Immigration waves and the policy-response of the U.S.: A Study of Mexican Immigrants in the U.S.
| Název práce v češtině: | Imigrační vlny a politická reakce USA: Studie mexických přistěhovalců ve Spojených státech amerických. |
|---|---|
| Název v anglickém jazyce: | Immigration waves and the policy-response of the U.S.: A Study of Mexican Immigrants in the U.S. |
| Akademický rok vypsání: | 2019/2020 |
| Typ práce: | diplomová práce |
| Jazyk práce: | angličtina |
| Ústav: | Katedra politologie (23-KP) |
| Vedoucí / školitel: | PhDr. Malvína Krausz Hladká, Ph.D. |
| Řešitel: | skrytý - zadáno vedoucím/školitelem |
| Datum přihlášení: | 17.01.2020 |
| Datum zadání: | 17.01.2020 |
| Datum a čas obhajoby: | 25.06.2021 08:00 |
| Místo konání obhajoby: | Pekařská 16, JPEK314, 314, Malá učebna, 3.patro |
| Datum odevzdání elektronické podoby: | 04.05.2021 |
| Datum proběhlé obhajoby: | 25.06.2021 |
| Oponenti: | Mgr. Bohumil Doboš, Ph.D. |
| Kontrola URKUND: | |
| Zásady pro vypracování |
| Hypothesis:
1. Hypothesis #1: The United States has a strong pragmatism on the issue of Mexican immigration, economic development and social needs shape the political attitude towards immigration 2. Hypothesis #2: America's initial tightening of its immigration policy towards Mexico spurred an increase in illegal immigration 3. Hypothesis #3:Legalize illegal immigrants brings more benefits then disadvantages to American society Methodology: Two methodologies are used in this paper. Literature research and case analysis method. When it comes to the first method, I have collected a large number of books and papers related to this topic from the American academic circle, through which I have obtained first-hand information. These resources cover a wide range to sub-topic: migration history, economic impact, policy analysis, cultural conflicts and international relation, etc. They can not only help to analyze the impact of Latin American immigrants on the United States at the macro level, but also provide reference opinions at micro level. Some earlier studies have lacked timeliness, so I supplemented with data collection method. Through the United States official website data statistics, the information collection will be more accurate and targeted. For instance, some relevant data are from government agencies like: Bureau of the Census, US Department of Homeland Security; or other private research institutions like the Pew Hispanic center. On the second method, Mexican immigration to the US was cited as a case study to understand the impact of migration across the whole Latin America region. Mexico, as a neighbor of the US, has geographical advantages in immigration and it is also a transit country for immigrants to enter into the United States. This is what made the Mexican immigration the most representative case. When study how the U.S. government deals with illegal immigration, different leaders have their own style, in my research I chose the policies of Obama administration as a case study of how the U.S. government has responded to this issue. |
| Seznam odborné literatury |
| 1. Douglas S. Massey, Jorge urand and Nolan J. Malone. Beyond Smoke and Mirrors: Mexican Immigrations in An Era id Economic Integration[M]. New York: Russel Sage Foundation, 2002.
2. Alam M. Garcia. The Mexican Americans[M]. Westport: Greenwood Press, 2002. 3. Edward Ashbee, The Politics, Economics, and Culture of Mexican-US Migration[M]. New York: Palgrave Macmillan,2007 4. Maria Luisa Amado, Mexican Immigration in the Labor Market, New York: LFB Scholarly pub.LLC, 2006. 5. Georges Vernez, the United States Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, Rand/rp-265. 6. Jonathan Xavier Inda, Targeting Immigrants, Oxford:Blackwell Pub,2006. 7. Frank D. Bean, Barry Edmonstan, and Jeffery S. Passel, Undocumented Migration to the United States, MP: Distributed by University Press of America, 1990. 8. Cynthia S. Becker, Immigration and Illegal Aliens, Detroit:Gale Group, 2006. 9. Halen Hayes, US Immigration Policy and the Undocumented, Praeger Publishers, 88 Post Road West, 2001. 10. Julia Buxton. Forward into History: Understanding Obama’s Latin American Policy[J]. Latin America Perspectives, Vol. 38, No.4 (July, 2011). |
| Předběžná náplň práce |
| Trump’s ‘deglobalized’ management style has made issues of race and immigration more sensitive and
led to hug debates. When studying immigration issues, the United State can be a good research object, and Mexico, as a neighboring country, could be an excellent case study of cross-border migration. My paper will focus on the influence of Mexican immigration on the United States. It was a long history that Mexicans immigrating to the United States, and as the largest group of immigrants in the American society, they have exerted a great influence on the U.S., culturally, economically, demographically, socially, or even on the policy and legislation level. Therefore, the study of Mexican immigration to the United States has a special realistic and academic significance. In general, scholars mainly focus on five aspects in this field: Immigration Policy; Mexican Immigration and the national character of the United States; Mexican migrant labor market; Relational network of Mexican immigrants, and the assimilation of Mexican immigrants. These scholars’ years of painstaking research have given me a great deal of valuable knowledge and a deeper understanding of the issue of immigration. Samuel Huntington, in his book Who are we: The Challenges to America’s national identity, he points out the challenges to the national identity of the United States, and argues in Chapter 9 that there threats are partly due to the social changes brought by Hispanic immigration that have influenced the Anglo-protestant culture, which would cause a divided and declining America. Meanwhile, some of the research institutions provide me reliable data when I search for any related information on this field, such as Center for Immigration Studies (CIS), The Pew Hispanic Center (PEW), Migration Policy Institute (MPI), etc. However, the impact of Mexican immigration and issues of assimilation cannot be separated from several generations of Mexicans. Due to different purpose of immigration, or because Hispanics were born in the U.S. and influenced by American cultural values, there are some difficulties in studying these immigrants. This paper mainly focus on the subsistence immigrants, that is , immigrants who come to the United States to improve their economic