A Discourse Analysis of the Crimean Speech: Vladimir Putin's Testimony

• Název práce v češtině: A Discourse Analysis of the Crimean Speech: Vladimir Putin's Testimony
• Název v anglickém jazyce: A Discourse Analysis of the Crimean Speech: Vladimir Putin's Testimony
• Klíčová slova: Putin, Krym, diskurz, Ukrajina, Rusko
• Klíčová slova anglicky: Putin, Crimea, discourse, Ukraine, Russia
• Akademický rok vypsání: 2014/2015
• Typ práce: diplomová práce
• Jazyk práce: angličtina
• Ústav: Katedra mezinárodních vztahů (23-KMV)
• Vedoucí / školitel: doc. PhDr. Vít Střítecký, M.Phil., Ph.D.
• Řešitel: skrytý - zadáno vedoucím/školitelem
• Datum přihlášení: 29.06.2015
• Datum zadání: 29.06.2015
• Datum a čas obhajoby: 07.09.2017 10:00
• Místo konání obhajoby: Jinonice - U Kříže 8, J4019, Jinonice - místn. č. 4019
• Datum odevzdání elektronické podoby: 30.07.2017
• Datum proběhlé obhajoby: 07.09.2017
• Oponenti: doc. PhDr. Ondřej Ditrych, M.Phil., Ph.D.

Seznam odborné literatury

Abdulganiyev, K. (2002). Institutional development of the Crimean Tatar National Movement.
International Committee for Crimea.
Abramson, S. F., & Carter, D. D. (2015). The Historical Origins of Territorial Disputes. Princeton .
Adam J. L. Harris, A. S. (2009). Because Hitler did it! Quantitative tests of Bayesian argumentation
using Ad Hominem. London: University College London.
Antonenko, O. (2007). Russia and the Deadlock over Kosovo. Survival 49.3, pp. 91-106.
Arad, Y. (2010). In the Shadow of the Red Banner: Soviet Jews in the War against Nazi Gemany.
Jerusalem: Gefen House.
Ascherson, N. (2001). Chersonesus: public archaeology on the Black Sea coast . Archeology
International , 54-56.
Ashford, E. (2016). Not-So-Smart Sanctions: The Failure of Western Restrictions Against Russia.
Foreign Aff. 95 , 114-123.
Baker, P. e. (2008). A useful methodological synergy? Combining critical discourse analysis and
corpus linguistics to examine discourses of refugees and asylum seekers in the UK press.
Discourse & Society 19.3, 273-306.
BBC. ( March 9, 2015). "Putin Reveals Secrets of Russia's Crimea Takeover Plot." . BBC News .
BCK, В. С. ( 1992, May 05). Об Акте о провозглашении государственной
самостоятельности Республики Крым. Retrieved from Верховна Рада України:
http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/krym/show/rb0072002-
92?test=4/UMfPEGznhhnH/.Ziq5u0IqHI452s80msh8Ie6
Bellal, A. (2015). The War Report: Armed Conflict in 2014. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
Bergström, C. (2007). Stalingrad – The Air Battle: 1942 through January 1943. Hinkley: Midland
Puplishing.
Bjelica, S. (2014). The discourse analysis of masiculine representation of Vladimir Putin . Free
Univeristy of Berlin .
Bohlen, C. (1994, March 23). Russia vs. Ukraine: A Case of the Crimean Jitters. The New York
Times.
Bond, I. C. (March 2015). : The politics and economics of sanctions against Russia. Centre for
European Reform, 1-23.
96
Britannica, E. (2016). Anschluss. Retrieved 17 May, 2016, from
http://www.britannica.com/event/Anschluss.
Brubaker, R. (2011). Religion and Nationalism: Four Approaches. Nations and Nationalism, 1-29.
Camarero, M. G. (2014, 03 07). ub.edu. Retrieved 06 30, 2016, from Universitat de Barcelona:
http://www.ub.edu/diccionarilinguistica/content/discourse-marker
Church, P. D. (2016). Germany's Anschluss with Austria and Russia's annexation of Crimea: an
analytical comparison. Monterey: Naval Postgraduate School.
