Soudobé dějiny Blízkého východu - ADZ200006
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Rozvrh Nástěnka
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Poslední úprava: Katarína Palčová, M.A. (15.08.2018)
The first section of the course analyses the modernisation of the Middle East in the 19th and 20th centuries following the main themes of Reform and Nationalism. It covers the Arab world, Turkey and Iran, and follows a comparative and thematic approach in order to highlight both unity and diversity of experiences across the region. First, it examines different reform and nationalist movements as modernist projects of imperial regeneration and nation building, and as forms of resistance to established socio, political and cultural orders. Second, it focuses on the interplay between new ideas of nation and political community and the evolution of indigenous/colonial state traditions in the context of the Ottoman and Qajar empires, and of their successor states. Thirdly, it analyses how nationalist ideologies and practices created new contexts of public action and spheres of public engagement in the age of nation states, recasting in a new mould old ideas about political and social reform but also rehearsing them as part of a new politics of ‘national’ heritage. After an introduction devoted to theoretical approaches to modernity and nationalism from a historical perspective and to a survey of ‘decline’ and Orientalist historiography, the first part of the course is devoted to the Ottoman and Qajar Empires then, the course focuses on selected case studies that illustrate the development of forms of state and non-state nationalism in Turkey, Iran and the Arab world after WWI. The second section of the course, in the spring, is designed to familiarize students with the main sociological concepts and theories through the discussion of selected case studies from contemporary Middle Eastern societies. By viewing the region through the lens of social sciences, this part of the course aims to shed light on issues relevant to the region that are also to be found in other human societies, such as social movements, the politics of youth, social stratification or popular culture. In doing so, the course aims to expand the understanding of the region that goes beyond the thesis of regional specificity of the Middle East and to establish the ground for compared approaches in social, cultural and historical phenomena. |
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Poslední úprava: Katarína Palčová, M.A. (18.02.2019)
Course Requirements (Second Term) Attendance and participation in the class discussions are paramount. Preparation for the class: Please choose at least one text and prepare to discuss it in the class. While reading the text, pay attention to these points: 1 –The main argument; 2 – The general debate in which the author positions himself; 3 - The concepts he uses to construct his argument; 4 – Methodology; 5 – Do you agree/ disagree with the argument and why? You are strongly encouraged to attend the Middle East Lectures Series included in the syllabus. Final Project: Option 1 - book review (3-5 pages). Choose a book from the book list below. The book review should cover the following questions: 1 – what sociological concepts are used in the analysis (ex. class; gender; etc.); 2 – Resume the main argument; 3 – What are the methods and empirical data used, and how they influence the focus and conclusions? 4 – Describe the larger historical or sociological tradition in which the author positions himself/herself and the way the main argument contributes to it, challenges it or confirms it.
Option 2 – 7-10 pages long paper narrating a historical event or social phenomena from at least three local perspectives (for ex. historical event: the Egyptian uprising narrated from the perspectives of thawrageyya, al-Ikhwan, fulul, hizb al-kanaba, etc.; social phenomena: religious commitment narrated from social, religious, ethical, political perspectives). Grading: Final project per term (40% of the final mark, each) and a final exam (20%). |
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Poslední úprava: Katarína Palčová, M.A. (18.02.2019)
Suggested Short Reference Books:
First Term - Keddie, Nikki. Modern Iran: Roots and Results of Revolution (New Haven & London: Yale University Press, 2003). - Lapidus, Ira. A History of Islamic Societies (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002). - Rogan, Eugene. The Arabs: A History (New York: Basic Books, 2009). - Zubaida, Sami. Islam, the People and the State: Political Ideas and Movements in the Middle East (London: I.B. Tauris, 1993). - Zürcher, Erik J. Turkey: A Modern History (London: I.B. Tauris, 2004).
