Surgery SE - B80352 (Všeobecné lékařství - AP)

• Anglický název: Surgery
• Zajišťuje: I. chirurgická klinika – břišní, hrudní a úrazové chirurgie 1. LF UK a VFN (11-00660); II. chirurgická klinika – kardiovaskulární chirurgie 1. LF UK a VFN (11-00690)
• Fakulta: 1. lékařská fakulta
• Platnost: od 2023
• Semestr: zimní
• Body: 0
• E-Kredity: 0
• Způsob provedení zkoušky: zimní s.:
• Rozsah, examinace: zimní s.:0/0, SZ [HT]
• Počet míst: neomezen
• Minimální obsazenost: neomezen
• 4EU+: ne
• Virtuální mobilita / počet míst pro virtuální mobilitu: ne
• Stav předmětu: vyučován
• Jazyk výuky: angličtina
• Způsob výuky: prezenční
• Způsob výuky: prezenční
• Vysvětlení: MUDr. Ulrych Jan, Ph.D.
• Další informace: http://chir1.lf1.cuni.cz
• Staré označení: 352
• Garant: prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Krška, DrSc.; prof. MUDr. Robert Lischke, Ph.D.; prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Lindner, CSc.
• Patří mezi: SE for GM 6.y.
• Atributy: výjimka pro zápis VP; Lékařství

Anotace

Poslední úprava: doc. MUDr. Jan Ulrych, Ph.D. (30.09.2018)

State Examination of Surgery comprises theoretical and practical parts. Students have to demonstrate knowledge of general surgery, gastrointestinal surgery, traumatology, thoracic surgery, cardiovascular surgery and X-ray diagnostics. Students have to be familiar with anamnesis, physical examination of patient or realize wound dressing, apply plaster cast, identify surgical instruments.

Literatura

Poslední úprava: doc. MUDr. Jan Ulrych, Ph.D. (30.09.2023)

Recommended:

• AMBOSS [online]. Dostupné z: https://www.amboss.com/us

Vstupní požadavky

Poslední úprava: doc. MUDr. Jan Ulrych, Ph.D. (30.09.2023)

Requirements on students: student´s book, working shoes and a white medical coat. 

Požadavky ke zkoušce

Poslední úprava: doc. MUDr. Jan Ulrych, Ph.D. (01.03.2024)

Examination requirements - credit for Surgery before State Exam

This academic year (2023/2024) there are new State Exam Questions in Surgery. Students enrolled to Surgery before State Exam in academic year 2023/2024 will take State Exam based on new State Exam Questions.

There are six topics in State Examination in Surgery - A) General surgery, B) Special surgery, C) Traumatology, D) Cardiac surgery and vascular surgery, E) Radiology, F) Clinical skills - instruments.

Each student will make choice one question in each these separate topics. 

Warning!!!!

Students attended Surgery before State Exam in last academic year 2022/2023 will take the State Exam based on old State Exam Questions.

 

NEW STATE EXAMINATION QUESTIONS IN SURGERY for academic year 2023/2024 is available in separate file in SIS. 

OLD STATE EXAMINATION QUESTIONS IN SURGERY for academic year 2022/2023 is available in separate file in SIS. 

 

 

 

NEW EXAMINATION QUESTIONS for STATE EXAMINATION in SURGERY for this academic year 2023/2024

GENERAL SURGERY (TO1):

1.       Local anaesthesia, regional anaesthesia (peripheral nerve blocks, epidural and spinal anaesthesia)

2.       Purulent infection of hand and fingers

3.       Sterilization, asepsis, disinfection, antisepsis

4.       Antibiotics in surgery

5.       Intravenous fluid therapy, fluid and electrolyte balance and disorders, types of intravenous fluids  

6.       SSI – Surgical site infections: classification, prevention, diagnosis, treatment

7.       Purulent (non-necrotizing) infection of skin and soft tissues, diagnosis, treatment

8.       Necrotizing and anaerobic infections of skin and soft tissues, diagnosis, treatment

9.       Osteomyelitis

10.    Mass-casualty incidents, principles of triage and stages of management, the START system

11.    Pressure ulcers – classification, treatment

12.    Types of wounds – classification, characteristic, algorithm of treatment

13.    Wound healing

14.    Blood transfusion, indications, general principles, blood type systems, transfusion safety measures, administration of transfusions, complications

