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Histology and Embryology II - EA0903015

Title:	Histology and Embryology II
Guaranteed by:	Ústav histologie a embryologie (14-40)
Faculty:	Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen
Actual:	from 2022
Semester:	winter
Points:	4
E-Credits:	4
Examination process:	winter s.:
Hours per week, examination:	winter s.:1/2, C+Ex [HT]
Capacity:	unlimited / unlimited (unknown)
Min. number of students:	unlimited
4EU+:	no
Virtual mobility / capacity:	no
Key competences:
State of the course:	taught
Language:	English
Teaching methods:	full-time
Teaching methods:	full-time
Level:
For type:
Note:	deregister from the exam date if a requisite was not fulfilled for a repeated registration for Course credit + Exam, the student must have the Course credit exam passed

Guarantor:	prof. MUDr. Mgr. Zbyněk Tonar, Ph.D. prof. MUDr. Milena Králíčková, Ph.D.
Teacher(s):	Mgr. Yaroslav Kolinko, Ph.D. prof. MUDr. Milena Králíčková, Ph.D. MUDr. Anna Malečková, Ph.D. Ing. et Ing. Jiří Polívka, Ph.D.
Co-requisite :	EA0902001, EA0902004
Is co-requisite for:	EA0905370, EA0906470, EA0905500, EA0905510, EA0906100, EA0906520, EA0906090

Opinion survey results Examination dates WS schedule Noticeboard

Annotation -

Last update: Bc. Lucie Jiráková (25.10.2022)

The students will learn and understand how to describe the microscopic structure of various organs of human body. In the practical classes, the students will optical microscope for identification and description of histological slides. The students will learn about the development of human body, starting with formation of gametes, fertilization, through early embryonic development, organogenesis, fetal growth, and finally up to birth. The students will learn about the main phases of development of individual organs and organ systems in order to understand the origin of the most common malformations.

Course completion requirements -

Last update: Bc. Lucie Jiráková (15.09.2023)

The conditions for completing the course are described in the document Histology credit exam and Histology and Embryology II final exam rules in the academic year 2023/24 (see above).

Literature -

Last update: Bc. Lucie Jiráková (14.11.2023)

•Slípka J.: Outlines of histology. Karolinum 2017

•Slípka J.: Outlines of embryology. Karolinum 2019

•Mescher A.L.: Junqueira´s Basic Histology. Text and Atlas. 16th edition. McGrawHill, New York, 2021

•Ovalle W., Nahirney P.: Netter´s Essential Histology, 2nd edition, Elsevier 2013

•Gartner L.P., Hiatt J.L.: Color Atlas and Text of Histology. 6th edition. Wolters Kluwer, 2014

•Ross M., Pawlina W.: Histology: a Text and Atlas with Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology. 6th edition. Wolters Kluwer, 2014

•Young B., Woodford P., O´Dowd G.: Wheater´s Functional Histology. A text and colour atlas. 6th edition, Churchill Livingstone, 2013

•Sadler T.: Langman´s Medical Embryology, 15th edition, Wolters Kluwer 2023

•Moore K.L., Persaud T.V.N., Torchia M.G.: Before We Are Born, 9th Edition. Elsevier, Philadelphia, 2016

•Moore K.L., Persaud T.V.N., Torchia M.G.: The Developing Human, 10th Edition. Clinically Oriented Embryology. