Vývoj ochrany civilistů v rámci mírových misí OSN

• Název práce v češtině: Vývoj ochrany civilistů v rámci mírových misí OSN
• Název v anglickém jazyce: The Evolution of Civilian Protection in UN Peace Missions
• Klíčová slova: Organizace spojených národů, mise, civilista, ochrana, mírové operace, mandát
• Klíčová slova anglicky: United Nations, mission, civilian, protection, peacekeeping, mandate
• Akademický rok vypsání: 2021/2022
• Typ práce: diplomová práce
• Jazyk práce: čeština
• Ústav: Katedra mezinárodních vztahů (23-KMV)
• Vedoucí / školitel: JUDr. Mgr. Miroslav Pulgret, Ph.D.
• Řešitel: skrytý - zadáno vedoucím/školitelem
• Datum přihlášení: 10.09.2021
• Datum zadání: 29.09.2022
• Datum a čas obhajoby: 18.09.2023 07:00
• Místo konání obhajoby: Jinonice - U Kříže 8, Praha 5
• Datum odevzdání elektronické podoby: 01.08.2023
• Datum proběhlé obhajoby: 18.09.2023
• Oponenti: PhDr. Radana Makariusová, Ph.D.

Seznam odborné literatury

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BOULDEN, Jane. United Nations Operation in the Congo (ONUC). In: KOOPS, Joachim et al. The Oxford Handbook of United Nations Peacekeeping Operations [online]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014, s. 160-170. ISBN 9780191766404. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686049.001.0001.

BUREŠ, Oldřich. Operace na udržení míru OSN. Olomouc: Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci, 2007. ISBN 978-80-244-1810-0.

CAVERZASIO, Sylvie Giossi. Stengthening Protection in War: A search for Professional Standards: Summary of Discussions Among Human Rights and Humanitarian Organizations: Workshops at the ICRC 1996-2000 [online]. Geneva: International Committee of the Red Cross, 2001. Dostupné z: https://shop.icrc.org/download/ebook?sku=0783/002-ebook.

DAY, Adam. Peacekeeping Without a Partner: A Review of UNAMID’s Political Strategy in Darfur. In: DAY, Adam et al. The Political Practice of Peacekeeping: How Strategies for Peace Operations are Developed and Implemented [online]. New York: United Nations University, 2020, s. 44-63. Dostupné z: https://i.unu.edu/media/cpr.unu.edu/attachment/4416/Darfur.pdf.

DE KONING, Cedric et al. Mission-Wide Strategies for the Protection of Civilians: A Comparison of MONUC, UNAMID and UNMIS [online]. Oslo: Norwegian Institute of International Affairs, 2011. Dostupné z: https://ciaotest.cc.columbia.edu/wps/nupi/0022625/f_0022625_18616.pdf.

DIEHL, Paul F. Peace Operations [online]. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2008. ISBN 978-07456-4206-2.
DOYLE, Michael W. a Nicholas SAMBANIS. The UN Record on Peacekeeping Operations. International Journal [online]. 2007, 62(3). Dostupné z: http://www.jstor.org/stable/40184857.

FOLEY, Conor. UN Peacekeeping Operations and the Protection of Civilians: Saving Succeeding Generations [online]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017. ISBN 9781108416245. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108236126.

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HOLT, Victoria a Glyn TAYLOR. Protecting Civilians in the Context of UN Peacekeeping Operations: Successes, Setbacks and Remaining Challenges [online]. New York: Department of Peacekeeping Operations and the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, 2009. ISBN 9789211320299. Dostupné z: https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/52399ae24.pdf.

HOWARD, Lise M. United Nations Transition Assistance Group (UNTAG). In: The Oxford Handbook of United Nations Peacekeeping Operations [online]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014, s. 306-313. ISBN 9780191766404. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686049.001.0001.

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KHALIL, Mona Ali. Legal Aspects of the Use of Force by United Nations Peacekeepers for the Protection of Civilians. In: WILLMOT, Haidi et al. Protection of Civilians [online]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016, s. 205-223. ISBN 9780191796180. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198729266.003.0010.

KOOPS, Joachim et al. The Oxford Handbook of United Nations Peacekeeping Operations [online]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. ISBN 9780191766404. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686049.001.0001.

KURTZ, Lester. Encyclopedia of violence peace and conflict. Academic Press. ISBN 9780123695031.

LANZ, David. African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID). In: KOOPS, Joachim et al. The Oxford Handbook of United Nations Peacekeeping Operations [online]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014, s. 770-790. ISBN 9780191766404. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686049.001.0001.

MAMIYA, Ralph. A History and Conceptual Development of the Protection of Civilians. In: WILLMOT, Haidi et al. Protection of Civilians [online]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016, s. 63-87. ISBN 9780191796180. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198729266.003.0004.

MELVERN, Linda. United Nations Observer Mission Uganda–Rwanda (UNOMUR) and United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda I (UNAMIR I). In: KOOPS, Jonathan et al. The Oxford Handbook of United Nations Peacekeeping Operations [online]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014, s. 462-471. ISBN 9780191766404. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686049.001.0001.

NOVOSSELOFF, Alexandra. United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL I). In: KOOPS, Jonathan et al. The Oxford Handbook of United Nations Peacekeeping Operations [online]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014, s. 248-260. ISBN 9780191766404. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686049.001.0001.

NSIA-PEPRA, Kofi. UN Robust Peacekeeping: Civilian Protection in Violent Civil Wars [online]. New York: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN, 2014. ISBN 978-1-137-46313-5.

