SubjectsSubjects(version: 945)
Course, academic year 2023/2024
   Login via CAS
Correlations in Many-Electron Systems - NFPL551
Title: Korelace v mnohoelektronových systémech
Guaranteed by: Department of Condensed Matter Physics (32-KFKL)
Faculty: Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
Actual: from 2014
Semester: summer
E-Credits: 3
Hours per week, examination: summer s.:2/0, Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: Czech, English
Teaching methods: full-time
Teaching methods: full-time
Note: course can be enrolled in outside the study plan
enabled for web enrollment
Guarantor: Mgr. Jindřich Kolorenč, Ph.D.
Annotation -
Last update: T_KFES (15.05.2014)
At the start of the course we recall the Hartree–Fock approximation that, apart from the Pauli principle, neglects all other correlations among particles. Using applications to a few simple systems we illustrate the accuracy as well as the weaknesses of this approximation. For the ground state of the helium atom we construct a considerably more accurate wave function that takes into account correlations among the two electrons and that still allows for evaluation of the approximate ground-state energy by analytical means. Numerical methods will applied for analogous correlated wave functions.
Course completion requirements -
Last update: Mgr. Jindřich Kolorenč, Ph.D. (07.06.2019)

Oral exam.

Literature -
Last update: Mgr. Jindřich Kolorenč, Ph.D. (29.04.2019)

A. Szabo, N. S. Ostlund, Modern quantum chemistry, Dover Publications, 1996.

G. F. Giuliani, G. Vignale, Quantum theory of the electron liquid, Cambridge University Press, 2005.

E. A. Hylleraas, Neue Berechnung der Energie des Heliums im Grundzustande, sowie des tiefsten Terms von Ortho-Helium, Z. Physik 54, 347–366 (1929); English translation of this paper is a part of the book H. Hettema, Quantum chemistry: Classic scientific papers, World Scientific, 2000.

P. Fulde, Correlated electrons in quantum matter, World Scientific, 2012.

B. L. Hammond, W. A. Lester, jr., P. J. Reynolds, Monte Carlo methods in ab initio quantum chemistry, World Scientific, 1994.

I. Kosztin, B. Faber, K. Schulten, Introduction to the diffusion Monte Carlo method, Am. J. Phys. 64, 633–644 (1996).

J. Kolorenč, L. Mitas, Applications of quantum Monte Carlo methods in condensed systems, Rep. Prog. Phys. 74, 026502 (2011).

Requirements to the exam -
Last update: Mgr. Jindřich Kolorenč, Ph.D. (07.06.2019)

Exam has only an oral part. Requirements correspond to the syllabus to the extent presented during lectures.

Syllabus -
Last update: Mgr. Jindřich Kolorenč, Ph.D. (29.04.2019)

The aim of the course is to illustrate selected general principles on simple examples, both in tight-binding lattice models and in the direct space.

Hydrogen molecule as the simplest example of strong electron-electron correlations:
Hubbard model with just two orbitals, shortcomings of the Hartree–Fock approximation illustrated by comparison with the exact solution (spin contamination, overestimated tendency toward magnetic states), relationship between the Hubbard model (charge and spin) and the Heisenberg model (spin only) – origin of magnetism in strong correlations among electrons.

Magnetic impurity in a metal:
Anderson impurity model, approximate description of the ground state in the limit of strong Coulomb interaction using the Gunnarsson–Schönhammer method, similarity to the hydrogen molecule, response to the homogeneous magnetic field and the static susceptibility, Kondo effect.

Correlated metal:
Hubbard model, Gutzwiller wave function and Gutzwiller approximation, suppression of the electron mobility due to electron-electron repulsion, metal–insulator transition.

Helium atom and helium-like ions:
analytical properties of explicitly correlated wave functions in Coulomb systems, Jastrow correlation factor, Hylleraas variational method (or how to hold the hydrogen anion together with just a pen and paper), amount of correlations in orthohelium and parahelium.

Variational Monte Carlo:
evaluation of quantum-mechanical expectation values by means of stochastic integration, Metropolis algorithm for generation of random numbers with complicated multivariate distributions, elementary properties of Markov chains that represent the basis of the Metropolis algorithm.

Diffusion Monte Carlo:
projection of the exact ground state from an approximate wave function, Feynman–Kac formula, stochastic evaluation of the path integral, fermion sign problem, examples of applications.

 
Charles University | Information system of Charles University | http://www.cuni.cz/UKEN-329.html