SubjectsSubjects(version: 945)
Course, academic year 2023/2024
   Login via CAS
Formation and Evolution of Galaxies - NAST012
Title: Vznik a vývoj galaxií
Guaranteed by: Astronomical Institute of Charles University (32-AUUK)
Faculty: Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
Actual: from 2011
Semester: winter
E-Credits: 3
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:2/0, Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: Czech
Teaching methods: full-time
Teaching methods: full-time
Guarantor: RNDr. Bruno Jungwiert, Ph.D.
Annotation -
Last update: G_F (26.05.2010)
The lecture focuses at acquainting with the progress achieved in exploration of galaxies within approximately the last decade thanks to combining new observational data, theoretical models and supercomputer simulations. It will review the state of knowledge concerning the formation and evolution of galaxies in the context of the currently standard cosmological model and will provide a theoretical framework for interpreting new observations of galaxies carried out with present/future ground-based and cosmic telescopes.
Course completion requirements -
Last update: prof. RNDr. David Vokrouhlický, DrSc. (10.06.2019)

Oral examination.

Literature -
Last update: prof. RNDr. David Vokrouhlický, DrSc. (10.01.2019)

Mo H., van den Bosch F., White S.,

Galaxy Formation and Evolution,

2011, Cambridge University Press

ISBN 978-0-521-85793-2

Syllabus -
Last update: RNDr. Bruno Jungwiert, Ph.D. (16.05.2012)

1. Modern morphological, spectro-photometric and kinematical classifications of galaxies

2. Galaxies at different cosmological distances (z=0-10).

Observational methods at different cosmological distances

Main photometric and spectroscopic surveys of galaxies:

2dFGRS, SDSS, GEMS, VVDS, COSMOS, SAURON, ATLAS3D, CALIFA, ...

3. Color diagram of galaxies: red sequence, blue cloud, green valley.

Passive vs. active evolution of galaxies.

4. Spatially resolved stellar populations in galaxies. History

of star formation in different types of galaxies. Schmidt-Kennicutt law

of star-formation.

5. Dark matter and Modified Newtonian dynamics as its alternative.

Universality of the dark halo density profile. Navarro-Frenk-White and

Einasto profiles. Triaxiality, orientation and truncation of the halo.

6. Interactions of galaxies. Galaxy mergers: minor vs. major mergers. Tidal

deformations. Collisional debris (shells, rings, bridges, tidal tails).

Transformation of galactic type due to galaxy interaction. Galaxy formation

during interaction

7. Cosmological evolution of the mass and luminosity functions of galaxies.

Cosmological evolution of the global star formation rate. Influence of galaxy

interactions on the star formation rate

8. Co-evolution of galaxies and central super-massive black-holes.

Feedback AGN-host galaxy. Correlations between the central black-hole mass and

properties of host galaxies. Cosmological evolution of these correlations.

The influence of the central black-hole on the radial profile of the stellar

density. Nuclear star clusters. Binary supermassive black-holes, binary

quasars

9. Theory of the spiral density waves - history and presence.

Instability of disks. Stationary vs. transient density waves.

Kinematical vs dynamical density waves.

10. Migration mechanisms in galaxies. Bars, double-bars. Angular momentum exchange on Lindblad resonances and

corotation resonance. Migration caused by transient spiral arms. Migration caused by resonance overlap.

Other migration mechanisms.

11. Chemodynamical evolution of galaxies. Radial gradients of abundances. Age-metallicity and age-velocity

relations. Metallicity distribution function. The G-dwarf problem.

12. Current standard Lambda-CDM cosmological model and its implications

for the formation and evolution of galaxies and galaxy clusters/superclusters.

Evolution of galaxy mass. Galaxy collisions vs cold and hot accretion.

13. N-body/hydrodynamical simulations of galaxies and of the cosmic

structure (Millenium, Aquarius, Via Lactea, ...)

Literature:

  • Mo, H., van den Bosch, F., White, S., Galaxy Formation and Evolution,

Cambridge University Press; 1st edition (2010), ISBN-13: 978-0521857932

  • study materials prepared by the lecturer

  • papers recommended by the lecturer

 
Charles University | Information system of Charles University | http://www.cuni.cz/UKEN-329.html