Darch, C. (1985). The myth of Nestor Makhno. Economy and Society 14.4 , 524-527.
Directorate, C. S. (1929, 1939, 1959, 1989). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1926 года.
Moscow: Издание ЦСУ Союза ССР.
Dolya, A. (2016). The annexation of Crimea: Lessons for European Security. European issues , 1-
7.
Drohobycky, M. (1995). Crimea: dynamics, challenges and prospects. Rowman & Littlefield.
Duran, J. A. (1969). Catherine II, Potemkin, and colonization policy in Southern Russia. The
Russian Review, 28(1), 23-36.
Dyczok, M. (2014). Mass Media Framing, Representations, and Impact on Public Opinion . In D.
R. Marples, Ukraine's Euromaidan: analyses of a civil revolution (pp. 77-89). Columbia
University Press.
Eemeren, F. H., Houtlosser, P., & Snoeck Henkemans, A. (2007). Argumentative Indicators. New
York: Springer.
Escude, C. (1994). The anthropomorphic fallacy in international relations discourse. Cambridge,
MA: Center for International Affairs, Harvard University.
Fairclough, N. (1985). Critical and descriptive goals in discourse analysis. Journal of Pragmatics,
30-56.
Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and Social Change. Cambridge : Polity Press.
Fairclough, N., & Wodak, R. (1997). Critical Discourse Analysis. In T. van Dijk, Discourse as Social
Interaction (pp. 258-84). London : SAGE.
Feiith, D. J. (2014, March 05). The Temptation of Vladimir Putin. The Wall Street Journal .
Felgenhauer, T. (1999). Ukraine, Russia, and the Black Sea Fleet Accords. Princeton, NJ :
Princeton University .
97
Figes, O. (2011). The Crimean War: A History. Macmillan.
Filatov. (2012). Крым: этнокультурные ориентиры и политические установки. Крымский
ирредентизм и украинский сепаратизм. Вопросы Развития Крыма, 184-194.
Fisher, A. W. (2014). Crimean Tatars. Standford : Stanford: Hoover Institution.
Focarelli, C. (2012). International law as social construct: The struggle for global justice. Oxford :
Oxford University Press.
Forchtner, B. (2010). Jürgen Habermas’ language-philosophy and the critical study of language.
Critical approaches to discourse analysis across disciplines 4.1 , 18-37.
Foucault, M. (1989). The archaeology of knowledge. London and New York: Routledge.
Fraser, B. (1999). "What Are Discourse Markers?" . Journal of Pragmatics, 931-52.
Fuller, W. (1992). Strategy and Power in Russia 1600–1914. The Free Press.
Galeotti, M. (2015). "Hybrid war” and “little green men”: How it works, and how it doesn’t. In
Ukraine and Russia: People, politics, propaganda and perspectives (pp. 156-163).
Gee, J. P. (2005). An Introduction to Discourse Analysis: Theory and Method . NYC: Routlege .
Gordon, L. (1983). Cossack Rebellions: Social Turmoil in the Sixteenth-century Ukraine. Albany :
State U of New York.
Graham, P. W., Keenan, T., & Dowd, A.-M. (2004). A call to arms at the End of History: A
discourse-historical analysis of George W. Bush’s declaration of war on terror. Discourse
& Society 15(2-3), 199-221.
Graham, P., Keenan, T., & Dowd, A. M. (2004). A call to arms at the end of history: A discourse–
historical analysis of George W. Bush’s declaration of war on terror. Discourse & Society,
15(2-3), 199-221.
Gregory, P. R. (2004). Russian national income, 1885-1913. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Gretschko, e. a. (1979). Geschichte des Zweiten Welt Krieges. Militärverlag der DDR, volume 4.
Grove, T. (2014, April 07). Russian marine kills Ukraine navy officer in Crimea, says ministry.
Reuters.
Hagen, W. W. (1999). The Balkans' lethal nationalisms. Foreign Affairs , 52-64.
