SubjectsSubjects(version: 945)
Course, academic year 2016/2017
   Login via CAS
Practical Crystallography - NFPL027
Title: Praktická krystalografie
Guaranteed by: Department of Condensed Matter Physics (32-KFKL)
Faculty: Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
Actual: from 2016 to 2021
Semester: summer
E-Credits: 3
Hours per week, examination: summer s.:1/1, C [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: Czech
Teaching methods: full-time
Teaching methods: full-time
Guarantor: prof. RNDr. Radomír Kužel, CSc.
Annotation -
Last update: Mgr. Kateřina Mikšová (10.06.2022)
Recommended for diploma and PhD students working with crystalline materials but non-specialized in the field of X-ray crystallography. Simple explanation of basic crystallographic terms like crystal lattice, reciprocal lattice, Miller indices of planes, symmetry operations, point groups, space groups, International Tables for Crystallography, structural databases, PC programs. Main applications in structure analysis by means of X-ray and electron diffraction: diffraction conditions, crystal orientation, lattice parameters, structure determination, phase analysis, texture, thin films, noncrystalline materials, comparison of X-ray, electron and neutron diffraction, simulation of X-ray and electron diffractograms. More details can be found in lecture FPL 049, for applications in biophysics see FPL 025.
Literature - Czech
Last update: Mgr. Kateřina Mikšová (10.06.2022)

1) V. Valvoda, M. Polcarová, P. Lukáč: Základy strukturní analýzy, Karolinum, Praha 1992.

2) G. Giacovazzo et al.: Fundamentals of Crystallography 2nd Edition, IUCr, Oxford Science Publications, Oxford 2002.

3) L. V. Azároff: Elements of X-ray Crystallography, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York 1968.

4) B. Smola: Transmisní elektronová mikroskopie ve fyzice pevných látek (skripta), SPN, Praha 1983.

Syllabus -
Last update: Mgr. Kateřina Mikšová (10.06.2022)
Crystallography
Plane and space lattices, Miller indices of planes, indices of directions, stereographic projection, elementary cell, transformation of axes and of Miller indices and direction indices. Reciprocal lattice, their sections and changes of orientation. Inteplanar distances, angles between planes. Symmetry elements, point groups of symmetry, crystallographic space groups, symmetry equivalent sites, Intenational tables for Crystallography. Basic structural types, atomic positions and symmetry of crystals, structural databases, computer visualisation of crystal structures.

Diffraction
Laue diffraction conditions, general diffraction conditions, Bragg´s law. Application of the reciprocal lattice in interpretation of diffraction patterns. Determination of crystal orientation by the Laue method. Determination of lattice parameters using the method of rotating crystal and by the powder method. Conditions for reflection extinctions and crystal symmetry. Simulations of electron diffraction in different directions in reciprocal lattice. Identification of crystalline substances, database of diffraction standards PDF2. Quantitative phase analysis. Determination of the degree of a long-range order. Texture (preferred orientation of crystallites) and its analysis by X-ray diffraction. A comparison of electron and neutron diffraction. Study of surfaces, thin films and multilayers (thickness, roughness of interfaces, density, grain size, strain). Epitaxial layers. Amorphous materials and polymers.

 
Charles University | Information system of Charles University | http://www.cuni.cz/UKEN-329.html