15.    Sepsis, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS), MODS

16.    Principles of cancer management

17.    Nutritional management and acid-base balance in the surgical patient   

18.    Physical examination in surgery

19.    Principles of transplantation surgery

20.    General anaesthesia – intravenous and inhalational anaesthetics

21.    Preoperative assessment – patient fitness for surgery, risks of a surgical intervention, classification

22.    Legal aspects of surgical interventions

23.    Cricothyrotomy, tracheostomy (indication for intervention)

24.    Principles of postoperative care (recovery room, ICU)

25.    Thromboembolic disease – prevention of venous thromboembolism in surgery

26.    Cardiovascular and respiratory postoperative complications

27.    Gastrointestinal and urinary postoperative complications

28.    Thoracentesis and chest tube drainage 

29.    Principles of plastic surgery

30.    Pathophysiology of shock, classification

31.    Shock - prevention and treatment

32.    Bleeding, classification, first aid, treatment

33.    Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

34.    Preoperative management – preoperative lifestyle modification, fasting and medical problems

35.    Present-day war injuries, injuries in terrorist attacks, characteristics and treatment

36.    Burns and frostbites

37.    Diagnostic methods in surgery - laboratory tests, imaging methods

38.    Nosocomial infection (healthcare-associated infections) – definition and classification

39.    Types of sutures in surgery, suture materials, staplers

40.    Operating theatre, operating room equipment, operating room staff, personal protective equipment   

 

 

SPECIAL SURGERY (TO2):

1.       Definition and classification of acute abdomen  

2.       Clinical manifestation of acute abdomen

3.       Abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant, differential diagnosis

4.       Abdominal pain in the epigastrium and right upper quadrant, differential diagnosis  

5.       Abdominal pain in the left lower quadrant, differential diagnosis

6.       Obstructive jaundice  

7.       Hematemesis, melena, haematochezia

8.       Pneumoperitoneum – aetiology, diagnosis, therapy

9.       Non-traumatic hemoperitoneum – local and systemic causes

10.    Classification of intraabdominal infections

11.    Acute peritonitis, classification and principles of diagnosis and treatment

12.    Acute appendicitis

13.    Acute appendicitis in children

14.    Acute appendicitis:  uncomplicated vs complicated course

15.    Atypical manifestation of acute appendicitis – aetiology and clinical manifestation

16.    Acute cholecystitis, acute cholangitis

17.    Acute pancreatitis

18.    Acute diverticulitis, complications

19.    Subdiaphragmatic abscesses

20.    Classification and pathophysiology of bowel obstruction and bowel strangulation

21.    Mechanical bowel obstruction

22.    Incarcerated abdominal hernias

23.    Bowel volvulus and bowel intussusception

24.    Intestinal ischemia

25.    Paralytic ileus

26.    Upper GIT bleeding

27.    Lower GIT bleeding

28.    Classification of traumatic acute abdomen (penetrating and blunt trauma)  

29.    Trauma of liver and spleen

30.    Cholelithiasis – symptomatology and complications

31.    Inguinal and femoral hernias

32.    Uncommon hernias – pelvic hernias, lateral abdominal wall hernias

33.    Ventral hernias (umbilical, supra-umbilical, incisional, parastomal)

34.    Chronic pancreatitis

35.    Surgery for peptic ulcer disease complications

36.    Ulcerative colitis, Crohn´s disease

37.    Anal abscess and fistula 

38.    Anal fissures and haemorrhoids

39.    Pilonidal cyst – aetiology, clinical manifestation, and treatment

40.    Hiatal hernia and GERD, oesophageal achalasia

41.    Mediastinum – injuries, inflammation, tumors

42.    Pneumothorax, hemothorax, pleural effusion (pleural empyema, malignant pleural effusion)

43.    Lung trauma, complications of pneumonia, emphysema of the thorax

44.    Cysts and abscesses of the liver, benign liver tumors

45.    Goitre, classification. Thyrotoxicosis.

46.    Thyroid gland tumors

47.    Tumors of the oesophagus

48.    Tumors of the stomach

49.    Malignant liver tumors

50.    Tumors and inflammation of the small intestine

51.    Tumors of the large intestine and rectum – screening, clinical manifestations, diagnosis

52.    Tumors of the bile duct and ampulla of Vater

53.    Tumors of the pancreas – clinical manifestation, treatment

54.    Neuroendocrine tumors of the GIT

55.    Malignant melanoma

56.    Sarcomas of soft tissues (in extremities and retroperitoneum)

57.    Tumors of the lung

58.    Tumors of the mammary gland – classification, screening, diagnosis, treatment

59.    Inflammations of the mammary gland – classification, differential diagnosis, treatment

60.    Hernias, phimosis and cryptorchidism in childhood

61.    Pyloric stenosis and intussusception in children

62.    Necrotizing enterocolitis in children

63.    Most common congenital development defects of the GIT in children

64.    Most common congenital development defects of the thorax in children (excluding heart defects)

65.    Appendectomy (laparoscopic and open)

66.    Cholecystectomy (laparoscopic and open)

67.    Colon and rectal surgery

68.    Stomas in the digestive tract

69.    Mini-invasive interventions in surgery (laparoscopy – diagnostic, therapeutic, types of operations; endoscopy; mini-invasive interventions in thoracic surgery – types)

70.    Bariatric and metabolic surgery

71.    Splenectomy, indications for splenectomy

72.    Surgery on the thyroid gland and parathyroid bodies, types of operations, risks, complications

 

