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Předmět, akademický rok 2023/2024
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Physiology II - FGP016
Anglický název: Physiology II
Zajišťuje: Ústav fyziologie (15-130)
Fakulta: Lékařská fakulta v Hradci Králové
Platnost: od 2023
Semestr: letní
Body: 0
E-Kredity: 10
Způsob provedení zkoušky: letní s.:
Rozsah, examinace: letní s.:50/75, Z+Zk [HS]
Počet míst: neomezen
Minimální obsazenost: neomezen
4EU+: ne
Virtuální mobilita / počet míst pro virtuální mobilitu: ne
Kompetence:  
Stav předmětu: vyučován
Jazyk výuky: angličtina
Způsob výuky: prezenční
Způsob výuky: prezenční
Úroveň:  
Poznámka: odhlásit z termínu zkoušky při nesplněné rekvizitě
Garant: doc. MUDr. Otto Kučera, Ph.D.
Korekvizity : FGP015
Prerekvizity : FGP003
Záměnnost : FA0104037
Je prerekvizitou pro: FGP028, FGP029, FGP030, FGP027, FGP032, FGP026, FGP031
Ve slož. prerekvizitě: FG10036, FG10038, FG10039, FG10040, FG10041, FG10042, FG10043, FG10044, FG10045, FG10047, FG10048, FG10049, FG10075, FG10076, FG10077, FG10078, FG10079, FG10080, FG10083, FG10084, FG10090, FG10091, FG10097, FG10098, FG50025, FG50049, FV057, FV134
Anotace - angličtina
Poslední úprava: Tereza Česenková (09.02.2024)
The aim of Physiology II is to gain good knowledge about the functions of the human body in health. The subject Physiology II is taught in the form of lectures, practical classes and seminars. Emphasis is mainly focesed on functional organization, on the mechanisms controlling the internal environment of the organism, interrelationships among the control of individual functions and on the coordination and integration of functions. During the seminars, students are actively involved in the discussion of the discussed topics, emphasis is also placed on problem-based learning and the ability to work in a team. The knowledges acquired during tuition of Physiology I and Physiology II are necessary for understanding of further subjects such as biochemistry, pharmacology, pathological physiology or internal medicine. Lectures: endocrine and reproductive physiology, physiology of gastrointestinal system (digestion and absorption of basic nutrients, regulation of secretion and motility), metabolism (energetic metabolism, intermediary metabolism), thermoregulation, biorhythms, physiology of the kidneys (glomerular and tubular processes, acid-base balance) and physiology of senses. Practical classes: physiology of cardiovascular system, respiratory system (spirometry, regulation of pulmonary ventilation), endocrine system (oral glucose tolerance test), metabolism (basal metabolic rate, nutritional status), kidneys (formation of concentrated and dilute urine, clearance) and sensory physiology (visual acuity, colour vision, perimetry, examination of hearing, audiometry, investigation of vestibular function).
Vstupní požadavky - angličtina
Poslední úprava: Tereza Česenková (09.02.2024)
Entry requirements: prerequisites: Anatomy II (FGP003)
Cíl předmětu - angličtina
Poslední úprava: Tereza Česenková (09.02.2024)

The aims:

1. the student acquires basic theoretical knowledge about the function of all systems in the human body to maintain the homeostasis of the organism
2. student acquires practical skills related to essential clinical examinations and learn to interpret the obtained results
3. the student will be capable of basic medical thinking based on model case studies

Požadavky ke zkoušce - angličtina
Poslední úprava: Tereza Česenková (09.02.2024)

Rules of practical classes and credits in Physiology for the academic year 2023-2024

  I.     Practical classes

 

Students must come prepared to perform the planned practical task(s) and know the theory related to the task(s). 

The extent of theoretical knowledge necessary for the practical class is outlined by lectures and mandatory literature. The extent of practical preparedness is given by the Manuals for the Practical Classes in Physiology or instruction manuals published via Moodle. Alternatively, it might also be outlined by a teacher.

Students' knowledge may be tested at the beginning of any class. (As in I.-1.)

Suppose the assistant reveals a severe negligence of preparedness. In that case, such a student is dismissed from practical class, and an absence is recorded.

Entry to the Department of Physiology will not be allowed to students with apparent signs of an illness and symptoms of acute infectious disease (e.g., body temperature equal to or exceeding 37°C, cough, shortness of breath, etc.) Body temperature might be checked by a contactless thermometer.

If not stated otherwise, there is a ban on using personal electronic devices (mobile phones, recorders, etc.) during practical classes.

