Physiology II - FG10016

• Title: Fyziologie II
• Guaranteed by: Department of Physiology (15-130)
• Faculty: Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové
• Actual: from 2014 to 2015
• Semester: summer
• Points: 0
• E-Credits: 10
• Examination process: summer s.:
• Hours per week, examination: summer s.:50/75, C+Ex [HS]
• Capacity: unlimited
• Min. number of students: unlimited
• 4EU+: no
• Virtual mobility / capacity: no
• State of the course: taught
• Language: English
• Teaching methods: full-time
• Teaching methods: full-time
• Note: deregister from the exam date if a requisite was not fulfilled
• Guarantor: prof. MUDr. Zuzana Červinková, CSc.
• Co-requisite : FG10015
• Interchangeability : FA0104037
• In complex pre-requisite: FG10076, FG10077, FG10078, FG10079, FG10080

Annotation

Last update: Ivana Altmannová (03.02.2016)

To gain a good theoretical knowledge in following fileds of medical physiology: regulation of body functions, haematology, immunology, general neurophysiology (transport of ions across cell membrane, resting membrane and action potential), myology, central nervous system (spinal cord reflexes, control of posture and movement, the autonomic nervous system, function of single parts of CNS, sleep and wakefulness, higher nervous functions), cardiovascular system, and respiration. To gain basal practical skill in haematological laboratory examination and in physical examination of the cardiovascular system. Using computer simulation to demonstrate basic electro-physiological principles. To learn how to gain scientific information. To gain a good theoretical knowledge in following fields of medical physiology: endocrine system, reproductive and hormonal functions of gonads, gastrointestinal system, energy metabolism, intermediary metabolism, problems in human nutrition, body temperature regulation, renal physiology, physiology of senses. To gain basal practical skills in recording and analysis of the human ECG, measurement of blood pressure, physical examination of the respiratory system, spirometry, examination of digestive function of saliva, measurement of the basal metabolic rate in human and small laboratory animals, performing and analysis of the oral glucose tolerance test, testing of renal functions, and investigation of sense functions.

Requirements to the exam

Last update: Ivana Altmannová (03.02.2016)

Credit:

Credit will be given to the students, who fulfil the attendance requirements and have passed the examinations in each of the individual physiology system in that semester. Students are required to attend all practical classes, absence due to illness has to be supported with a doctor^,s cerficate. The number of legitimated absences may not exceed 15 % of all practical classes. If more than 15 % laboratory class per term are missed the position will be reviewed by the chair of the physiology department. At the end of laboratory classes in each system, a seminar will be held during which the students will be tested on that system. The test will be in the form of a multiple choice questionnaire. If the student fails this test, there is an opportunity to take an oral test on the same material. To obtain a credit the students have to pass each of the systems tests achieving at least grade 3 or less.

 

Examination:

Practical examination:

In the final laboratory class of the summer semester students will undertake a practical laboratory examination. For admission to the practical examination student must have credit in both winter and summer term. The timing of the practical examination is fiscal and only in very exceptional circumstances and with the permission of the Chair of Physiology, can an alternative date be set for an individual student/s.Absence on the practical examination due to illness has to be supported with a doctor's certificate. The alternate date is also for students who don´t pass any test and thus they cannot receive a credit. These students are obliged to correct the test(s) until the date of alternate practical class.

When attending the laboratory examination the student must produce the records and data from all the practical classes. Students select a question that will be one of the practical classes that the student has undertaken during the entire physiology course. In addition to this practical techniques student will be expected to demonstrate or understand of the background information which formed part of the original laboratory practical exercise. If the student fails this practical laboratory exercise no reset is available and the "fail" will be recorded. In the overall grade awarded in the final examinations, a fail recorded in the practical will be taken into account and could results in failing the course as a whole.

 

Final examination:

For admission to final examination students must receive credits in both winter and summer term, complete practical examination and sign up for final examination. The final examination begins at 7 a.m. The examination comprises an introductory written test, then oral exam follows.  Re-examinations comprise only the oral part. Use of electronic devices (cell phones, tablets, notebooks etc.), unauthorized materials or communication with other students is strictly prohibited. After selecting final exam question it is not allowed to leave the room and when necessary an escort will be provided. In case of failure to comply with these rules, students will be classified "failed".

 

 

 

Syllabus

Last update: Ivana Altmannová (03.02.2016)

Lectures

  Prof. Zuzana Červinková, M.D., Ph.D.
  Assoc. Prof. Milan Holeček, M.D., D.Sc.
  Assoc. Prof. Michaela Adamcová, M.D., Ph.D.
  Assoc. Prof. Halka Lotková, M.D., Ph.D.
  Otto Kučera, M.D., Ph.D.

 

16. 2. 2015                Mechanisms of hormonal action. (Červinková 1) 

16. 2. , 17. 2. 2015    Pituitary gland and its relation to the hypothalamus. (Červinková 2) 

17. 2. 2015                Thyroid gland. (Červinková 1) 

18. 2. 2015                Parathyroid glands, hormonal control of calcium metabolism. (Červinková 1) 

18. 2., 20. 2. 2015     Adrenal cortex (glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and adrenal androgens). (Červinková 2) 

20. 2. 2015                Adrenal medulla (epinephrine, norepinephrine). Stress. (Červinková 2) 

23. 2. 2015                Insulin, glucagon and diabetes mellitus. (Červinková 1) 

24. 2. 2015                Reproductive and hormonal functions of gonads (testosterone, estrogens, progesterone). (Lotková 1) 

24. 2. 2015                Sex differentiation and development, pregnancy, lactation. (Lotková 1) 

25. 2. 2015                Other endocrine organs. (Červinková 1) 

