PředmětyPředměty(verze: 945)
Předmět, akademický rok 2023/2024
   Přihlásit přes CAS
Pathobiochemistry 3 - Biochemical Disorders - B82433
Anglický název: Pathobiochemistry 3 - Biochemical Disorders
Zajišťuje: Ústav lékařské biochemie a laboratorní diagnostiky 1. LF UK a VFN (11-00410)
Fakulta: 1. lékařská fakulta
Platnost: od 2023
Semestr: zimní
Body: 2
E-Kredity: 2
Způsob provedení zkoušky: zimní s.:
Rozsah, examinace: zimní s.:15/0, Zk [HS]
Rozsah za akademický rok: 15 [hodiny]
Počet míst: 55
Minimální obsazenost: neomezen
4EU+: ne
Virtuální mobilita / počet míst pro virtuální mobilitu: ne
Stav předmětu: vyučován
Jazyk výuky: angličtina
Způsob výuky: prezenční
Způsob výuky: prezenční
Vysvětlení: MUDr. Jan Pláteník, Ph.D.. Please choose only one of the three Pathobiochemistry
Další informace: http://ulbld.lf1.cuni.cz/
Poznámka: povolen pro zápis po webu
Garant: prof. MUDr. Tomáš Zima, DrSc., MBA
Patří mezi: Compulsory elective for GM 3.y.
Atributy: Lékařství
Teoretický předmět
Neslučitelnost : B82431, B82432
Prerekvizity : B83120
Je neslučitelnost pro: B82712, B82432, B82431
Je záměnnost pro: B80925
Ve slož. prerekvizitě: B80114, B82711
Anotace - angličtina
Poslední úprava: MUDr. Jan Pláteník, Ph.D. (04.09.2013)
In order to maintain health and physiological function, any living organism is forced to regulate many parameters of its internal environment, such as pH of body fluids, delivery of oxygen to tissues, and redox potential (production of reactive oxygen species). Unwanted spontaneous oxidations and glycations, which can damage biomolecules, must be controlled. The biomolecules are constantly subject of repair or replacement processes. This maintenance of body structural and chemical integrity is costly and has its limits, whose exceeding leads to development of many significant human diseases and pathological states, and also to physiological ageing.
Sylabus - angličtina
Poslední úprava: MUDr. Jan Pláteník, Ph.D. (11.11.2014)

Disorders of acid-base balance.

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the body, the antioxidant defence.

Ageing.

Non-enzymatic glycations, insulinoresistance, metabolic syndrome.

Inflammation.

Disorders of protein folding and their clinical consequences. Prions.

Death of heart and neuronal cell: ischemia/reperfusion, excitotoxicity and neurodegeneration.

Literatura - angličtina
Poslední úprava: MUDr. Lenka Fialová, CSc. (26.09.2019)

Pláteník J. et al.: Pathobiochemistry of metabolic disorders, inner environment and limits of its maintenance, Karolinum, Prague (release scheduled for the end of 2019).

Lecture presentation [online], [cit. 2019-01-02]. Retrieved from: https://ulbld.lf1.cuni.cz/en/lecture-presentations-pbch

Podmínky zakončení předmětu - angličtina
Poslední úprava: MUDr. Jan Pláteník, Ph.D. (01.12.2020)

The subjects ends with an examination.

A student can take an examination in a subject for three times as a maximum, i.e. the student is entitled to two re-examinations, and no extraordinary terms beyond that are allowed. In case of the second re-examination in a mandatory or elective subject the student is examined by a committee consisting of at least two examiners. If the internal faculty regulations (Article 19, Paragraph 2), permit repeated registration for the subject, the examination by the committee shall be applied only to the second re-examination in case of the repeatedly registered subject. By this a right of the faculty to enable examination by the committee in other cases, if implied by the internal regulations (Article 19, Paragraph 2), is not affected.

If a student fails to answer a partial question at the exam, it is sufficient as a cause for termination of examination and classification of the whole exam as ‘failed’.     