Late coming, irrespective of reason, or deliberately leaving class earlier, will be considered and recorded as an absence.  

The organization of the practical classes may change in light of the current epidemic situation and the regulations in force.  

 

  II.     Protocols

Each student must record results and discussion of every performed practical task in the Manuals for the Practical Classes in Physiology.

If not agreed on otherwise with the teacher, the records shall be completed before leaving each class. 

Students must follow the arrangement of the records in the Manuals and fill in all expected data. The emphasis lies on capturing the results and analysing them. Erroneous results are accepted; however, students must provide suggestions for the flaws.

 

   III.     Seminars

Seminars are intended for more profound repetition of current topics and student consultations with the teacher. 

Students are asked to select some of the published themes and deliver short oral presentations. We recommend booking at least three themes for each seminar, with each presentation lasting up to 10 – 15 minutes. A discussion follows each contribution. It is mandatory to send the presentation to fyziols@lfhk.cuni.cz 48 hours before the seminar (for Monday's seminar, the handover time is Friday 10 a.m.). The subject and the name of the presentation must be GM-group number-name and surname-theme abbreviation-topic of presentation (example: GM-8-John Doe-CNS- Learning and memory). 

The test is an integral part of the seminar (see IV b).

 

 

   IV.     Obtaining a credit grade

Every student has three attempts to obtain the credit.

Credit will be given to the students who fulfil the attendance requirements (2 absences max), have passed the examinations (over 60%) in each of the individual physiology systems in that semester and have presented the completed practical class protocols. Each semester containing physiology has a single credit, i.e., two credits.

The first date to obtain a credit is the last practical class. If the requirements are unmet, the student will receive a “fail” (K) on SIS. There are two other dates during which the requirements will be checked (June 28 and September 6). Those who have not met the requirements by then will receive another “fail” on SIS.

 

a)      Attendance:

Students are required to attend all practical (laboratory) classes. The number of absences must be at most two practical classes of all practical classes. 

Suppose more than two practical classes per term are missed for medical or VISA reasons. In that case, it is necessary to document the reason. The re-examination of all practical classes in the semester is required. It will be done during the last practical class. 

Unexcused absences for more than two practical classes and any absence (even excused) greater than eight practical classes per semester will be dealt with by the head of the Department of Physiology.

 

b)     Tests:

At the end of laboratory classes in each system, a seminar will be held during which the students will be tested on that system. To receive credit, the student must score at least 60% on all tests. Each test has only three takes.

The dates of the tests are written in the practical class plan for each semester. The tests will be in the form of a multiple-choice and consist of 20 questions with four possible choices from which all can be right. 

Those students who fail or miss the test will take 1st correction test (the date will be announced in advance on Moodle). There will be dates for 2nd correction at the end of winter and summer terms, respectively. 

Basic knowledge of recording and evaluating ECG in general medicine students will be tested, too. The same rules mentioned above are applied for this test. 

 

Final examination in physiology

For admission to the final examination, students must receive credits in both the winter and summer terms and sign up for the final examination via the SIS system. The signing up starts on May 7, at 7 p.m. The examination comprises an introductory test, and then an oral exam follows. Re-examinations comprise only the oral part. The number of announced dates for a regular term considers the total number of students. More dates for the 1st or 2nd retake will be announced regarding the current requirements.

Use of electronic devices (cell phones, tablets, notebooks, smartwatches, etc.), unauthorized materials or communication with other students is strictly prohibited. After selecting the final exam questions, you cannot leave the room. When necessary, an escort will be provided. In case of failure to comply with these rules, students will be classified as “fail”, and cheating will be announced to the Disciplinary Committee of the Faculty. 

Registration and re-registration can be done only through SIS. Detailed information on the examination format will be posted on the bulletin board at the end of the summer term.

 

Sylabus - angličtina
Poslední úprava: Tereza Česenková (09.02.2024)

Lectures

  Prof. MUDr. Michaela Adamcová, Ph.D.
  Prof. MUDr. Zuzana Červinková, CSc.
  Prof. MUDr. Milan Holeček, DrSc.
  Doc. MUDr. Otto Kučera, Ph.D.
  Doc. MUDr. Halka Lotková, Ph.D.

 

19.2. Mechanisms of hormonal action.

19.2. Pituitary gland and its relation to the hypothalamus.

21.2. Thyroid gland.

21.2. Parathyroid glands, hormonal control of calcium metabolism.

21.2. Adrenal medulla (epinephrine, norepinephrine).

22.2. Reproductive and hormonal functions of gonads (testosterone, estrogens, progesterone). Sex differentiation and development, pregnancy, lactation.

