Fundamental of Medical Immunology is realized in the forms of lectures, seminars and practicals. The aim is to introduce the complex and modern concept of the function of the immune system as principal integrating body system. The emphasize is put on the understanding of the role of cellular substrate of immune response, differentiation of immune cells and description of their function. Special emphasize is given to gain the knowledge of the participation of immune system into the both protective and adverse inflammatory response. Protective inflammatory response against invasion of pathogenic microbes including active immunisation is described. Adverse inflammation is characterized on the molecular and cellular level with the respect to specific characteristic of this type of inflammation in various clinical contexts. Various attempts how to modulate adverse inflammatory response including administration of biologics is described. The basic principal of the interaction between immune system and cancer is given including the role of cancer environment and abuse of immune response is given. Mechanism of action of different biological drugs to overcome cancer cell escape from immune surveillance are described. The primary and secondary immunodeficiencies, including HIV infection and AIDS are presented. The diagnostic procedures and the way how to modulate immune system in immunodeficient patients are given. The basic framework of immunological test used in clinical practice is explained. The indication and interpretation of these immunological tests is given in clinical context of differential diagnostic procedures.
Entry requirements
Last update: Jana Kalousová (15.09.2023)
No prerequisities are required.
Aim of the course
Last update: Jana Kalousová (15.09.2023)
The complex knowledge of the function of immune system as the principal integral body system and its role in both protective and adverse inflammation is gained in this subject. These informations are used in the context of clinical practice especially in the framework of differential diagnostic procedures. The special emphasize is given to understand modulation of immune system including active immunisation.
Requirements to the exam
Last update: Jana Kalousová (15.09.2023)
Credit
Active participation in practicals and seminars. One seminar could be missed due to illness evidenced by physicion.
Examination
Oral examination. The syllabus is given to students. Fifty questions are generated from this syllabus. Questions consists of part a) and part b). One question is randomly selected by student.
Syllabus
Last update: Jana Kalousová (21.09.2023)
Lectures
Prof. Dr. Jan Krejsek, Ph.D.
Prof. Dr. Ctirad Andrys, Ph.D.
Assoc. Prof. Pavlina Kralickova, MD, Ph.D.
Dr. Eva Mala, Ph.D.
Dr. Ondrej Soucek, Ph.D.
Dr. Vladimira Rezacova, Ph.D.
Dr. Karolina Jankovicova, Ph.D.
Dr. Martina Kolackova, Ph.D.
Lecture
1st Principles of immune system function (Krejsek)
genetic background of immune response, epigenetic influences
natural barriers, microbiota
cells, tissues and organs of immune system
immunity as an integral part of protective and damaging inflammatory response
2nd Innate immunity, basic characteristics (Malá)
DAMP, PAMP signals, receptors PRR and their function
initiation and development of the inflammatory response
humoral mechanisms of innate immunity, interferons, complement system
cellular mechanisms of innate immunity, phagocytosis, natural cytotoxicity
3rd Specific immunity (Soucek)
TcR, BcR receptors
gene rearrangement
clonal selection hypothesis of specific immune response
T cells differentiation
HLA system, processing and presentation of antigenic fragments to T cells
polarisation of T cells, Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg subsets of T cells
B cells differentiation, antigen independent differentiation
B cell differentiation after antigenic stimulation, isotypic switching, somatic mutation
antibodies, molecular characteristics, dynamics of antibody production
immune memory
4th Mucosal and skin immunity (Kolackova)
barrier function of mucosal surfaces
microbiota, its contribution to mucosal and systemic immunity
breast feeding, prebiotics, solid food introduction, probiotics
nutrition and immunity, proinflammatory activity of adipose tissue