Hall, S. (1992). The West and the Rest: Discourse and power. The indigenous experience: Global
perspectives, 165-173.
98
Harrington, L. (2002, Novemner ). Logistics 101: Back to Basics. Inbound Logistics .
Hart, C. a. (2014). Construal Operations in Online Press Reports of. Contemporary critical
discourse studies. Bloomsbury Publishing, 167-188.
Höijer, B. (2011). Social Representations Theory: A New Theory for Media Research. Nordicom
Review 32, 3-16.
Hosking, G., & Service, R. (1998). Russian Nationalism Past and Present. London: Macmillan.
Idov, M. (2014, March 02). The Novel That Predicts Russia's Invasion of Crimea. The New Yorker,
p. 18 June 2017.
Jaffer, J. (2002). Strengthening the Wassenaar export control regime. Chi. J. Int'l L. 3, 519-525.
Jameson, R. (2014). Crimea as Kosovo and Sudetenland: The Peril of Historical Narratives in the
2014 Russo-Ukrainian Crisis. The University of Kansas, 1-10.
Jordan, P. (2010). The endonym–name from within a social group. 25th session, United Nation
Group of Experts on Geographical Names (pp. 13-25). Vienna: UN.
Juthe, A. (2005). Argument by analogy. Argumentation 19.1, 1-27.
Kalb, M. (2015). Imperial Gamble: Putin, Ukraine, and the New Cold War. Brookings Institution
Press.
Katchanovski, I. (2015). Crimea: People and Territory Before and Annexation . In A. a. PikulickaWilczewska,
Ukraine and Russia: People, politics, propaganda and perspectives. (pp. 81-
89). Ottawa: E-International Relations Publishing.
Koteyko, N., & Ryazanova-Clarke, , L. (2009). The path and building metaphors in the speeches
of Vladimir Putin: back to the future?. slavonica, 15(2, 112-127.
KRYM. (n.d.).
Kuchins, A. C., & Zevelev, I. A. (2012). Russian foreign policy: Continuity in change. The
Washington Quarterly, 35(1), 147-161.
Kühnlein, P., Benz, A., & Sidner, a. C. (2010). Constraints in Discourse 2. Amsterdam: John
Benjamins Pub.
Kuzio, T. (1995). Ukrainian security policy. Westport: Praeger.
Laitin, D. D. (1998). Identity in formation: The Russian-speaking populations in the near abroad.
Cornell University Press.
99
Lazarev, L. (1993). Russian Literature on the War and Historical Truth. World War 2 and the Soviet
People, 28-37.
Leopold, S., & Winkel, G. (2013). Discursive agency:Towards an actor-centred analysis of political
discourses. Grenoble: 1st International Conference on Public Policy.
Lewis, A. R. (2014). The American Culture of War: A History of US Military Force from World War
II to Operation Enduring Freedom. Routledge.
Lozada, M. (2014). Us or Them? Social Representations and Imaginaries of the Other in
Venezuela. Papers on Social Representation, Volume 23, 21.1-21.16.
Mamulija, G. (1999). The Concept of State Policy in Georgia regarding the Meskhs Deported and
Repatriated to Georgia: History and Actuality. Central Asia and the Caucasus n°1(2).
Marson, J. (2009, May 25). Putin to the West: Hands off Ukraine. Time , pp.
http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1900838,00.html.
Matsuzato, K. (2005). Semipresidentialism in Ukraine: Institutionalist Centrism in Rampant Clan
Politics 1. Demokratizatsiya: The Journal of Post-Soviet Democratization 13.1, 45-60.
McFaul, M. S. (2014). Faulty powers: Who started the Ukraine crisis. Foreign Aff. 93, 167-178.
Mearsheimer, J. J. (2014). Why the Ukraine crisis is the West's fault: the liberal delusions that
provoked Putin. Foreign Aff. 93, 77.
Meyer, K. E. (2004). The Dust of Empire: The Race for Mastery in the Asian Heartland. New York:
Public Affairs.
Moreno, F. B. (1988). Philippine law dictionary: words and phrases in Philippine law: legally and
judicially defined and accepted. Manila: Vera-Reyes.
