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Course, academic year 2023/2024
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Group Theory and its Applications in Physics - NTMF061
Title: Teorie grup a její aplikace ve fyzice
Guaranteed by: Institute of Theoretical Physics (32-UTF)
Faculty: Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
Actual: from 2020
Semester: winter
E-Credits: 6
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:2/2, C+Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: Czech, English
Teaching methods: full-time
Teaching methods: full-time
Additional information: http://utf.mff.cuni.cz/vyuka/NTMF061
Guarantor: doc. RNDr. Karel Houfek, Ph.D.
doc. RNDr. Přemysl Kolorenč, Ph.D.
Comes under: Doporučené přednášky 1/2
Annotation -
Last update: prof. RNDr. Jiří Podolský, CSc., DSc. (29.04.2019)
In this course, students become familiar with basic notions and results of the group theory and the representation theory for both finite and continuous (Lie) groups and learn how to use them to solve problems in physics. For the 1st and 2nd year of the TF and JSF studies.
Course completion requirements -
Last update: doc. RNDr. Karel Houfek, Ph.D. (18.02.2022)

The condition for granting the credit is the fulfillment of take-home problems. This credit is not a condition for participation in the exam.

Literature -
Last update: doc. RNDr. Přemysl Kolorenč, Ph.D. (28.09.2021)

Cornwell J. F.: Group Theory in Physics, Volumes I and II (Academic Press, London 1984)

Morton Hamermesh: Group Theory and Its Application to Physical Problems, Dover Publications, 1989

Shlomo Sternberg: Group theory and physics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1994

Otto Litzman, Milan Sekanina: Užití grup ve fyzice, Academia, Praha 1982

Ma, Z.-Qi: Group Theory for Physicists (World Scientific, New Jersey 2007)

Marián Fecko: Diferenciálna geometria a Lieove grupy pre fyzikov, IRIS, Bratislava 2004, chapt. 10-12

Isham, C. J.: Modern Differential Geometry for Physicists, 2nd Ed. (World Scientific, Singapore 1999)

Requirements to the exam -
Last update: doc. RNDr. Karel Houfek, Ph.D. (18.02.2022)

The exam is oral. The requirements correspond to the syllabus of the course to the extent that was presented at the lectures.

Syllabus -
Last update: doc. RNDr. Přemysl Kolorenč, Ph.D. (30.09.2019)
Fundamentals of the theory of finite and Lie groups
Groups and their subgroups (basic properties and theorems), group homomorphism and isomorphism, group action on a set, Lie groups and its algebra (geometrical and matrix approach), one-parameter subgroups of the Lie group and exponential map, summary of matrix groups and their properties (double cover of SO(3) by SU(2))

Fundamentals of the representation theory of groups
Representation as a group action on linear spaces, invariant subspaces, equivalent, unitary, irreducible, and (completely) reducible representations, basic theorems for finite and compact Lie groups (Schur's lemma, orthogonality relations, characters and their properties, Peter-Weyl theorem, Casimir operators, Racah theorem), summary of results of the representation theory of the symmetric group and the group SU(n)

Applications in quantum theory
Classification of eigenvalues and eigenstates of an operator by irreducible representations of a symmetry group, coupled systems and decomposition of reducible representations (Clebch-Gordan series and coefficients), evaluation of matrix elements using group-theoretical methods (irreducible tensor operators, general Wigner-Eckart theorem, selection rules)

All notions and theorems will be illustrated by examples of point groups (which describe molecular and crystal symmetries and which play important role in quantum chemistry, molecular spectroscopy and solid state physics) and selected Lie groups such as SO(3), SU(2), and SU(3) (which are important in atomic, nuclear and particle physics).

Previous knowledge of groups is not assumed, but working knowledge of linear algebra and basic quantum mechanics is necessary for application.

 
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