SubjectsSubjects(version: 945)
Course, academic year 2023/2024
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Introduction to Practical Physics - NOFY055
Title: Úvod do praktické fyziky
Guaranteed by: Laboratory of General Physics Education (32-KVOF)
Faculty: Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
Actual: from 2020
Semester: winter
E-Credits: 2
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:0/2, C [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: Czech
Teaching methods: full-time
Teaching methods: full-time
Additional information: https://physics.mff.cuni.cz/kfnt/vyuka/upf/
Guarantor: prof. Mgr. Jakub Čížek, Ph.D.
doc. RNDr. Vojtěch Chlan, Ph.D.
doc. RNDr. Helena Valentová, Ph.D.
Annotation -
Last update: CISAROVA/MFF.CUNI.CZ (23.04.2009)
Preparatory course (seminar) for work in the student laboratory. It gives basic survey about analysis of data obtained in physical experiment, uncertainties of measured quantities and methods of their estimation. Main attention is draw to giving a basic summary of statistical methods and their practical applications in analysis of physical experiments, estimation of parameters and fitting models to data. The course is recommended for students of baccalaureate of physics.
Aim of the course -
Last update: CISAROVA/MFF.CUNI.CZ (23.04.2009)

The aim of this subject is to give a basic survey about methods of analysis of experimental data, evaluation of uncertainties and parameter estimations. A practical application of statistical methods to data obtained in physical experiment is emphasized. This subject is intended as a preparatory seminar for work in the student laboratory.

Course completion requirements -
Last update: prof. Mgr. Jakub Čížek, Ph.D. (25.09.2020)

Successful passing of two control tests during semester is required in order to obtain credit.

Some credits can be obtained by successful solution of homework problems or exercises discussed in the seminar.

Literature -
Last update: prof. Mgr. Jakub Čížek, Ph.D. (10.06.2019)

1. Cowan G.: Statistical Data Analysis, Claredon Press, Oxford 1998.

2. W.T. Eadie et al.: Statistical Methods in Experimental Physics, North Holland, Amsterdam 1971

3. Jaynes E.T.: Probability Theory the Logic of Science, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2003

4. Barlow R.J.: Statistics. A Guide to the Use of Statistical Methods in the Physical Sciences, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester 1989

5. Johnson N.L., Leone F.C.: Statistics and Experimental Designs, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1964

Teaching methods -
Last update: prof. Mgr. Jakub Čížek, Ph.D. (10.06.2019)

seminar

Syllabus -
Last update: T_KVOF (26.05.2003)
1. Measuring errors
  • basic classification, random error, systematical error, illegal error
  • sources and character of errors at various methods of measurements
  • estimation of the method and instrumental error, acuracy rating
  • logging of experimental results
  • estimation of the maximal error of indirect measurements, basic operations with random variables

2. Basic of mathematical statistics

  • random event, random value, probability
  • probability distribution
  • mean value, moments of the random quantity
  • probability distribution of several random quantities, correlation
  • central statistical theorem

3. Maximum likelihood axiom

  • estimation of the statistical distribution parameters
  • mean value, standard error
  • deviated estimation
  • propagation of erroers, measuring instrument error

4. Method of least squares

  • fit to a straight line
  • fit to an arbitrary Function

5. Practicall giudes for the data treatment

  • drawing of figures
  • numerical methods, splines
  • estimation of fit parameters error

 
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