Second Term - Zubaida, Sami. Beyond Islam: A New Understanding of the Middle East (London: I.B. Tauris, 2011). - Eickelman, Dale F. The Middle East: An Anthropological Approach (Second Edition. Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1989). - Bowen, Donna Lee, Evelyn A. Early and Becky Schulthies. Everyday Life in the Muslim Middle East (Indiana University Press, 2014). - Schielke, Samuli. Egypt in the Future Tense: Hope, Frustration and Ambivalence before and after 2011 (Indiana University Press, 2014). - Berger, Peter L. Introduction to Sociology: A Humanistic Perspective (New York: Anchor Books, 1963). - Boudon, Raymond and François Bourricaud. A Critical Dictionary of Sociology (Taylor & Francis, 2003).
Book list for the book review: Class - Lucie Ryzova, The Age of Efendiya. Passages to Modernity in National Colonial Egypt. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014 (AS CR - Oriental Inst. Praha). Gender and masculinities - Joseph Massad. Desiring Arabs. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007 (National Library CR Praha). Youth, Rurality, Revolution – Samuli Schielke, Egypt in the Future Tense. Hope, Frustration and Ambivalence before and after 2011. Indiana: Indiana University Press, 2015 (National Library CR Praha). Gender, City - Farha Ghannam, Live and Die like a Man. Gender Dynamics in Urban Egypt. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2013 (National Library CR Praha) State, Violence - Salwa Ismail. The Rule of Violence. Subjectivity, Memory and Government in Syria, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2018 (CU – T.G. Masaryk Lib. Social Sc. Praha). State, Authoritarianism – Bassam Haddad, Business Networks in Syria. The Political Economy of Authoritarian Resilience, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2012 (AS CR - Oriental Inst. Praha). State, Religion – Thomas Pierret, Religion and State in Syria. The Sunni Ulama from Coup to Revolution, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013 (AS CR - Oriental Inst. Praha). Islamism, State, Informality – Salwa Ismail, Rethinking Islamist Politics. Culture, the State and Islamism. London: I.B. Tauris, 2006 (Inst. of Int. Relations Praha). Revolution, social movements – Neil Ketchely, Egypt in a Time of Revolution: Contentious Politics and the Arab Spring, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017 (AS CR - Oriental Inst. Praha). Elites, Social Construction of Power – Dave Eickelman, Knowledge and Power in Morocco. The Education of the Twentieth Century Notable. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992 (AS CR - Oriental Inst. Praha). Arab Spring, Sectarianism – Toby Matthiesen, Sectarian Gulf: Bahrain, Saudi Arabia and the Arab Spring that Wasn’t, Stanford University Press, 2013 (AS CR – Oriental Inst. Praha).
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Poslední úprava: Katarína Palčová, M.A. (18.02.2019)
First Term
1) Nationalism in the Middle East: Origins and Debates 2) The Middle East on the Eve of Modernity 3) The Late Ottoman Empire I: Reform, Ottomanism and Nationalism before Berlin 4) The Late Ottoman Empire II: Reform, Ottomanism and Nationalism after Berlin 5) Reforming the Empire in Qajar Iran 6) World War One and the conflicting British promises 7) Nationalism and Secularism in Republican Turkey 8) Creating a Dynastic Nation: Pahlavi Iran 9) The Making of a Transnational Community: Pan-Arabism in the inter-war Period 10) Nationalism and its ‘Other’: Islam in Egypt 11) Clerics & Revolution: Iran 1978-79 12) Constructing the National Past: History-writing and nation building in Turkey, Iran and the Arab world 13) Revision Session
Second Term
February 20: Introduction: Middle East and social sciences.
1. The Problem of “Studying” the Region
27 February: Points of Access and Knowledge Formation
Readings: Jan Mrázek (2017). Returns to the Wide World: Errant Bohemian Images of Race and Colonialism, Studies in Travel Writing, 21:2. Lila Abu-Lughod (2002). Do Muslim Women Really Need Saving? Anthropological Reflections on Cultural Relativism and its Others, American Anthropologist, vol. 104, No. 3.
March 6: The Role of Religion.
Samuli Schielke (2015). I Want to be Committed. Short-lived Trajectories of Salafi Activism in Egypt. Ricerca Folklorica 69 Saba Mahmud (2009). Religious Reason and Secular Affect. An Incommensurable Divide? Critical Inquiry, vol. 34, n. 4.
