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Course, academic year 2023/2024
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Applied Geophysics - Field Measurements - NGEO031
Title: Užitá geofyzika - terénní měření
Guaranteed by: Department of Geophysics (32-KG)
Faculty: Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
Actual: from 2022
Semester: summer
E-Credits: 3
Hours per week, examination: summer s.:0/2, C [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: cancelled
Language: Czech
Teaching methods: full-time
Teaching methods: full-time
Guarantor: RNDr. Miroslav Kobr, CSc.
Classification: Physics > Geophysics
Co-requisite : NGEO007
Annotation -
Last update: T_KG (16.05.2001)
Field measurements by methods of geophysical prospection at the geophysical camp of the Faculty of Science, Charles University.
Aim of the course -
Last update: T_KG (14.04.2008)

Students acquire skills with regards to geophysical field measurements.

Literature - Czech
Last update: T_KG (14.04.2008)
  • Mareš,S. a kol.(1979): Úvod do užité geofyziky. - SNTL/ALFA, 590 str., Praha
  • Mareš,S et al.(1984): Introduction to Applied Geophysics. - D.Reidel Publishing Company, pp. 581, Dordrecht, Holland
  • Telford,W.M.,Geldart,L.P.,Sheriff,R.E.(1990): Applied Geophysics. - Cambridge University Press, pp.770, New York
  • Sharma,V.(1997): Environmental and engineering geophysics. - Cambridge University Press, pp.475, Cambridge, UK
  • Reynolds,J.M.(1997): An introduction to applied and environmental geophysics. - John Wiley and Sons, New York

Mussett, A.E.and Khan,M.A. (2000): Looking into the Earth (An introduction to geological geophysics). - Cambridge University Press, 470 pp., ISBN 0 521 78574 X (paperback), ISBN 0 521 78085 3 (hardback)

Teaching methods -
Last update: T_KG (11.04.2008)

Field measurements

Syllabus -
Last update: T_KG (14.04.2008)
1. Basic information about geological media.

Principal rockforming minerals. Igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. tectonics processes. Ore and industrial minerals, raw materials deposits. Underground water. Surface and near-surface geological phenomena (geomorphology, weathering, slides etc.).

2. Brief review of methods used in applied geophysics.

3. Gravimetric methods.

Physical and geological principles. Global gravity field and gravity anomalies. Examples of anomalies caused by simple geological bodies. Instruments used in gravimetry. Obtaining, processing and interpretation of gravity data. Examples of using gravimetric method in solving geological and other problems.

4. Magnetometric methods

Physical and geological principles. Variations of the geomagnetic field. Total magnetic field and its components. Magnetic field of simple magnetic bodies. Instruments used in magnetometry. Field measurements and data processing and interpretation. Examples of using magnetometric methods in solving geological and other problems.

5. Radiometric methods and methods of nuclear physics.

Physical and geological principles. Radiometric exploration methods - data obtaining, processing and interpretation, instruments used in radiometry. Use of radiometric methods in prospecting and exploration of radioactive materials, use in other fields of geological and other investigations, radon risk. Methods of nuclear physic - gamma-gamma method, neutron-gamma method, neutron activation analysis and other methods.

6. Geothermal methods.

Physical and geological principles. Near-surface temperature variations. Instruments used in surface and near-surface measurements. Examples of using thermal field anomalies in solving geological and other problems.

7. Geoelectrical methods.

Fundamental division of geoelectrical methods, physical and geological principles. Direct current methods - resistivity and potential methods - instruments for field surveys, data obtaining, processing and interpretation. Electromagnetic methods - harmonic and transient fields, instruments used, data obtaining, processing and interpretation. Use of geoelectrical methods in solving geological and other problems.

8. Seismic methods.

Physical and geological principles. Seismic waves in natural media. Travel-time curves. Seismic instruments. Reflection seismics - data acquisition, processing and interpretation - single and multiple coverage, digital data processing, time and depth sections. Advanced processing, direct indication methods. Refraction seismics - velocity gradient media, data acquisistion, processing and interpreting. Examples of using seismic methods in solving problems of oil, gas and coal deposits, industrial materials deposits and engineering geology etc.

9. Well-logging.

Logging philosophy and equipment. Principal methods of well-logging : electrical logging, nuclear logging, acoustic and magnetic logs. Methods used to the determination of borehole parameters. Borehole fluids measurements. Rational complex of logging methods. Examples of using well-logging in solving geological and other problems.

 
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