22.2. Adrenal cortex I (glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and adrenal androgens).

26.2. Adrenal cortex II (glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and adrenal androgens). Stress.

26.2. Insulin, glucagon, and diabetes mellitus.

4.3. Mouth, mastication, saliva, deglutition, esophagus.

4.3. Stomach, gastric secretion.

11.3. Exocrine portion of pancreas, composition of pancreatic juice, regulation of secretion.

11.3. Liver and biliary system, composition of bile, regulation of biliary secretion. Function of gallbladder.

18.3. Gastric motility, gastric emptying. Vomiting.

18.3. Small intestine, intestinal motility. Digestion and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.

25.3. Colon - motility and secretion. Absorption in the colon. Intestinal bacteria. Dietary fiber. Defecation.

25.3. Energy metabolism I (free energy of the food, respiratory quotient, basal metabolic rate, measurement of the metabolic rate).

26.3. Energy metabolism II (free energy of the food, respiratory quotient, basal metabolic rate, measurement of the metabolic rate).

26.3. Metabolism of carbohydrates.

8.4 Metabolism of lipids.

15.4. Protein metabolism and nitrogen balance

15.4. Nutrition. Problems in human nutrition (obesity, malnutrition, starvation).

22.4. Vitamins and minerals in the food.

22.4 Body temperature regulation.

22.4. Renal functional anatomy, renal circulation, kidney functions.

23.4. Glomerular filtration. Tubular functions.

29.4. Mechanisms for excreting diluted or concentrated urine. The role of the kidney in acid-base balance. Micturition. Tests of renal functions.

30.4. Stimulus, receptor and generator potential, adaptation of receptors.

30.4. Vision I.

6.5. Vision II.

6.5. Hearing and vestibular apparatus.

13.5. Smell and taste.

13.5. Tactile sensation, perception of temperature, and pain.

13.3. Aging.

 

Practical clasees and seminars

Prof. MUDr. Michaela Adamcová, Ph.D.

Prof. MUDr. Zuzana Červinková, CSc.  

Mgr. Jan Dušek, Ph.D.

Moustafa Elkalaf, MBBch, Ph.D.

Prof. MUDr. Milan Holeček, CSc.

Doc. MUDr. Otto Kučera, Ph.D.

Doc. MUDr. Halka Lotková, Ph.D.  

MUDr. Tumisang Maseko

Ph.D.  Mgr. Pavla Staňková, Ph.D. 

MUDr. Václav Šafka, Ph.D. 

  
Practical classes

  1. Blood pressure – analysis and case study.
  2. Heart as a pump – analysis and case study.
  3. Physical examination of the lungs.
  4. Control of pulmonary ventilation.
  5. Spiriometry.
  6. Essential respiratory values – analysis and case study 
  7. Oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT).
  8. Hormones and their regulation – analysis and case study.
  9. The measurement of the basal metabolic rate.
  10. Evaluation of the nutritional status.
  11. Function of the gastrointestinal system – analysis and case study
  12. Clearance.
  13. Formation of concentrated and dilute urine.
  14. Renal functions - case study.
  15. Simulation center.
  16. Visual acuity, astigmatism, testing of colour vision.
  17. Ophthalmoscopy, Purkynje pictures. Investigation of visual field - perimetry, Marriott experiment (demonstration of blind spot), stereoscopy and depth vision.
  18. The sense of hearing - subjective and objective examination of hearing (whispering, tuning fork test, audiometry).
  19. Investigation of vestibular functions, observing of ear drum.

Seminars

  1. Test (MCQ) and seminar - cardiovascular system.
  2. Test (MCQ) and seminar - respiratory system.
  3. Test (MCQ) and seminar - endocrinology.
  4. Test (MCQ) and seminar - gastroenterology and metabolism.
  5. Test (MCQ) and seminar - kidney.
  6. Test (MCQ) and seminar – senses.
Literatura - angličtina
Poslední úprava: Tereza Česenková (09.02.2024)

Compulsory literature

  1. Hall: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, Elsevier 2020 and 2016 (e-book) - 14th and 13th editions
  2. Cervinkova et al.: A Manual in Laboratory Studies in Physiology (obtained at the 1st practical class)
  3. E-materials MOODLE

Recommended literature 

  1. Barrett: Ganong´s Review of Medical Physiology, Lange Medical Books, 2015
  2. Boron, Boulpaep: Medical Physiology, Elsevier 2017 (e-book)
  3. Silbernagl, Despopoulos: Color Atlas of Physiology, Georg Thieme Verlg, 2015 (e- book)
 
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