Poslední úprava: doc. RNDr. Vojtěch Kubíček, Ph.D. (10.10.2013)
1. Introduction
Vectors and matrices. Systems of coordinates. Transformation of coordinates.
2. Molecule as System of Points in Space
Metric stereochemistry. Atomic coordinates. Calculation of bond distances and angles. Dihedral (torsion) angles. Planes. Coordination polyhedra. Topographic stereochemistry. Bailar tables.
3. Symmetry.
Historical survey. Elements and operations of symmetry (simple and composed). Point goups of symmetry.
4. Chirality
Isomerism. Type of isomerism. Chirality and prochirality. Central chirality. Axial chirality. Planar chirality. Helicity. Stereochemical nomenclature.
5. Electronegativity
6. Chemical Bond
Types of bonds according to
– directionality
– electronegativity
– multiplicity
Bond in metals. Ionic bond: ionic radii, lattice energy, basic structural types, polarisation.
Covalent bond: hybridization, σ- and π- interaction, multi-centre bonds. Bonding in coordination compounds.
7. Week bonding interactions.
Hydrogen bond. Van der Waals interaction. π-interaction of stacked aromatic rings.
8. Ring systems in inorganic and organic chemistry.
Strain in rings. Different types of rings. Aromatic systems. Macrocycles. Molecular chains and knots.
9. Stereochemistry of Main Group Elements.
Theoretical models and prediction. Free electron pairs and their role. Systematic stereochemistry of elements (1. - 8. groups).
10. Transition Elements.
Systematic stereochemistry of elements (1. - 8. groups)
11. Special Topics.
Boranes. Metal carbonyls. Compounds with π-ligands. Clusters. Heteropolyacids and their salts.