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Course, academic year 2023/2024
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Physics - MC260P24
Title: Fyzika
Czech title: Fyzika
Guaranteed by: Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry (31-260)
Faculty: Faculty of Science
Actual: from 2014
Semester: summer
E-Credits: 4
Examination process: summer s.:
Hours per week, examination: summer s.:2/0, Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: Czech, English
Note: enabled for web enrollment
Guarantor: doc. Ing. Zuzana Limpouchová, CSc.
Teacher(s): doc. Ing. Zuzana Limpouchová, CSc.
Annotation -
Last update: doc. Ing. Zuzana Limpouchová, CSc. (12.06.2014)
Basic course of physics for the first year students of environmental sciences. It provides the fundamentals of physics that are necessary for understanding of following courses in other disciplines. English version for Erasmus students is in the form of consultations.
Literature - Czech
Last update: ZUSKOVA (29.01.2003)

P. Halliday, R. Resnick, J. Walker: Fundamental of Physics, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1997.

P. Halliday, R. Resnick, J. Walker: Fyzika, český překlad P. Dub a kol.,VUTIUM, Brno 2000.

Beiser A.: Úvod do moderní fyziky, Academia, Praha 1978.

K.B.Krauskopf, A.Beiser: The Physical Universe, McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York 1991 (6.vydání).

M. M. Sternheim, J. W. Kane: General Physics, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1991.

F. W. Sears, M. W. Zemansky: University Physics, Addison-Wesley, New York 1991.

Requirements to the exam - Czech
Last update: doc. Ing. Zuzana Limpouchová, CSc. (01.12.2011)

Zkouška je písemná a ústní. Písemná část zkoušky trvá ca 45 minut a pro pokračování ústní zkouškou je nutné odpovědět správně alespoň na polovinu z dvaceti kratších otázek ze všech odpřednesených tematických okruhů.

Při ústní zkoušce si student vylosuje dvě otázky rozsáhlejšího charakteru ze všech odpřednesených tematických okruhů. Na přípravu má 20 min. Pro úspěšné zvládnutí zkoušky je třeba zodpovědět obě otázky a prokázat porozumění problému. Ani excelentní zodpovězení jedné otázky nemůže vykompenzovat naprostou neznalost druhé otázky.

Syllabus -
Last update: doc. Ing. Zuzana Limpouchová, CSc. (12.02.2015)

SELECTED TOPICS OF PHYSICS
Basic course of physics for student of environmental sciences

1. INTRODUCTION
Basic principles of scientific methodology in physics (natural sciences), SI units

2. MECHANICS
Newton's laws of motion and their applications (conservation of energy and momentum);
Dynamics of mass point in force field (conservative and non-conservative forces, potential energy)
Motion of solid body (translation, rotation, conservation of angular momentum)
Many body dynamics (kinetic theory of matter, thermal motion and temperature)

3. PHYSICAL FIELD
Newton's law of universal gravitation (gravitational force and its potential energy)
Electrostatic field (Coulomb's law, Gauss's law, electrostatic potential energy, electric charge, electric dipole, electrostatic field in conductors and dielectrics)
Magnetic field (sources and description, Lorentz’s force, Biot-Savart’s law, Amper’s law, magnetic field in diamagnetic and paramagnetic materials)
Electromagnetic induction

4. WAVES
Oscillations (quasielastic forces, linear harmonic oscillator, its energy, interference)
Waves (progressive waves, standing waves, polarization, interference, wave equation, phase and group velocity, Huygens-Fresnel’s principle, sound waves, electromagnetic waves, light)

5. INTRODUCTION TO QUANTUM MECHANICS
Spectrum of black-body radiation, Planck’s law
Corpuscular properties of waves (photoelectric effect, x-rays, Compton effect)
Wave properties of particles (De Broglie waves and their interference)
Wave-corpuscular dualism (Heisenberg’s uncertainty relations, wave function, Schrodinger’s equation, laser principle)

6. INTRODUCTION TO NUCLEAR PHYSICS
Composition of nucleus and its properties, nuclear masses (Bethe-Weizsacker semi-empirical mass formula), mass defect and binding energy
Fundamental interactions in nuclei (strong, weak, electromagnetic)
Radioactive decay (decay constant, lifetime, half-life, activity)
Nuclear reactions (artificial transmutation of elements, fission and fusion)
Interaction of particles (waves) with matter (radiation dose, dose equivalent and radiation exposure)

 

The basic knowledge of differential and integral calculus is necessary.

 
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