Požadavky ke zkoušce - angličtina
Poslední úprava: MUDr. Lenka Fialová, CSc. (05.11.2020)

 

1.       Metabolic acidosis, its causes and consequences.

2.       Metabolic alkalosis, its causes and consequences.

3.       Combined disorders of acid-base equilibrium.

4.       Relations between acid-base equilibrium and concentration of ions. Changes in ionogram in disorders of acid-base equilibrium. Changes in acid-base equilibrium in disorders of ion metabolism.

5.       Principal reactive oxygen and nitrogen species: properties, reactions, main sources in the body, role in pathogenesis.

6.       Physiological role of reactive oxygen species in metabolism: tissue hormones, phagocyte weapons, hydroxylases, redox signaling.

7.       Lipid peroxidation as an example of oxidative damage to biomolecules. Significance of transition metals (iron, copper) in pathobiochemistry of reactive oxygen species.

8.       Antioxidant defense of human body.

9.       Difference between average life expectancy and maximum lifespan. Biochemical basis of ageing, sources of errors, role of genes.

10.   Ageing at the level of cells and tissues: mitochondrial dysfunction, consequences of DNA damage, role of telomeres.

11.   Ageing at the level of cells and tissues: cellular senescence, alteration of epigenome, collapse of proteostasis, inflammaging.

12.   Theories that explain evolution of ageing. Effect of caloric restriction. Hormesis.

13.   Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance: characteristics, causes, consequences, possible therapeutic applications.

14.   Formation of AGEs, interaction AGE-RAGE, potential mechanisms to reduce formation/effect of AGEs.

15.   Mechanisms of hyperglycemia-induced tissue damage.

16.   Carbonyl stress, its role in pathogenesis of long-term diabetic complications, atherosclerosis and renal failure.

17.   Pathobiochemistry of inflammation – acute phase reactants, immunoglobulins.

18.   Pathobiochemistry of inflammation – mediators of inflammation, alarmins.

19.   Pathobiochemistry of inflammation – significance od complement and its activation.

20.   Pathobiochemistry of inflammation – metabolic changes during inflammation, stress starvation.

21.   Rules of protein folding.

22.   Role of chaperones, proteasomes and lysosomes in the cell. Endoplasmic reticulum stress.

23.   Mechanism of prion diseases.

24.   Origins of pathological conformation of proteins and examples of clinical consequences.

25.   Metabolic alterations in myocardium during anoxia and ischemia: limits of energy production, catabolism of purine nucleotides.

26.   Metabolic alterations in myocardium during anoxia and ischemia: mitochondrial ATPase, myoglobin and NO, acidosis, ion gradients.

27.   Reoxygenation and reperfusion injury.

28.   Excitotoxicity in pathogenesis of CNS disorders.

  

 

At the oral examination student chooses by chance a doublet of questions. 

Rozpis výuky -
Rozpis semestrální
Výukový týden Datum Od - Do Typ výuky Téma Učitel Soubory Poznámka Hodnocení
202.10.202316:15 - 17:45přednáškaDisorders of acid-base balanceMUDr. Martin Vejražka, Ph.D. 
průměr: 3, hodnoceno: 3x
309.10.202316:15 - 17:45přednáškaReactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the body, the antioxidant defenceMUDr. Jan Pláteník, Ph.D. 
průměr: 5, hodnoceno: 4x
416.10.202316:15 - 17:45přednáškaAgeingMUDr. Jan Pláteník, Ph.D. 
průměr: 5, hodnoceno: 3x
523.10.202316:15 - 17:45přednáškaNon-enzymatic glycations, insulinoresistance, metabolic syndromeMUDr. Jan Krtil 
průměr: 2, hodnoceno: 3x
630.10.202316:15 - 17:45přednáškaInflammationprof. MUDr. Marta Kalousová, Ph.D. 
průměr: 4, hodnoceno: 2x
706.11.202316:15 - 17:45přednáškaDeath of heart and neuronal cell: ischemia/reperfusion, excitotoxicity and neurodegenerationMUDr. Jan Pláteník, Ph.D. 
průměr: 5, hodnoceno: 1x
813.11.202316:15 - 17:45přednáškaDisorders of protein folding and their clinical consequences. Prionsprof. MUDr. Jiří Jonák, DrSc. 
průměr: 5, hodnoceno: 1x
 
Univerzita Karlova | Informační systém UK