Last update: RNDr. Martin Čertner, Ph.D. (03.06.2019)
The lecture covers is detail various aspects of genome doubling (polyploidisation): its causes, attributes and consequences for the evolution of (not only) vascular plants. Attention is also given to genome size evolution, endoreduplication and to the methods frequently used to study such phenomena.
Last update: RNDr. Martin Čertner, Ph.D. (03.06.2019)
Předmět je vyučován anglicky v případě přítomnosti zahraničních studentů.
Přednáška se detailně zabývá procesem duplikace genomu (polyploidizace), jeho příčinami, projevy a důsledky pro evoluci (nejen) cévnatých rostlin. Pozornost je věnována i evoluci velikosti genomu obecně, endoreduplikaci a metodám studia těchto fenoménů.
Literature -
Last update: RNDr. Martin Čertner, Ph.D. (03.06.2019)
Coyne, J.A., and H.A. Orr. 2004. Speciation. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland.
Levin, D.A. 2002. The role of chromosomal change in plant evolution. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Ramsey, J., and D.W. Schemske. 1998. Pathways, mechanisms, and rates of polyploid formation in flowering plants. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 29: 467–501.
Ramsey, J., and D.W. Schemske. 2002. Neopolyploidy in flowering plants. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 33: 589–639.
Leitch, I.J., Greilhuber, J., Doležel, J., and J. Wendel. 2013. Plant Genome Diversity Volume 2: Physical Structure, Behaviour and Evolution of Plant Genomes. Springer-Verlag, Wien.
Kolář, F., Čertner, M., Suda, J., Schönswetter, P., and B.C. Husband. 2017. Mixed-ploidy species: Progress and opportunities in polyploid research. Trends in Plant Science 22(12): 1041–1055.
Last update: RNDr. Martin Čertner, Ph.D. (03.06.2019)
Coyne, J.A., and H.A. Orr. 2004. Speciation. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland.
Levin, D.A. 2002. The role of chromosomal change in plant evolution. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Ramsey, J., and D.W. Schemske. 1998. Pathways, mechanisms, and rates of polyploid formation in flowering plants. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 29: 467–501.
Ramsey, J., and D.W. Schemske. 2002. Neopolyploidy in flowering plants. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 33: 589–639.
Leitch, I.J., Greilhuber, J., Doležel, J., and J. Wendel. 2013. Plant Genome Diversity Volume 2: Physical Structure, Behaviour and Evolution of Plant Genomes. Springer-Verlag, Wien.
Kolář, F., Čertner, M., Suda, J., Schönswetter, P., and B.C. Husband. 2017. Mixed-ploidy species: Progress and opportunities in polyploid research. Trends in Plant Science 22(12): 1041–1055.
Requirements to the exam -
Last update: RNDr. Martin Čertner, Ph.D. (03.06.2019)
Oral exam is based on topics covered in the lecture.
Last update: RNDr. Martin Čertner, Ph.D. (03.06.2019)
Zkouška je ústní a vychází z tematických okruhů probíraných v přednášce.
Syllabus -
Last update: RNDr. Martin Čertner, Ph.D. (03.06.2019)
1) Polyploidy in plants and animals
2) Types of polyploids
3) Origin of polyploid mutants
4) Polyploid establishment in diploid populations, ploidy coexistence
5) Cytogeography – the study of cytotypes’ distribution
6) Evolutionary advantages and disadvantages of being polyploid
7) Phenotypic novelty in polyploids
8) The genetics of polyploids
9) Evolution of diploid – polyploid complexes
10) Case studies in plants
11) Genome size evolution
12) Methods to study polyploidy
Last update: RNDr. Martin Čertner, Ph.D. (03.06.2019)
1) Polyploidie v rostlinné a živočišné říši
2) Kategorizace polyploidů
3) Způsoby vzniku polyploidních mutantů
4) Uchycení polyploidů v diploidních populacích a koexistence cytotypů