OLONISAKIN, Funmi. United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL). In: KOOPS, Jonathan et al. The Oxford Handbook of United Nations Peacekeeping Operations [online]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014, s. 629-64. ISBN 9780191766404. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686049.001.0001.

OSWALD, Bruce et al. Documents on the Law of UN Peace Operations. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010. ISBN 978-0-19-957126-0.
PUGH, Michael. The UN, Peace and Force. Portland: Frank Cass&Co.Ltd., 1997. ISBN 0714643203.

SILANDER, Daniel a John JANZEKOVIC. Responsibility to Protect and Prevent: Principles, Promises and Practicalities. B.m.: Anthem Press, 2013. ISBN 9780857280787. Dostupné z: https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/responsibility-to-protect-and-prevent/6E289EA75FCB5EF897B1E9B4BA9B3E96.

SLIM, Hugo. Civilians, Distinction, and the Compassionate View of War. In: WILLMOT, Haidi et al. Protection of Civilians [online]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016, s. 11-28. ISBN 9780191796180. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198729266.003.0002.

TARDY, Thierry. United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR—Bosnia-Herzegovina). In: KOOPS, Joachim et al. The Oxford Handbook of United Nations Peacekeeping Operations [online]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014, s. 383-395. ISBN 9780191766404. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686049.001.0001.

WEISS, Thomas G. Peace Operations and Humanitarian Interventions. In: KOOPS, Jonathan et al. The Oxford Handbook of United Nations Peacekeeping Operations [online]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014, s. 78-92. [cit. 2023-07-30]. ISBN 9780191766404. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686049.001.0001

WHITE, Nigel D. Peacekeeping and International Law. In: KOOPS, Joachim et al. The Oxford Handbook of United Nations Peacekeeping Operations [online]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014, s. 43-60. ISBN 9780191766404. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686049.001.0001.

WILLMOT, Haidi a Scott SHEERAN. The protection of civilians mandate in UN peacekeeping operations: reconciling protection concepts and practices. International Review of the Red Cross [online]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013, 95, s. 517–538. Dostupné z: doi:10.1017/S1816383114000095.

Právní dokumenty
Charter of the International Military Tribunal - Annex to the Agreement for the prosecution and punishment of the major war criminals of the European Axis ("London Agreement"), 1945. Dostupné z: https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b39614.html.

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Sdělení č. 169/1991 Sb., o Opčním protokolu k Mezinárodnímu paktu o občanských a politických právech. [online]. Wolters Kluwer [cit. 2023-7-24]. ISSN 2336-517X. Dostupné z: https://www.aspi.cz/products/lawText/1/39172/1/2/sdeleni-c-169-1991-sb-o-opcnim-protokolu-k-mezinarodnimu-paktu-o-obcanskych-a-politickych-pravech/sdeleni-c-169-1991-sb-o-opcnim-protokolu-k-mezinarodnimu-paktu-o-obcanskych-a-politickych-pravech.

Doumenty OSN
Rezoluce OSN
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United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) Resolution (2007) UN Doc A/HRC/5/L.2
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Další dokumenty OSN
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BOUTROS-GHALI, Boutros. An agenda for peace: preventive diplomacy, peacemaking and peace-keeping: report of the Secretary-General pursuant to the statement adopted by the Summit Meeting of the Security Council on 31 January 1992, UN Doc A/47/277

Certain Expenses of the United Nations (Article 17, paragraph 2, of the Charter)
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Předběžná náplň práce

Diplomová práce se zabývá vývojem ochrany civilního obyvatelstva v rámci mírových misí OSN. Za účelem komplexního uchopení tématu se v teoretické části věnuje historii ochrany civilistů a jejímu normativnímu zakotvení, ale i konceptualizaci mírových operací OSN. Hlavním cílem práce je analyzovat proměny přístupu k ochraně civilistů v rámci tří generací mírových operací OSN a identifikovat klíčové momenty tohoto vývoje. Zároveň je sledována role neúspěchů v mírových operacích OSN, důvody těchto selhání a jejich vliv na mandáty následujících misí. Mapování vývoje ochrany civilistů se opírá o analýzu rezolucí a dalších dokumentů OSN, ale i tři případové studie klíčových mírových operací ONUC v Kongu, UPROFOR v Bosně a Hercegovině a UNAMID v súdánském Dárfúru. Analyzovány jsou i mise s mandátem na ochranu civilistů jako nový fenomén třetí generace mírových operací. Diskutovány jsou i převládající trendy a možné limitace těchto mandátů.

Předběžná náplň práce v anglickém jazyce

Diploma thesis examines the evolution of the protection of civilians in UN peacekeeping operations. To approach the topic comprehensively, the theoretical part covers the history of the protection of civilians and its normative framework, as well as the conceptualization of UN peacekeeping operations. The main objective of the thesis is to analyze the changes in the approach to the protection of civilians across three generations of UN peacekeeping operations and to identify the key moments of this evolution. It also traces the role of failures in UN peacekeeping operations, the reasons for these failures, and their impact on the mandates of subsequent missions. Mapping the evolution of the protection of civilians relies on the analysis of resolutions and other UN documents, as well as three case studies of key peacekeeping operations: ONUC in Congo, UPROFOR in Bosnia-Herzegovina, and UNAMID in Darfur, Sudan. Missions with a mandate to protect civilians, as a new phenomenon of third-generation peace operations, are also analyzed. Prevailing trends and possible limitations of these mandates are also discussed.