25. 2. 2015                Mouth, mastication, saliva, deglutition, esophagus. (Červinková 1) 

  2. 3. 2015                Stomach, gastric secretion, gastric motility, gastric emptying. (Červinková 1) 

  3. 3. 2015                Exocrine portion of pancreas, composition of pancreatic juice, regulation of secretion. (Červinková 2) 

  4. 3. 2015                Liver and biliary system, composition of bile, regulation of biliary secretion. Function of gallbladder. (Červinková 2) 

  9. 3. 2015                Digestion and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. (Kučera 1)

10. 3. 2015                Small intestine, intestinal motility. (Červinková 1)

10. 3., 11. 3. 2015     Colon - motility and secretion. Absorption in the colon. Intestinal bacteria. Dietary fiber. Defecation. (Červinková 2) 

11. 3. 2015                Body temperature regulation (Červinková 1)

16. 3., 17. 3. 2015     Energy metabolism (free energy of the food, respiratory quotient, basal metabolic rate, measurement of the metabolic rate). (Holeček 2) 

17. 3. 2015                Metabolism of carbohydrates. (Holeček 2) 

18. 3. 2015                Metabolism of lipids. (Holeček 2) 

23. 3., 24. 3. 2015     Protein metabolism and nitrogen balance. (Holeček 2) 

24. 3. 2015                Vitamins and minerals in the food. (Holeček 1) 

24. 3., 30. 3. 2015     Problem in human nutrition (obesity, malnutrition, starvation). (Holeček 2) 

31. 3. 2015                Renal function anatomy, renal circulation. (Holeček 1) 

31. 3. 2015                Glomerular filtration. (Holeček 1) 

  7. 4. 2015                Tubular functions. (Holeček 2) 

  7. 4. 2015                Mechanisms for excreting diluted or concentrated urine. (Holeček 1) 

13. 4. 2015                The role of the kidney in acid-base balance. (Holeček 1) 

14. 4. 2015                Micturition. (Holeček 1) 

14. 4. 2015                Tests of renal function, clearance. (Holeček 1) 

20. 4. 2015                Sensory receptors - types, transduction of sensory stimuli into nerve impulses, receptor and generator potentials, adaptation. (Adamcová 1) 

21. 4. 2015                Vision. (Adamcová 2)

28. 4. 2015                Hearing and vestibular apparatus. (Adamcová 2)

  5. 5. 2015                Cutaneous, deep and visceral sensation - touch, proprioreception, temperature, somatic and visceral pain. (Adamcová 1)  

  5. 5. 2015                Smell and taste. (Adamcová 1) 

 

 

Practical courses & seminars

Lecturers

  Prof. Zuzana Červinková, M.D., Ph.D.
  Prof. Milan Holeček, M.D., Ph.D.
  Assoc. Prof. Michaela Adamcová, M.D., Ph.D.
  Assoc. Prof. Halka Lotková, M.D., Ph.D.
  Vaclav Šafka, M.D., Ph.D.
  Otto Kučera, M.D., Ph.D.
  David Rychtrmoc, M.D.
  Ondřej Sobotka, M.D.

  
Practical courses

1. Physical examination of the respiratory system.
2. Spirometry.
3. Perfusion of the rat heart. The effects of hormones, mediators and ions.
4. Control of pulmonary ventilation.
5. Oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT).
6. Measurement of blood pressure by direct method in rabbit (I).
7. Measurement of blood pressure by direct method in rabbit (II).
8. Evaluation of the nutritional status.
9. The measurement of the basal metabolic rate.
10. Computer modeling of basic renal function.
11. Formation of concentrated and dilute urine.
12. Visual acuity, investigation of visual field - perimetry. Mariott experiment (demonstration of blind spot), astigmatism, testing of colour vision.
13. Ophthalmoscopy, investigation of visual field - perimetry, Purkynje pictures, stereoscopy and dept vision.
14. The sense of hearing - subjective and objective examination of hearing (whispering, tuning fork test, audiometry). Investigation of vestibular functions, observing of ear drum.
15. Practical examination. Credit.

Seminars

1. Test (MCQ) and seminar - cardiovascular system.
2. Test (MCQ) and seminar - respiratory system.
3. Test (MCQ) and seminar - endocrinology.
4. Test (MCQ) and seminar - gastroenterology and metabolism.
5. Test (MCQ) and seminar - kidney.
6. Test (MCQ) and seminar - senses.

Notes

For admission to the practical examination student must have a credit in both winter and summer term. Students receive the credit if they fulfil the attendance (late coming to the practical class is not accepted and absence is noted!!!) and pass the examinations in each of the individual physiology systems. Absence on the practical examination due to illness has to be supported with a doctor's certificate. Then alternate date of the practical examination will be announced. The alternate date is also for students who don't pass any test and thus they cannot receive a credit. These students are obliged to correct the test(s) until the date of alternate practical class. When attending the laboratory examination the student must produce the rceords and data from all the practical classes attended. If the student fails this practical laboratory exercise no reset is available and the "fail" will be recorded. In the overalll grade awarded in the final examinations, a fail recorded in the practical will be taken into account and could participate in failing te course as a whole.

 

Literature

Last update: Ivana Altmannová (03.02.2016)

Compulsory literature

1. W. F. Ganong: Review of Medical Physiology. 19th ed., Appleton & Lange, 1999. ISBN 0-8385-8252-4
2. Cervinkova Z. et al.:  A Manual in Laboratory Studies in Physiology (obtained at the 1st practical class)

 

Recomended literature

1. A. C. Guyton, J. E. Hall: Textbook of Medical Physiology, 12th Edition, 2011