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Course, academic year 2023/2024
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Sociobiology of primates and man - MB170P93
Title: Sociobiologie primátů a člověka
Czech title: Sociobiologie primátů a člověka
Guaranteed by: Department of Zoology (31-170)
Faculty: Faculty of Science
Actual: from 2009 to 2023
Semester: summer
E-Credits: 3
Examination process: summer s.:
Hours per week, examination: summer s.:2/0, Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: Czech
Note: enabled for web enrollment
Guarantor: prof. RNDr. Daniel Frynta, Ph.D.
Teacher(s): prof. RNDr. Daniel Frynta, Ph.D.
Annotation -
Last update: prof. RNDr. Daniel Frynta, Ph.D. (05.10.2023)
Please note, the lectures are given in Czech language. English version of the course can be requested in advance if there
are at least 3 students.
Structure and ecology of traditional communities; social and mating systems in primates: treeshrews, prosimians, New World
monkeys, Old World monkeys, apes; general characteristics of man behaviour; genetics of behaviour (alcoholism, IQ tests,
mental diseases, personality); cultural transmissions; human sociobiology; evolutionary psychology - mate choice and sexual
selection in man; ethnical classification of nature and animals
The lecture is supplemented by one-day excursions to a selected zoo (students' financial participation required - entrance and travel fees).
Literature -
Last update: JPROKOP (04.06.2007)

Barkow J.H., Cosmides L. & Tooby J., 1992: The adapted mind: evolutionary psychology and the generation of culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 667 pp.

Benedictová R.: Kulturní vzorce. Praha: Argo 1999 (edice Capricorn), 223 pp.

Blackmore S. 1999: The meme machine, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 264 pp.

Buss D.M., 1994: The evolution of desire: strategies of human mating. New York: Basic Books, 199 pp.

Cavalli-Sforza L.L., Menozzi P., Piazza A. 1994: The history and geography of human genes. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 523 pp.

de Waal F., 2006: Dobráci od přírody [Good natured]. Praha: Academia, 324 pp.

Diamond J. 1992: Třetí šimpanz. [The third chimpanzee] Praha: Paseka, 394 pp.

Diamond J. 1998: Guns, germs and steel. London: Vintage, 480 pp.

Evans-Pritchard E.E. (1953): The Nuer: A Description of The Modes of Livelihood and Political Institutions of a Nilotic People. Oxford, 271 pp. (Rusky: Moskva 1985)

Evans-Pritchard E.E. (1951): Kinship and Marriage among the Nuer. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Reprint: Oxford: Clarendon (1990).

Foley R. 1998: [Humans before humanity.] Lidé před člověkem. Praha: Argo, 254 pp.

Gould S.J. 1981: [The mismeasure of man.] Jak neměřit člověka: pravda a předsudky v dějinách hodnocení lidské inteligence. Nakladatelství Lidové noviny 1997, 436 pp.

Hrdy S. (1981): The woman that never evolved. Harvard Univ. Press, 256 pp.

Marks J. 2006: Jsme téměř 100% šimpanzi? [What it means to be 98% chimpanzee] Praha: Academia, 349 pp.

Nesse R.M. and Williams G.C. 1994: [Why we get sick.] O příčinách a vzniku nemocí: jsou nemoci zakódovány v genech? Praha: Nakladatelství lidové noviny 1996, 335 pp.

Sykes B. 2004: Sedm dcer Eviných [The seven daughters of Eve] Praha: Paseka, 243 pp.

Wells S. 2005. Adam a jeho rod. [The journey of man.] Dokořán a Argo, 255 pp.

Wilson E.O. (1978): O lidské přirozenosti. [On Human Nature.] 235 pp. Česky ve špatném překladu: Nakladatelství Lidové Noviny (1993), 247 pp.

Wilson E.O. 1999: Konsilience: jednota vědění. [Consilience] Praha: Nakladatelství lidové noviny, 380 pp.

Wright R. 1995: Morální zvíře. [Moral animal] Praha: Lidové noviny, 478 pp.

Requirements to the exam - Czech
Last update: prof. RNDr. Daniel Frynta, Ph.D. (29.10.2011)

Zkouška je ústní a velmi podrobná. Předmětem zkoušky je vše, co bylo odpřednášeno behem přednášky, jakož i obsah doplňkové četby z oboru, kterou si studenti mohou zvolit dle pokynů vyučujícího (zpravidla nejméně jedna kniha o sociobiologii či evoluční psychologii, např. Diamond: Třetí šimpanz, jedna pojednávající o kulturní antropologii zvoleného etnika a jedna o sociálním chování vybraného druhu primátů). Zkouška prověřuje jak přímo znalosti, tak i schopnost pochopit souvislosti (k tomu jsou ovšem potřeba elementární znalosti historie, antropologie, psychologie, zoologie, ekologie a evoluční biologie a dalších biologických oborů získané předchozím studiem).

Syllabus -
Last update: JPROKOP (04.06.2007)

1. Phylogeography of contemporary populations of humans as revealed by genetic characters

Mitochondrial DNA, Y-chromosom, allozymes, antropometric characters.

2. Phylogeography of contemporary populations of humans as revealed by linguistic characters ¨

Lexical and gramatical characters, Indo-European languages, Austronesian languages, Bantu languages, Afro-Asian languages.

3. Social structure and ecology of traditional societies: anthropological approach

Traditional societies of Africa, America and Oceania. Classical approaches of cultural and social anthropology. Hunter-gatherers as a model.

4. Nuer society as an example

Evans-Pritchard and his detailed description of Nuer tribes in Sudan.

5. Classical sociobiology

Biological evolution of human behaviour, universal and general characters in human behaviour. Sociobiological approach to morality, moral decisions, altruism. Pseudospeciation and war. Incest taboo, exogamy, prescriptive marriage. Kinship.

6. Crosscultural studies

Distribution of polygyny, polyandry and monogamy. Hypergamy. Infanticide, infant killing in traditional societies.

7. Behavioral genetics

Learned and inherited in human behaviour, IQ, personality.

8. Evolutionary psychology I.

Evolution of desire, choice of a partner, the role of sexual selection.

9. Evolutionary psychology II.

Standard model in social sciences versus evolutionary psychology, classical experiments.

10. Cultural transmission of characters and memetics

Natural versus cultural selection, gene-culture coevolution.

11. Ethnical classifications of animals and

Principles of ethnobiological classification, generic names.

12. Consequences of human attitudes to animal species for conservation biology

Cross-cultural experiments, differential willingness to conserve animal species

13. Phylogeny of Primates and patterns of distribution of behavioural characters

Phylogenetic tree and evolutionary history of primates. Matri- versus patrilocality, antipredatory strategies, food sharing.

14. Social and mating systems: I. Prosimians and Platyrhini

Nocturnal activity and its consequences, solitary species, monogamy, polyandry, female dominance.

15. Social and mating systems: II. Langurs and their relatives

Infanticide, single male matrilinear groups.

16. Social and mating systems: III. Baboons, macaques, and guenons

matrilocal and patrilocal societies, friendships, multi-male groups, competition for food, matrilines.

16. Social and mating systems: IV. Great apes

Social behaviour of chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, orang-utans and gibbons

 
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