Definition of life, organisation of living systems. Molecules in cells, structure and function of proteins and nucleic acids, Cell theory, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, The cell nucleus, organisation of DNA, chromosomes. DNA replication and repair. Transcription and translation of genetic information, RNA processing, posttranslational modification. The cellular membranes - structure and function, transport across biomembranes, cell membrane fusion. The endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus. The mitochondrion, production of ATP. The cytoskeleton Cell growth and cell division Regulation of cellular functions Malignant cell transformation, Interaction of cells with the environment. Cell death, necrosis, apoptosis.
Last update: Marcela Laláková (09.02.2016)
Definition of life, organisation of living systems. Molecules in cells, structure and function of proteins and nucleic acids. Cell theory, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The cell nucleus, organisation of DNA, chromosomes. DNA replication and repair. Transcription and translation of genetic information, RNA processing, posttranslational modification. The cellular membranes - structure and function, transport across biomembranes, cell membrane fusion. The endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus. The mitochondrion, production of ATP. The cytoskeleton. Cell growth and cell division. Regulation of cellular functions. Malignant cell transformation. Interaction of cells with the environment. Cell death, necrosis, apoptosis.
Requirements to the exam
Last update: Marcela Laláková (09.02.2016)
Attendance at practical classes
· Practicals begin at 8 a.m. or 11.10 a.m. and students are required to be in their seats 5 min before the class
· If the student is not present at that time, he will have to wait for break to join the class
· Each student is allowed one absence (medically excused) from one practical class.
· In case of two or more unexcused absences, the credit will not be granted
Credit
· Final test must be passed. Passing grade is 75 %.
· The credit in this term consists of:
° Final test with minimal scoring grade of 75 %
° Completed workbook including drawings (in case of any manual damage or loss, the student has to acquire a new one from the department against financial compensation).
° Working knowledge of PUBMED database (Will be specified in detail in the first practical class)
Appointments for summer credit recording are scheduled to summer examination period (June 1th 2014 - June 30h 2014), each week on Thursdays from 2 to 3pm only.
Each student has three attempts. Failed credit test may be repeated two times (all written) at agreed dates. Generally, in case of failure in credit, the next possible chance is after one week!!!! Final note - not fulfilling any of the above mentioned requirements (i.e. scoring grade in the final test below 75% including makeup tests, incomplete manual will result in failure and credit will not be given!!!
The students who seek the exemption from practical classes in medical biology and genetics have to submit their request before the start of practical classes. Their request must be accompanied by a detailed syllabus of biology course they had completed which will be evaluated by the head of the department of medical biology and genetics.
Cheating during any form of biology exam (credit test and oral examination) including preparatory period is not tolerated! Use of any electronic devices (cell phones, tablets, notebooks, phablets etc.), unauthorized materials or communication with other students in these instances is strictly prohibited! After selecting final exam questions it is not allowed to leave the room and when necessary an escort will be provided. In case of failure to comply with these rules, student will be classified "failed".
Syllabus
Last update: Marcela Laláková (09.02.2016)
Lectures
Definition of life, organisation of living systems. Cell theory, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, plant and animal cells. Microscopy of living cells. (Cervinka 3)
Chemical components of cells. Nucleic acids, autoorganisation. The cell nucleus, organisation of DNA, chromosomes. (Cervinka 2)
DNA replication and repair. Transcription and translation of genetic information (exons, introns, RNA processing, posttranslational modification). (Cervinka 2)
The cellular membranes - structure and function, ionic and molecular transport across biomembranes, osmosis, cell membrane fusion. The endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus. (Cervinka 2)
The mitochondrion, respiratory chain, electron transport system, production of ATP, mitochondrial DNA. (Cervinka 2)
The cytoskeleton (microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments), cell motility, movement of organels, cellular motors. (Cervinka 2)
Practical courses
Lecturers
Prof. Dr. Emil Rudolf, Ph.D.
Dr. Vera Kralova, Ph.D.
Introduction to the course - rules and requirements for the course. Information sources in biomedicine - scientific information in biomedicine (structure of scientific article), electronic bibliographic databases. Microscopic techniques I - light microscopy in biological applications, permanent mount of cells cultivated in vitro, size estimation.
Microscopic techniques II - contrast enhancing microscopy, introduction to fluorescence and its application in biomedicine; native and permanent mount of human cells;
Cell motility - motility in human cells - examples, role in pathology; microfilaments-based motility - cyclosis, amoeboid movement; microtubules-based motility - cilia and flagella.
Cell cultures in biomedicine - modelling in biomedicine (3R principle, in vitro models); cultivation of cells in vitro, introduction to the tissue culture laboratory.
Cell injury and death (scientific methodology) - mechanisms, factors and outcomes of cell injury; in vitro tests used for cytotoxicity assays; , photodynamic therapy; cultured cells in suspension, vital staining.
Effect of a selected chemical on the viability of cells cultured in vitro - experiment, experiment evaluation, scientific report.
Cellular membranes (fusion and osmosis) - structure and function of biological membranes, PEG stimulated fusion; plasmolysis in plant cells (Elodea densa); osmotic changes in red blood cells (influence of anisotropic solutions on peripheral blood cells).
Isolation of DNA (the first student group) - isolation of DNA from human cells cultivated in vitro. Fluorescent techniques (the second student group)
Fluorescent techniques (the first student group) . Isolation of DNA (the second student group) - isolation of DNA from human cells cultivated in vitro. Credit test.
Notes: Each student will need dry pair of shoes (not boots), which he wears only inside the faculty building. If the student does not have clean shoes, he can purchase disposable shoe covers. White lab coats must be worn for all practical classes. The clean-up procedure for each practical will be explained at the beginning of the practical. The students who seek the exemption from practical calsses in medical biologiy and genetics have to submit their request before the start of practical classes. Their request must be accompanied by a detailed syllabus of biology course they had completed which will be evaluated by the head of the department of medical biologiy and genetics.
Literature -
Last update: Marcela Laláková (09.02.2016)
Compulsory literature
B. Alberts et al. Essential Cell Biology. An introduction to the molecular biology of the cell. 4th printing. Garland Publishing, Inc. New York & London, 2013.
Manual prepared by the Department of Medical Biology and Genetics.
Last update: Marcela Laláková (09.02.2016)
Compulsory literature
B. Alberts et al. Essential Cell Biology. An introduction to the molecular biology of the cell. 4th printing. Garland Publishing, Inc. New York & London, 2013.
Manual prepared by the Department of Medical Biology and Genetics.