conditions. There is a problem with incomplete accuracy in statistics. As for the immigration statistics, different data sources represent the different demographic composition, and the research objects and scale of various institutions also have deviations. Moreover, because of its particularity, it is impossible for any one to make accurate statistics on the number of illegal immigrants. Mexican immigrants have brought a lot of impacts to the American society, the immigration waves after the establishment of the border between two sides fully illustrated the huge impact. From the initial family reunion to the seasonal temporary work program, and then the flood of illegal immigration, all brought profound economic and social consequences. Moreover, because of the huge size of population, the migration has been subjected to political interference. For decades, illegal immigrants have always been the focus of the American government, and the influx of stowaways has brought various negative effects to the American society.Successive governments have put in place various measures to combat illegal immigration, but the problem has never been eradicated. It is worth mentioning that two immigration laws have had a profound impact on the United States. One was the 1965 Immigration Act, a turning point in immigration policy that abolished quotas based on ethnic origin and ended unrestricted immigration into the Western Hemisphere. In the same way, the main source of immigrants to the United States changed from Europe to Asia and Latin America, but this policy also led to the flood of illegal immigrants. So the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 was created to address the problem of illegal immigration. The sweeping law has eased some of the pressure on the United States to crack down on illegal immigration, but the results have been disappointing. Instead, it has led to an even bigger wave of illegal immigration. In addition, bilateral anti-drug cooperation also has a more far-reaching political intention, strategic considerations, and other issues are worth in depth exploration. |
| Předběžná náplň práce v anglickém jazyce |
| Trump’s ‘deglobalized’ management style has made issues of race and immigration more sensitive and
led to hug debates. When studying immigration issues, the United State can be a good research object, and Mexico, as a neighboring country, could be an excellent case study of cross-border migration. My paper will focus on the influence of Mexican immigration on the United States. It was a long history that Mexicans immigrating to the United States, and as the largest group of immigrants in the American society, they have exerted a great influence on the U.S., culturally, economically, demographically, socially, or even on the policy and legislation level. Therefore, the study of Mexican immigration to the United States has a special realistic and academic significance. In general, scholars mainly focus on five aspects in this field: Immigration Policy; Mexican Immigration and the national character of the United States; Mexican migrant labor market; Relational network of Mexican immigrants, and the assimilation of Mexican immigrants. These scholars’ years of painstaking research have given me a great deal of valuable knowledge and a deeper understanding of the issue of immigration. Samuel Huntington, in his book Who are we: The Challenges to America’s national identity, he points out the challenges to the national identity of the United States, and argues in Chapter 9 that there threats are partly due to the social changes brought by Hispanic immigration that have influenced the Anglo-protestant culture, which would cause a divided and declining America. Meanwhile, some of the research institutions provide me reliable data when I search for any related information on this field, such as Center for Immigration Studies (CIS), The Pew Hispanic Center (PEW), Migration Policy Institute (MPI), etc. However, the impact of Mexican immigration and issues of assimilation cannot be separated from several generations of Mexicans. Due to different purpose of immigration, or because Hispanics were born in the U.S. and influenced by American cultural values, there are some difficulties in studying these immigrants. This paper mainly focus on the subsistence immigrants, that is , immigrants who come to the United States to improve their economic conditions. There is a problem with incomplete accuracy in statistics. As for the immigration statistics, different data sources represent the different demographic composition, and the research objects and scale of various institutions also have deviations. Moreover, because of its particularity, it is impossible for any one to make accurate statistics on the number of illegal immigrants. Mexican immigrants have brought a lot of impacts to the American society, the immigration waves after the establishment of the border between two sides fully illustrated the huge impact. From the initial family reunion to the seasonal temporary work program, and then the flood of illegal immigration, all brought profound economic and social consequences. Moreover, because of the huge size of population, the migration has been subjected to political interference. For decades, illegal immigrants have always been the focus of the American government, and the influx of stowaways has brought various negative effects to the American society.Successive governments have put in place various measures to combat illegal immigration, but the problem has never been eradicated. It is worth mentioning that two immigration laws have had a profound impact on the United States. One was the 1965 Immigration Act, a turning point in immigration policy that abolished quotas based on ethnic origin and ended unrestricted immigration into the Western Hemisphere. In the same way, the main source of immigrants to the United States changed from Europe to Asia and Latin America, but this policy also led to the flood of illegal immigrants. So the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 was created to address the problem of illegal immigration. The sweeping law has eased some of the pressure on the United States to crack down on illegal immigration, but the results have been disappointing. Instead, it has led to an even bigger wave of illegal immigration. In addition, bilateral anti-drug cooperation also has a more far-reaching political intention, strategic considerations, and other issues are worth in depth exploration. |