion and motility regulation. 
12.12.202512:30 - 14:00lectureLiver, Bile, Pancreas. 
1216.12.202512:30 - 14:00lectureLower GIT Physilogy, secretion and motility regulation. Digestion and absorption of chief nutrients. 
19.12.202512:30 - 14:00lectureRegulation of Food Intake. GIT hormones. 
1305.01.202610:45 - 12:15lecturePBL GIT - Integration and application of knowledge, clinical cases, Final Exam QnA. 
06.01.202612:30 - 14:00lectureBody fluids Physiology - composition, osmolarita and their changes. 
09.01.202612:30 - 14:00lectureBody Defense System. 
1413.01.202612:30 - 14:00lectureSkin Physiology. 
16.01.202612:30 - 14:00lectureThermoregulation. 
1519.01.202610:45 - 12:15lecturePrinciples of homeostasis. Biological Regulations. 
23.01.202612:30 - 14:00lectureConsultations 
Schedule semestral
Educational week Date From - To Education type Theme Teacher Files Note Hodnocení
124.02.202612:30 - 14:00lectureAutonomic nervous systemdoc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
25.02.202612:30 - 14:00lecturePhysiology of Exercise doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
26.02.202610:30 - 12:00lectureRenal System overview, regulation of glomerular filtration, tubuloglomerular feedback, Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosteron system, role of kidney in regulation of the blood pressure doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
203.03.202612:30 - 14:00lectureGeneral principles of Humoral regulation doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
04.03.202612:30 - 14:00lectureAdrenal Medulla, Stress prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
05.03.202610:30 - 12:00lectureHypophysis prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
310.03.202612:30 - 14:00lectureUnderstanding Humoral Signaling: Comparing Neuronal and Endocrine Systems with Examples from the Adrenal and Thyroid Glandsdoc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
11.03.202612:30 - 14:00lectureGrowth, GH, T-hormones. Anabolism, catabolism. prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
12.03.202610:30 - 12:00lectureThe Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System: A Dynamic Interface of Neuronal, Endocrine, and Immune Communication doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
417.03.202612:30 - 14:00lectureGlomerular filtration doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
18.03.202612:30 - 14:00lectureTubular proceses prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
19.03.202610:30 - 12:00lectureVital functions in numbers and graphs doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
524.03.202612:30 - 14:00lectureIntegrative regulation of osmolality and volume by kidney, urine composition doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
25.03.202612:30 - 14:00lectureFemale reproductive system, Male reproductive system prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
26.03.202610:30 - 12:00lecturePhysiology of pregnancy, delivery and neonate prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
631.03.202612:30 - 14:00lectureSensory Physiology - Vision doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
01.04.202612:30 - 14:00lectureGeneral Principles of Neuronal Functions doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
02.04.202610:30 - 12:00nothingNo lecture 
707.04.202612:30 - 14:00lectureMembrane Potentials, Integrative Function of Neuronal Circuits doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
08.04.202612:30 - 14:00lectureSynaptic Transmission, Neuromediators doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
09.04.202610:30 - 12:00lectureFundamental Principles of Neuronal Function: Mechanisms, Communication, and Integration in the Nervous System doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
814.04.202612:30 - 14:00lecturePain doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
15.04.202612:30 - 14:00lectureAuditory system, Vestibular System prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
16.04.202610:30 - 12:00lectureSensory Pathways in the Central Nervous System: Exploring the Lemniscal and Anterolateral Systems in Proprioception and Nociception, the Thalamus's Role in Sensory Perception, and the Functions of the Reticular Formationdoc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
921.04.202612:30 - 14:00lectureReflex Arc, Spinal cord Reflexes doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
22.04.202612:30 - 14:00lectureCerebral Cortex - Motor Aspects prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
23.04.202610:30 - 12:00lectureThe Spinal Cord: Its Role in Motor Systems, Reflex Mechanisms, and Neural Pathways - An Overview of Ascending and Descending Tracts, Neuronal Populations, and Spinal Shock doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
1028.04.202612:30 - 14:00lectureCerebellum and its integrative Funtions doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
29.04.202612:30 - 14:00lectureSensitive and Motor Systems review doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
30.04.202610:30 - 12:00lectureThe Physiology of Behavior: Exploring Motivation, Emotion, Instincts, and the Role of Reflexes as Fundamental Units of the Central Nervous Systemdoc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
1105.05.202612:30 - 14:00lectureAutonomic System review doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
06.05.202612:30 - 14:00lectureLimbic system Physiology prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
07.05.202610:30 - 12:00lectureThe Mechanisms of Learning and Memory: Exploring the Theories of Pavlov, Skinner, and Banduradoc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
1212.05.202612:30 - 14:00lecturePhysiology of Behavior doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
13.05.202612:30 - 14:00nothingNo Lecture  
14.05.202610:30 - 12:00lectureLearning and Memory prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
1319.05.202612:30 - 14:00lectureHighest function of the CNS, language doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
20.05.202612:30 - 14:00lectureEEG, waking and sleeping, consciousness prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
21.05.202610:30 - 12:00lectureComprehensive Review of Central Nervous System: Insights and Consultations doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
1426.05.202612:30 - 14:00lectureNew and Review: Physiology of Aging doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
27.05.202612:30 - 14:00lectureNew and Review: Pediatric Physiology prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Pokorný, DrSc. 
28.05.202610:30 - 12:00lectureGet Ready for Final: Metabolism (Liver, Thyroid gland, adipose tissue) doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
1502.06.202612:30 - 14:00lectureGet Ready for Final: Comparison of membrane potentials of various types doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
03.06.202612:30 - 14:00lectureGet Ready for Final: Physiological Regulations of oxygen delivery doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
04.06.202610:30 - 12:00lectureComprehensive Review of Major Physiological Systems: Insights and Consultations doc. MUDr. Vladimír Riljak, Ph.D. 
 
Charles University | Information system of Charles University | http://www.cuni.cz/UKEN-329.html