2. Political Domination and Resistance
March 13: Understanding Revolutions
Youssef El Chazli (2012), On the Road to Revolutions. How did “depoliticized” Egyptians Became Revolutionaries? Revue Française de Science Politique, 5, vol. 62. Henry Weltmeyer (2011), Unrest and Change. Dispatches from the Frontline of the Class War in Egypt, Globalizations, vol. 5, no. 5.
March 20: The State and Social Production of Power
Mounira Charrad (2011), Central and Local Patrimonialism: State-Building in Kin-Based Societies, The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 636, Patrimonial Power in the Modern World. Julia Elyachar (2014, Upending Infrastructure: Tamarod, Resistance, and Agency after the January 25th Revolution in Egypt, History and Anthropology, 25:4.
3. Youth Cultures
March 27: Youth and Generation Change
Omnia El Shakry (2011), Youth as a Peril and Promise. The Emergence of Adolescent Psychology in Postwar Egypt, International Journal of Middle East Studies, 43. Deeb, Lara and Mona Harb. 2013. “Choosing Both Faith and Fun: Youth Negotiations of Moral Norms in South Beirut,” Ethnos: Journal of Anthropology. 78(1): 1-22.
April 3: Gender, Family, Intimacies
Aymon Kreil (2016), Territories of Desire: A Geography of Competing Intimacies in Cairo, Journal of Middle East Women's Studies, 12 (2). Lila Abu Lughod (2011), Seductions of the “Honor Crime”, Differences: A Journal of Feminist Cultural Studies, 22:1. Tania Forte (2001), Shopping in Jenin. Women, homes and political persons in Galilee, City and Society, Volume 13, Issue 2.
4. Studies on Cultural Production: Arts and Media
April 10: Arts and Consumption
Jonathan H. Shannon (2003), Sultans of Spin: Syrian Sacred Music on the World Stage, American Anthropologist, Vol. 105, No. 2. Christa Salamandra (2000), Consuming Damascus: Public Culture and the Construction of Social Identity in Walter Armbrust (ed.) Mass Mediations. New Approaches to Popular Culture in the Middle East and Beyond. California: University of California Press.
April 17: Media and Technology
Donatella Della Ratta and Augusto Valeriani (2017), Just a Bunch of Arab Geeks? How a “Techie” Elite Shaped a Digital Culture in the Arab Region and Contributed to the Making of Arab Uprisings in Tarik Sabry and Layal Ftouni (eds) Arab Subcultures. Transformations in Theory and Practice. London: I.B. Tauris. Lori Allen (2009), Martyr bodies in the media: Human rights, aesthetics, and the politics of immediation in the Palestinian intifada, American Ethnologist, 36:1.
5. Understanding Sectarian Politics
April 24: Guest Lecture: Jakub Záhora
Marik Shtern & Haim Yacobi (2018): The urban geopolitics of neighboring: conflict, encounter and class in Jerusalem’s settlement/neighborhood, Urban Geography. Hadas Weiss (2011), Immigration and West Bank Settlement Normalization, Political and Legal Anthropology Review, vol. 34, no. 1.
May 1 – Bank Holiday – No Class May 8 – Bank Holiday – No Class
6. City and Economics
May 15: Class, Welfare and Social Mobility
Julia Elyachar (2003), Mappings of Power: The State, NGOs, and International Organizations in the Informal Economy of Cairo, Comparative Studies in Society and History, Vol. 45, No. 3. Marie Vannetzel (2017), The Muslim Brotherhood’s ‘Virtuous society’ and State Developmentalism in Egypt: The Politics of ‘Goodness’, in Irene Bono, Béatrice Hibou (eds) Development as a Battlefield, Brill.
May 22: City and Society Farha Ghannam (2011), Mobility, liminality, and embodiment in urban Egypt, American Ethnologist, 38/4. Anke Reichenbach (2015), Gazes That Matter: Young Emirati Women's Spatial Practices In Dubai, in Urban Anthropology and Studies of Cultural Systems and World Economic Development, Vol. 44, No. 1/2, SPECIAL ISSUE: Muslim Women in the Middle East. |