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The Activity of Organizations Supporting Civil Society in the Middle East: The Cases of Egypt and Turkey

Název práce v češtině:	Aktivity organizací podporujících občanskou společnost na Blízkém východě: Případ Egypta a Turecka
Název v anglickém jazyce:	The Activity of Organizations Supporting Civil Society in the Middle East: The Cases of Egypt and Turkey
Klíčová slova:	Civil Society, Democracy, Democracy Promotion, Foreign Policy, Democratization, Aid, Authoritarianism, Middle East, Turkey, Egypt
Klíčová slova anglicky:	Civil Society, Democracy, Democracy Promotion, Foreign Policy, Democratization, Aid, Authoritarianism, Middle East, Turkey, Egypt
Akademický rok vypsání:	2017/2018
Typ práce:	diplomová práce
Jazyk práce:	angličtina
Ústav:	Katedra severoamerických studií (23-KAS)
Vedoucí / školitel:	PhDr. Jan Hornát, Ph.D.
Řešitel:	skrytý - zadáno vedoucím/školitelem
Datum přihlášení:	02.01.2018
Datum zadání:	02.01.2018
Datum a čas obhajoby:	10.09.2018 07:15
Místo konání obhajoby:	Jinonice - U Kříže 8, Praha 5, J4020, Jinonice - místn. č. 4020
Datum odevzdání elektronické podoby:	31.07.2018
Datum proběhlé obhajoby:	10.09.2018
Oponenti:	Mgr. Jakub Záhora, Ph.D.



Kontrola URKUND:

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Předběžná náplň práce

First, this thesis will be focused on democracy promotion and civil society as concepts that emerged and occupied a large scholarly literature. I deem this conceptual focus necessary for scholars who closely examine case studies to better understand the concepts and thus better comprehend their contextual applications. Thus, my first chapter will be focused on the evolution of civil society as a concept and how its evolution and long history created ambiguity as well as a vast contemporary literature of debates on the meaning itself. This will be followed by the introduction of the concepts of democracy and authoritarianism in contemporary contexts. Second, the thesis focuses on democracy promotion as a foreign policy (especially through civil society organizations (CSOs)) and how this foreign policy intertwines with the promoter’s own interests. As a result, the second chapter focuses on the democracy promotion of the United States (US) and European Union (EU): how it came about as well as how it is truly applied. This helps to understand the concept (of democracy promotion), which is now considered a political norm, yet its evolution and divergences help one understand contemporary politics. Finally, the last two chapters are case studies focused on both Turkey and Egypt. The choice of the two cases gives a better understanding of the concepts of the first two chapters; thus, their actual application in two different, yet similar, cases. The importance of Turkey lies in its strategic location, it’s North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) membership, it’s housing of millions of refugees and its phenomenal position from a country that the world looked up to as a democratic Middle Eastern country to a backsliding democracy as is reported today of Turkey (for example, the USAID 2017 report refers to Turkey as a backsliding democracy). In Egypt, its location, leadership and vitality for the stability of Israel as well as other Middle Eastern countries makes it is an important country, especially with the sudden fourth wave of the Arab Spring and its deterioration into authoritarianism yet again. Thus, the focus will be domestic politics, civil society and US and EU democracy promotion efforts to those countries. My final chapter is an attempt to try and set a coherent conclusion for this whole project. My sole purpose is to understand as well explain some of the world’s most normative, yet popular, concepts of contemporary politics, those that almost always exist in any revolutionary act against injustice. Thus, I summarily show why one must address these concepts in a narrower context of a specific country’s domestic as well as international politics to understand them. Hence, there are absolutely no generalizations due to the belief that generalizations lead to a misleading conclusion in world politics.

Předběžná náplň práce v anglickém jazyce