Principles of Physics II – Electromagnetism and Optics - NFPL064

• Anglický název: Principles of Physics II – Electromagnetism and Optics
• Zajišťuje: Katedra fyziky kondenzovaných látek (32-KFKL)
• Fakulta: Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta
• Platnost: od 2023
• Semestr: letní
• E-Kredity: 5
• Rozsah, examinace: letní s.:2/2, Z+Zk [HT]
• Počet míst: neomezen
• Minimální obsazenost: neomezen
• 4EU+: ne
• Virtuální mobilita / počet míst pro virtuální mobilitu: ne
• Stav předmětu: vyučován
• Jazyk výuky: angličtina
• Způsob výuky: prezenční
• Způsob výuky: prezenční
• Garant: prof. RNDr. Jana Kalbáčová Vejpravová, Ph.D.; doc. RNDr. Jan Prokleška, Ph.D.

Anotace

Poslední úprava: Mgr. Kateřina Mikšová (02.02.2022)

The course Basic Principles of Physics II is the second course in the physics series of the program Science. It gives a general introduction to the concepts of electromagnetism, optics and light-matter interaction, essential for understanding complex phenomena beyond the territory of physics. The course set the knowledge base for the laboratory course and follow-up classes on quantum mechanics, electrodynamics and special relativity. Also, it provides a guide to application of the principles and laws of electromagnetism and optics in chemistry and biology.

Podmínky zakončení předmětu

Poslední úprava: doc. RNDr. Karel Houfek, Ph.D. (14.05.2023)

The condition for completing the course is the successful passing of the exam, which is preceded by getting credit for the exercises.

Literatura

Poslední úprava: doc. RNDr. Jan Prokleška, Ph.D. (26.02.2024)

1. University Physics Volume 2 and Volume 3, Jeff Sanny, Samuel Ling, OpenStax, 2016

2. Electricity and Magnetism (3rd edition), E.M. Purcell and D.J. Morin, Cambridge University Press, 2013

3. Fundamentals of Physics II: Electromagnetism, Optics, and Quantum Mechanics (The Open Yale Courses Series Book 2) 1st Edition, R. Shankar

4. The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol. II: The New Millennium Edition: Mainly Electromagnetism and Matter (50th New Millennium Edition), Richard P. Feynman, R. B. Leighton, M. Sands

5. Electromagnetism, J. C. Slater, Dover Books on Physics, 2011

6. Solved Problems in Classical Electromagnetism, J. Franklin, Dover Books on Physics, 2018

7. Optics. E. Hecht, MA: Addison-Wesley, 2001

8. Introduction to Fourier Optics, J.W. Goodman, Englewood, CO: Roberts & Co., 2004

9. Engineering Optics, K. Iizuka, Springer 2019

10. Introduction to Modern Optics, G.R. Fowles, Dover Books on Physics, 1990

11. Modern Classical Physics: Optics, Fluids, Plasmas, Elasticity, Relativity, and Statistical Physics, K.S. Thorne, R.D. Blandford, Princetown University Press, 2017

12. Fundamentals of Physics, Halliday, Resnick and Walker, 10 edition, Wiley, 2013

13. Lecture notes

14. Set of problems (with solutions) for exercises

15. Visualizations of key experiments

Požadavky ke zkoušce

Poslední úprava: doc. RNDr. Jan Prokleška, Ph.D. (19.02.2024)

Final mark is based on the oral examination. Oral examination takes place during the examination period and students must first obtain the credit for exercises. Credit for exercises is based on the presence on exercises, active participation and successful completion of the test.

Sylabus

Poslední úprava: Mgr. Kateřina Mikšová (07.02.2022)

1. Basic concepts and laws of the electrostatic field in vacuum: Point charge, charge density. Coulomb's law.

Electrostatic field intensity, potential, energy, and density. Gauss's law, Poisson's equation, Laplace's

equation. Electrostatic induction. Conductive and non-conductive body. Capacity. The interaction energy of

point charges. Forces acting on a dipole.

2. Electrical current: definition, current density, continuity equation. Stationary electric field. Ohm's law,

electrical resistance, and electrical conductivity. Stationary electrical circuit. Electromotive voltage, Kirchhoff's

rules. Joule's law.

3. Basic concepts and laws of the magnetic field in vacuum: Magnetic induction, Ampere's law. Vector

potential, Biot-Savart formula. Magnetic circuit, magnetostatic field.

4. Quasi-stationary electric and magnetic fields: Law of electromagnetic induction. Self and mutual inductance

of conductors. General properties of a quasi-stationary field. Magnetic field energy density. Quasi-stationary

circuit, Kirchhoff's rules. AC harmonic voltage generation, AC circuits.

5.The electrostatic and magnetic field in media: Polarization of dielectrics, bound charges. Gauss's law for

electrostatic fields in dielectrics, vector of electric induction. Magnetic polarization (magnetization). Ampere's

law in the materials, magnetic field intensity. Material's relations, electrical/magnetic susceptibility, permittivity,

and permeability.

6. Dielectric and magnetic properties of materials: Clausius-Mossotti equation. Ferroic order, Curie and

Curie-Weiss law. Important applications.

7. Electrical transport in materials: metals, semiconductors, insulators. Validity of Ohm's law, carriers'

mobility. Drude's theory, Franz-Wiedemann relation. P-n junction, transistor. Hall effect. Thermoelectric effect.

Important applications.

8. Geometrical optics: specular and diffuse reflection, refraction (Snell’s law), total internal reflection,

dispersion, mirrors (mirror equation), ray-tracing, aberrations, lens design (thin lens equation, multiple lens

system), apertures and stops.

9. Wave optics: plane wave (polarization, energy density), interference (standing wave, phase and group

velocity, interferometers), coherence, Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction, image formation, resolution, space-

bandwidth product, optical components, anisotropic optical medium, basics of optical and electron

microscopies.

10. Resonant light-matter interaction: Planck law, Lambert-Beer law, photoelectric effect, absorption,

emission (natural and stimulated), applications.