Morrison, J. (Oct. 1993). Pereyaslav and after: The Russian-Ukrainian Relationship. International
Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs 1944-), 677-703.
MSU. (2015, September 01). Transfer of Crimea. Retrieved from Seventeen Moments in Soviet
History: http://soviethistory.msu.edu/1954-2/the-gift-of-crimea/the-gift-of-crimeatexts/transfer-of-crimea/
Murar, I. (2009). PRAGMATIC AND FUNCTIONAL USES OF IDIOMS. Articole Anale Lingvistica,
University of Craiova.
Musolff, A. (2012). The study of metaphor as part of critical discourse analysis. Critical Discourse
Studies 9.3, 301-310.
100
ODIHR. (2014). Hate Crime Reporting. Retrieved 07 07, 2016, from OSCE:
http://hatecrime.osce.org/ukraine?year=2014;
http://hatecrime.osce.org/poland?year=2014;
http://hatecrime.osce.org/sweden?year=2014
Oscelik, S. (2015). Analysis of the Crimean Tatars Situation During the Occupation of Crimea by
Russia in 2014 with the Conflict and Peace Studies Approach. e-journaloflaw, 11-19.
Pearson, R. (1989). Nashe pravitel'stvo? The Crimean regional government of 1918–19.
Revolutionary Russia 2.2, 14-30.
Pipes, R. (1964). The Formation of the Soviet Union: communism and nationalism, 1917-1923.
Vol. 13. Harvard University Press.
Pleshakov, C. (2017). The Crimean Nexus: Putin's War and the Clash of Civilizations. Yale: Yale
University Press.
Plokhy, S. (2001). The Ghosts of Pereyaslav: Russo-Ukrainian Historical Debates in the PostSoviet
Era. Europe-Asia Studies, 53(3), 489-505.
Pogge, T. W. (2002). World poverty and human rights: cosmopolitan responsibilities and reforms.
Cambridge : Polity.
Pohl, J. O. (2000). The deportation and fate of the Crimean Tatars. 5th Annual World Convention
of the Association for the Study of Nationalities. New York: Columbia University.
Pohl, J. O. (2010). The false charges of treason against the Crimean Tatars. ICC Crimean Website,
1-8.
Popescu, N. (2015). Hybrid tactics: neither new nor only Russian. EUISS Issue Alert 4.
Possen, B. R. (1993). Security Dilemma and Ethnic Cohesion . Survival , 27-47.
Prakken, H. (2002). Incomplete Arguments in Legal Discourse: a case study. JURIX, pp. 93-102.
Putin, V. (2014). Address by President of the Russian Federation. Moscow :
http://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/20603.
Putin, V. (2014). Meeting in support of Crimea’s accession to the Russian Federation “We are
together!”. Kremlin.ru, http://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/20607.
Putin, V. (2014). Speech at naval parade. Sevastopol:
http://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/transcripts/20992.
101
Putin, V. (April 21, 2014,). Amendment to the presidential executive order on rehabilitating the
Bulgarian, Greek, Crimean Tatar and German peoples and supporting their revival and
development. Executive Order 268, http://en.kremlin.ru/acts/news/50284.
Rapping, J. (April 25 - April 30, 2010). Organizing Your Closing Argument. Federal CJA Trial Skills
Academy. San Diego, CA.
Requejo, F., & Nagel, K.-J. (2011). Federalism beyond federations: asymmetry and processes of
resymmetrization in europe. Milton Park: Routledge .
Riasanovsky, N. V. (1959). Nicholas I and official nationality in Russia, 1825-1855. Vol. 3. Berkley:
Univ of California Press.
Riasanovsky, N. V. (1992). The Image of Peter the Great in Russian History and Thought. Oxford:
Oxford University Press.
Schönle, A. (2001). Garden of the Empire: Catherine's Appropriation of the Crimea. Slavic Review,
1-23.
Shchelin, P. (2014). Image of Enemy. Budapest : Central European Univerity .
