Impact of Modernization on Consumption in Russia

• Název práce v češtině: Dopad modernizace na spotřebu v Rusku
• Název v anglickém jazyce: Impact of Modernization on Consumption in Russia
• Klíčová slova anglicky: Consumption, Household expenditure, Consumer spending, Modernization, Empirical studies, Regional economic growth, Convergence, Post-materialism, Russia, Democratization, Consumption patterns
• Akademický rok vypsání: 2017/2018
• Typ práce: bakalářská práce
• Jazyk práce: angličtina
• Ústav: Institut ekonomických studií (23-IES)
• Vedoucí / školitel: doc. Ing. Tomáš Cahlík, CSc.
• Řešitel: skrytý - zadáno vedoucím/školitelem
• Datum přihlášení: 31.05.2018
• Datum zadání: 31.05.2018
• Datum a čas obhajoby: 07.09.2021 09:00
• Místo konání obhajoby: Opletalova - Opletalova 26, O206, Opletalova - místn. č. 206
• Datum odevzdání elektronické podoby: 27.07.2021
• Datum proběhlé obhajoby: 07.09.2021
• Oponenti: Mgr. Barbara Pertold-Gebicka, M.A., Ph.D.

Seznam odborné literatury

Chung, Y. (1998). Culture and consumption expenditure patterns: comparison between Korean and United States households. Journal Of Consumer Studies And Home Economics, 22(1), 39-50. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2737.1998.00006.x

Hamilton, G., & Swedberg, R. (2000). Max Weber and the Idea of Economic Sociology. Contemporary Sociology, 29(2), 368. doi: 10.2307/2654409

Inkeles, A. (1975). Becoming Modern: Individual Change in Six Developing Countries. Ethos, 3(2), 323-342. doi: 10.1525/eth.1975.3.2.02a00160

Mankiw, N., Romer, D., & Weil, D. (1992). A Contribution to the Empirics of Economic Growth. The Quarterly Journal Of Economics, 107(2), 407-437. doi: 10.2307/2118477

Quah, D. (1993). Galton's Fallacy and Tests of the Convergence Hypothesis. The Scandinavian Journal Of Economics, 95(4), 427. doi: 10.2307/3440905

Rostow, W. (1960). The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto. International Journal.

Sala-i-Martin, X. (1996). Regional cohesion: evidence and theories of regional growth and convergence. European Economic Review, 40(6), 1325-1352. doi: 10.1016/0014-2921(95)00029-1

Sarle, W., Jain, A., & Dubes, R. (1990). Algorithms for Clustering Data. Technometrics, 32(2), 227. doi: 10.2307/1268876

So, A. (2003). Social change and development. Newbury Park, Calif: SAGE Publications.

Welzel, C., Inglehart, R., & Kligemann, H. (2003). The theory of human development: A cross-cultural analysis. European Journal Of Political Research, 42(3), 341-379. doi: 10.1111/1475-6765.00086

Předběžná náplň práce v anglickém jazyce

Research question and motivation:
The purpose of this paper is to compare consumption patterns of constituent entities of the Russian Federation during the period 2008-2016 to know if there is a tendency in household expenditures and if consumer spending is related to current theories of modernization.

Modernization is a homogenizing process, hypothetically, it creates tendencies toward convergence among societies; Levy said: “as time goes on, they and we will increasingly resemble one another because the patterns of modernization are such that the more highly modernized societies become, the more they resemble one another” (So, 2003). In a series of economic articles, Quah (1993) among other researchers suggested that, in per capita income, countries do not all necessarily converge to a single steady-state future like many others had argued before (Mankiw et al. 1992).

It is also important to consider other aspects of modernization – cultural and individual values that can also explain changes in the consumption. According to Inglehart, Welzel and Klingemann (2003) when a high level of material has been reached people start focusing on post-material self-expression, meaning that their preferences are shifted as well as their consumption trends, therefore, it can be assumed that each society might have its own consumption patterns based on the social variables.

Contribution:
There are a few significant changes has to be reviewed in modernization theories. The current modernization theory originated from the concepts of German sociologist Max Weber; Another academic, who contributed much to this theory is W. Rostow, who in his work concentrates on the economic side of the modernization, showing fundamental factors for a country to reach the path to it. Comparison between new and old approaches will be rolled out to understand why certain indicators will be taken and why they wouldn’t be relevant before. Other literature will be mentioned for a better reference on consumption expenditure patterns.

In this research, it will be investigated if these theories of modernization continue having validity, and if there are common consumption patterns that entities move toward. It can help to forecast future household expenditures and understand societal changes; this knowledge can be beneficial not only for economists and sociologist but also for the political science, where ideological evolution, human values can contribute to better understanding of political transitions, like democratization. Businesswise, understanding consumer behavior and consumption patterns can help marketers implement right strategies targeting the right audience.

Methodology:
All data will be obtained from Federal State Statistics Service, which is a credible and reliable source. Consumption expenditures are sorted out by the Classification of Individual Consumption by purpose. The hierarchical conglomerate analysis will be conducted to categorize individuals into groups according to behavior on a series of variables. Then larger groups will be tested. Factor analysis will show underlying dimensions to the variables that will help to explain the differences found among the entities. Then, the bivariate correlation will represent the relationship between certain economic, demographic indicators and obtained dimensions.

Outline:
1. Introduction. Household consumption and modernization theories are mentioned in details to make it easier for the reader to understand hypotheses and work. Motivation and brief cultural aspects of Russia will be mentioned.
2. Literature review. All relevant journals, articles will be summarized for further analysis and the better understanding of the topic.
3. Data and Methodology description.
4. Empirical Analysis. Cluster analysis – hierarchical conglomerate analysis, bivariate correlations, etc.
5. Discussion of the results and limitations of the research.
6. Conclusion and recommendations for further research.
7. Acknowledgments, references, appendix.