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In Czechoslovakia, first film about the Holocaust was made in 1948, only three years after the Second World War. Over the last sixty years, more than thirty feature films and TV films have been made about the Holocaust in the Czech Republic and former Czechoslovakia. Films on this topic emerged in two waves. The first wave came in the 1960s as a part of European “New Wave”. Over ten films were made during this decade, and till these days they remain one of the first-rate films of Czechoslovak cinematography. The second wave of Holocaust films arrived after the Velvet revolution and continues till present.
The depiction of the Holocaust in the film evolved since 1948. Due to political reasons, the topic of Jewishness was suppressed during the Communist era (post-war anti-Semitism). On the contrary, films made after 1989 emphasize this aspect. In fact, Jewishness and Holocaust become necessary scenery in a film portraying the topic of World War Two. Film directors also changed the focus of their films from presenting raw reality to playing with the spectator´s feelings. Films made in 1960s are psychological and they present historical truth more accurate. On the other hand, specificity of many “new” films is accentuation of violence, eroticism, and trivialization. When looking closely at all films with this topic, we will find also significant similarities. For instance, many of these films present Jews, Jewishness and Holocaust in the form of a stereotype. The aim of this course is to present key Czechoslovak and Czech films narrating the topic of the Holocaust and to show the evolution of the narration and the depiction in the context of world´s cinematography. Poslední úprava: Sladovníková Šárka, Mgr. (27.01.2017)
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Baron, Anne-Marie: The Shoah on Screen: Representing Crimes against Humanity Baron, Lawrence: Projecting the Holocaust into the Present Čulík, Jan: A Society in Distress: the image of the Czech Republic in contemporary Czech feature film Čulík, Jan: Jací jsme: česká společnost v hraném filmu devadesátých a nultých let. Insdorf, Annette: Indelible Shadows: Film and the Holocaust [online] (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) Available at: http://site.ebrary.com/lib/natl/Doc?id=10074094 Liehm, A. J. a Lukeš, Jan, ed.: Ostře sledované filmy: československá zkušenost LIEHM, Mira a LIEHM, A. J. The most important art: Eastern European Film after 1945 Lukeš, Jan: Diagnózy času: český a slovenský poválečný film (1945-2012) Přádná, Stanislava et al.: Démanty všednosti: český a slovenský film 60. let: kapitoly o nové vlně Sladovníková, Šárka: Holokaust v československém a českém filmu,in: Holý, Jiří (ed.): Cizí i blízcí. Židé, literatura, kultura v českých zemích ve 20. století, pp. 601–680 Sladovníková, Šárka: The Fight against Evil in the Films of Zbyněk Brynych, in: The Aspects of Genres in the Holocaust Literatures in the Central Europe, pp. 81–96 Sladovníková, Šárka: The Film Colette – Risk of a “Modern” Approach to the Depiction of the Holocaust, in: The Holocaust in the Central European Literatures and Cultures, pp. 243–254 Škvorecký, Josef: All the Bright Young Men and Women: A Personal History of the Czech Cinema. Škvorecký, Josef: Všichni ti bystří mladí muži a ženy: osobní historie českého filmu. Žalman, Jan: Umlčený film: kapitoly z bojů o lidskou tvář československého filmu ŽALMAN, Jan: Films and Film-makers in Czechoslovakia Poslední úprava: Sladovníková Šárka, Mgr. (27.01.2017)
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Topics Pioneers: Long Journey (Alfréd Radok, 1948) New Wave: Transport from Paradise (Zbyněk Brynych, 1962); Diamonds of the Night (Jan Němec, 1964); The Prayer for Catherine Horovitz (Antonín Moskalyk, 1965); The Shop on Main Street (Ján Kadár, Elmar Klos, 1965); Dita Saxová (Antonín Moskalyk, 1967); The Cremator (Juraj Herz, 1968) Non-representation of Jews: I survived my own death (Vojtěch Jasný, 1960); The Night caught me (Juraj Herz, 1985) New depiction of the topic: Colette (Milan Cieslar, 2013) Sentiment and stereotypes: The Last Butterfly (Karel Kachyňa, 1990); The King of the Colonnades (Zeno Dostál, 1990); All my beloved (Matej Mináč, 1999) World context: The Great Dictator (Charles Chaplin, 1940); Ostatni etap (Wanda Jakubowska, 1948); The Pawnbroker (Sidney Lumet, 1964); Holocaust (Marvin J. Chomsky, 1978); Sophie´s Choice (Alan J. Pakula, 1982); Shoah (Claude Lanzmann, 1985); Au revoir les enfants (Louis Malle, 1987); Schindler´s list (Steven Spielberg, 1993); A boy in the stripped pajamas (Mark Herman, 2008)
Poslední úprava: Sladovníková Šárka, Mgr. (27.01.2017)
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