Shkandrij, M. (2001). Russia and Ukraine: literature and the discourse of empire from Napoleonic
to postcolonial times. McGill-Queen's Press-MQUP.
Shlapentokh, V. (2001). "Putin's first year in office: the new regime's uniqueness in Russian
history.". Communist and Post-Communist Studies 34.4, pp. 371-399.
Sinclair, K. J. (1971). Legal Reasoning: In Search of an Adequate Theory of Argument . California
Law Review 59 v.3, 822-858.
Sinitsky, A. (2006). Український етнос: пошуки історичної самоідентичності. Lviv: Lviv
Polytechnic National University.
Small, H. (2007). The Crimean War. Tempus Publishing.
Sprague, A. (2016). Russian Meddling In Its NearAbroad. The Use of Frozen Conflictsas a Foreign
Policy Tool. Institut Barcelona d'Estudis Internacionals, Student Papers Series (28), 1-27.
Supreme Council of Crimea. (1992). Об Акте о провозглашении государственной
самостоятельности Республики Крым. Верховна Рада України.
Szostek, J. (2014). The media battles of Ukraine’s EuroMaidan. Digital Icons 11 , 1-19.
Tenorio, E. H. (2011). Critical discourse analysis, an overview. Nordic Journal of English Studies
10.1, 183-210.
102
Tlostanova, M. (2008). The Janus-faced Empire Distorting Orientalist Discourses: Gender, Race
and Religion in the Russian/(post) Soviet Constructions of the” Orient. Worlds and
Knowledges Otherwise, 2(2), 1-11.
Toal, G. (2008). Russia's Kosovo: A Critical Geopolitics of the August 2008 War over South
Ossetia. Eurasian Geography and Economics 49.6, 670-705.
Tolz, V. (2002). Rethinking Russian–Ukrainian relations: a new trend in nation‐building in post‐
communist Russia? Nations and Nationalism 8(2), 235-253.
Treisman, D. (2016). Why Putin Took Crimea: The Gambler in the Kremlin. Foreign Affairs. 95,
47-54.
UN. (2014, March 27). United Nations General Assembly Resolution 68/262. Retrieved from
Uniter Nations:
https://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/68/262
Vahabov, T. (2010). Ukraine: a challenge for US, EU & NATO regional policy. Caucasian Review of
International Affairs 4.3, 297-305.
Van Dijk, T. A. (1985). Handbook of Discourse Analysis. Discourse and dialogue: University of
Amsterdam.
Van Dijk, T. A. (1998). Ideology: A multidisciplinary approach. Sage.
Van Jacob, E. V. (2012). Informal Logical Fallacies: A Brief Guide. University Press of America.
Vassilikou, M. (2001). Greeks and Jews in Salonika and Odessa: Inter-ethnic Relations in
Cosmopolitan Port Cities. Jewish Culture and History, volume 2, issue 4, 155-172.
Verkkhovna Rada of Ukraine, V. (1992, May 13). Про політичну ситуацію, яка склалася у
зв'язку з. Retrieved from Верховна Рада України:
http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/rada/show/2333-
12?test=dCCMfOm7xBWMnH/EZiq5u0IqHI452s80msh8Ie6
Voelklein, K., & Caroline, H. (2005). A Review of Controversies about Social Representations
Theory: A British Debate." . LSE Research Online: SAGE.
Von Stuckrad, K. (2013). Discursive study of religion: Approaches, definitions, implications.
Method & Theory in the Study of Religion 25.1, 5-25.
Walker, M. (2003). The strategic use of referendums: Power, legitimacy, and democracy.
Springer.
103
Walton, D. (2009). Argumentation Theory: A Very Short Introduction. In G. Simari, & I. Rahwan,
Argumentation in Artificial Intelligence (pp. 1-22). Dordrecht: Springer .
Walton, D. (2010). Appeal to expert opinion: Arguments from authority. University Park: Penn
State Press.
Waltz, K. (1964). The stability of a bipolar world. Daedalus, 881-909.
Waltz, K. (1979). Theory of International Politics. Long Grove : Waveland Press.
