Poslední úprava: Švorcová Jana, Mgr., Ph.D. (04.02.2026)
Výsledky učení - angličtina
Learning Outcomes – From Myth to the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis
Upon successful completion of the lecture, the student is able to:
Explain the historical transition from mythos to logos and analyze its significance for the emergence of rational, scientific explanations of nature.
Interpret pre-evolutionary conceptions of nature and life in antiquity, situating ancient natural philosophy within its metaphysical, epistemological, and cultural contexts.
Understand the pre-evolutionary concepts of time, nature, organism and how fossils we perceived.
Analyze transformations of the worldview in the Early Modern period, including changes in cosmology, ontology, and the relationship between nature, mathematics, and knowledge.
Explain the birth of modern science during the Scientific Revolution, including the emergence of the concept of natural law and the distinction between science and pseudoscience.
Compare major methodological and epistemological frameworks of 20th-century philosophy of science, particularly those proposed by Popper, Kuhn, Lakatos, and Feyerabend, and assess their implications for scientific practice.
Critically evaluate the French tradition in philosophy and sociology of science, from Bachelard to Latour, with respect to theory–experiment relations, scientific rationality, and the role of society in knowledge production.
Interpret Naturphilosophie in the German and Czech intellectual traditions, identifying its core concepts and its influence on biological and philosophical thought.
Analyze Ernst Haeckel’s natural monism and Darwinism, including their scientific, philosophical, and cultural impacts, with special attention to their reception in the Czech lands.
Explain the relationship between philosophy of language and scientific thought, including key ideas from Frege, Russell, Wittgenstein, Gödel, Dawkins, and Sperber, and assess their relevance for scientific explanation and theory construction.
Trace the historical development of evolutionary thought, from Lamarck through Darwin to the Modern Synthesis, identifying key conceptual shifts and unresolved tensions.
Critically discuss contemporary evolutionary theory, particularly the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis, and evaluate its motivations, key concepts, and implications for understanding biological evolution.
Integrate historical, philosophical, and biological perspectives to reflect on the nature of scientific knowledge, theory change, and the evolving understanding of life and evolution.
Poslední úprava: Švorcová Jana, Mgr., Ph.D. (19.01.2026)