 

TRAUMATOLOGY (TO3):

1.       Injury – definition, aetiology

2.       Polytrauma, classification, timing of therapeutic procedures – ATLS

3.       Crush syndrome, blast syndrome

4.       Craniocerebral trauma 

5.       Classification of fractures  

6.       Conservative (nonoperative) treatment of fractures

7.       Surgical (operative) treatment of fractures

8.       Open fractures – classification and principles of treatment 

9.       Types of immobilizations – bandage, plaster cast, splints

10.    Compartment syndrome (extremity, abdominal)

11.    Fracture complications

12.    Paediatric fracture - characteristics and principles of treatment

13.    Soft tissue injury (skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle, tendon, ligament)

14.    Joint injury

15.    Shoulder dislocation

16.    Clavicle fracture, scapula fracture, acromioclavicular joint injury

17.    Proximal humerus fracture

18.    Humeral shaft fracture

19.    Distal humerus fracture in children and adults

20.    Around elbow fractures, elbow dislocation

21.    Forearm fractures

22.    Distal radius fracture

23.    Fracture and dislocation of carpal and metacarpal bones. Finger fracture.

24.    Pelvic fracture - classification and treatment

25.    Hip fractures - classification and treatment

26.    Femoral shaft fracture

27.    Distal femoral fractures

28.    Knee ligaments injury, meniscus tears, osteochondritis dissecans

29.    Tibial plateau fracture, patella fractures, patellar dislocation

30.    Tibia and fibula shaft fractures

31.    Achilles tendon rupture

32.    Ankle fractures

33.    Ankle sprains

34.    Calcaneal fracture

35.    Metatarsal and phalangeal fractures

36.    Vertebral fractures - classification, diagnosis, treatment

37.    Cervical vertebrae fractures

38.    Ribs and sternum fractures

39.    Tendon and ligament injury of the hand

 

 

CARDIAC SURGERY and VASCULAR SURGERY (TO4):

1.            Tetralogy of Fallot

2.            Myocardial protection (during open heart surgery)

3.            Congenital ventricular septal defects

4.            Critical limb ischemia

5.            Aortic valve disease (acquired) and aortic valvule surgery

6.            Tricuspid valve disease (congenital, acquired), tricuspid valve surgery

7.            Vascular injuries

8.            Atrial septal defect, anomalous pulmonary venous return

9.            Chronic venous insufficiency - pathophysiology, symptoms, complications, treatment

10.          Transposition of the great arteries

11.          Thromboembolic disease

12.          Mechanical and biological arteficial valve prostheses

13.          Congenital malformation of the thoracis aorta

14.          Surgery of cardiac arrhythmias

15.          Pericardial disease and surgery

16.          Surgery of cerebrovascular insufficiency (symptomatic and asymptomatic stenosis of the carotid artery)

17.          Vascular reconstruction (anatomically and extraanatomically)

18.          Hypothermia in cardiovascular surgery

19.          Ischemia of visceral arteries (tr. coeliacus, a. mesenterica sup., a. renalis, aa.il.int.). Clinical manifestation and therapy.

20.          Aortoiliac atherosclerotic occlusive disease. Leriche syndrome.

21.          Peripheral artery disease, endovascular interventions and surgical procedures

22.          Vascular access for hemodialysis (A-V fistulas)

23.          Cardiac injury and great vessels trauma (blunt and penetrating injuries)

24.          Cardiac tamponade

25.          Surgery of ischemic heart disease

26.          Mechanical complications of myocardial infarction (papillary muscle rupture, ventricular septal rupture, free wall rupture, aneurysm of the left ventricle)

27.          Vascular complications of diabetes mellitus - surgical therapy.

28.          Heart transplantation

29.          Arterial aneurysm, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment

30.          Infectious endocarditis

31.          Complications in vascular surgery (early thrombosis of the graft vessel, infection)

32.          Clinical examination in patients with vascular disease

33.          Abdominal aortic aneurysm (symptoms, diagnosis, therapy)

34.          Thoracic aortic aneurysm

35.          Mitral valve disease and surgery of the mitral valve

36.          Thoracic outlet syndrome

37.          Principle of extracorporeal circulation

38.          Congenital pulmonary artery anomalies

39.          Thoracic aortic dissection

40.          Mechanical heart support, ECMO

41.          Acute arterial occlusions (embolism, thrombosis)

42.          Pharmacotherapy in vascular surgery (antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, vasodilatory drugs)

43.          Coarctation of the aorta, ductus arteriosus - Botallo duct (therapy)

44.          Endovascular interventions for arterial occlusions and stenoses

45.          Basic principles of vascular surgery, types of prostheses

 

RADIOLOGY:

Basic imaging methods used in Surgery. Description and identification of pathology.  

 

CLINICAL SKILLS:

Identification of surgical instruments.