Waltz, K. (1979). Theory of International Politics. Reading: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co.
Wargelin, C. F. (1997). A High Price for Bread: The First Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and the Break-Up
of Austria-Hungary, 1917–1918. The International History Review 19.4, 757-788.
Williams, B. G. (2001). The Crimean Tatars: the diaspora experience and the forging of a nation.
Vol. 2. Bril.
Wodak, R. ( April 2000). Does Sociolinguistics need Social Theory? New Perspectives in Critical
Discourse Analysis. Journal of Sociolinguistics. Bristol: Keynote.
Wodak, R. (2000). Does sociolinguistics need social theory? New perspectives on critical
discourse analysis. Discourse & Society 2.3 , 123-47.
Wodak, R. (2009). The Discursive Construction of National Identity. In R. Wodak, R. de Cicillia, M.
Reisigl, & K. Leibhart, The Discursive Construction of National Identity. Edinburgh:
Edinburgh University Press.
Wodak, R., & Meyer, M. (2001). Methods of Critical Discourse Analysis. London: SAGE.
Wodak, R., & Meyer, M. (2009). Methods for critical discourse analysis. SAGE: London.
Wodak, R., & Reisigl, M. (2009). The Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA) . In R. Wodak, & M.
Meyer, Methods of Critical Discourse Analysis (Second Edition) (pp. 87-121). London:
Sage.
Wood, E. (2011). Performing Memory: Vladimir Putin and theCelebration of WWII in Russia. The
Soviet and Post-Soviet Review 38, 172-200.
Wood, E. A. (2015). Roots of Russia's War in Ukraine. New York: Colambia University Press.

Předběžná náplň práce

Tato diplomová práce analyzuje ospravedlnění anexe Krymu Vladimírem Putinem na základě interpretace diskursů nalezených v jeho krymském projevu. Výzkum používá “Diskurzivně-historický přístup” inspirovaný analýzou kritických diskurzů jako metodologického a konceptuálního základu analýzy a současně zahrnuje teorie lingvistických a sociálních reprezentací. Historie Krymu a Ruska je použita jako základ pro zdůvodnění oprávněnosti nároku Ruska na Krym. Analýza je rozdělena do čtyř částí: První část se zabývá společnou historií a kulturou, druhá část pojednává o historickém vojenském zapojení, třetí část se věnuje soudnictví a čtvrtá část se zabývá mezinárodním právem. Jednotlivé části jsou uvažovány pomocí širších historických témat spojených s diskurzem, který Putin používá při ospravedlnění anexe. Interpretace je v každé kategorii spojována historickým kontextem. V závěru výzkum předkládá finalizovanou interpretaci, ve které je prokázáno, že Putinovo ospravedlnění anexe Krymu je postaveno na manipulaci a selektivnímu vyprávění historických skutečností. Tato diplomová práce využívá “close textual reading” a analýzu Putinovy krymské řeči, aby odhalila mýty a manipulace, které Putin používá pro ospravedlnění anexe.

Předběžná náplň práce v anglickém jazyce

This diploma thesis analyses Vladimir Putin’s justification of the annexation of Crimea based on an interpretation of the discourse used in his Crimean Speech. The research uses the “Discourse-Historical Approach,” inspired by Critical Discourse Analysis, as the methodological and conceptual foundation of the analysis. In addition, it incorporates other linguistic and social representation theories. The historical background of Crimea and Ukraine is used as a basis for assessing Russia’s claim on Crimea. The analysis is categorized into four appeals: 1) the appeal to common history and culture; 2) the appeal to historical military involvement; 3) the appeal to justice; and 4) the appeal to international law. The appeals are contextualized using broader historical themes associated with the discourses used by Putin to justify the annexation. The interpretation is informed by historical context within each category. In the conclusion, the research presents the finalized interpretation, in which Putin’s justification for the annexation of Crimea is shown to be constructed using the manipulation and selective recounting of historical facts. This diploma thesis uses a close textual reading and analysis of Vladimir Putin’s Crimean Speech to expose the myths and manipulations he uses as a justification for annexation.