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Course, academic year 2023/2024
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Fundamentals of Crystallography - NFPL148
Title: Základy krystalografie
Guaranteed by: Department of Condensed Matter Physics (32-KFKL)
Faculty: Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
Actual: from 2022
Semester: summer
E-Credits: 3
Hours per week, examination: summer s.:1/1, Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: not taught
Language: Czech
Teaching methods: full-time
Teaching methods: full-time
Guarantor: prof. RNDr. Radomír Kužel, CSc.
doc. RNDr. Stanislav Daniš, Ph.D.
RNDr. Milan Dopita, Ph.D.
Annotation -
Last update: T_KFES (21.05.2004)
Specialized lecture on crystallography. Symmetry of crystal structures, crystal lattices, point groups, space groups, Miller indices, reciprocal lattice, macroscopic symmetry, stereographic projection, International Tables for Crystallography and their application, symmetry and physical properties. Further applications in X-ray structure analysis can be found in lecture FPL 049.
Course completion requirements -
Last update: prof. RNDr. Radomír Kužel, CSc. (12.05.2022)

Participation and solution of selected tasks. Oral exam.

Literature -
Last update: prof. RNDr. Radomír Kužel, CSc. (10.05.2019)

Václav Valvoda, Milena Polcarová, Pavel Lukáč: Základy strukturní analýzy. Univerzita Karlova. Praha 1992.

I. Kraus: Úvod do strukturní rentgenografie. Academia. Praha 1985.

Další

Maureen M. Julian: Foundations of Crystallography with Computer Applications. CRC Press. Taylor and Francis Group. 2015

Boris K. Vainshtein: Modern crystallography. Vol. 1. Fundamentals of crystals. Symmetry, and methods of structural crystallography. (Second enlarged edition.) Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1994

Robert E. Newnham: Properties of Materials. Anisotropy. Symmetry. Structure. Oxford University Press. 2005

Marc de Graaf and Michael McHenry: Structure of Materials. An Introduction to Crystallograhy, Diffraction and Symmetry. Cambridge University Press. 2007

Syllabus -
Last update: T_KFES (21.05.2004)
I. Crystals and their symmetry.
Historic introduction. Local symmetry of atoms in solids, directional and isotropic bonds of atoms. Construction of crystals with the aid of the atomic layers with different symmetry - close packed structures, primitive and centered structures. Interstitial structures. Crystal representation with the aid of projections - crystallographic planes.

II. Representation of symmetry of ordered structures
Translation periodicity of crystals. Plane and space (Bravais) lattices. Crystallogrpahic classes. Notation of planes, directions and points. Reciprocal lattice. Miller indeces. Crystallographic symmetry elements. Matrix representation of symmetry elements. Macroscopic symmetry of crystals and point group. Plane and space groups. Stereographic projection.

III. Representation of crystallographic groups
Introduction to group theory. Basic definitions. Crystallogrpahic groups. Sub-groups and super-groups. Examples of groups. Classification of plane and space groups in International Tables of Crystallography.

International (Hermann-Mauguin) and Schoenflies symbols. Diagrams of space groups. Generators. Wyckoff positions.

IV. Symmetry and physiacl properties of crystals
Anisotropy of physical properties and their tensor description. Anisotropic temperature factor. Electric and elastic properties of crystals - pyroelectricity, dielectric and optical properties, piezoelectricity

 
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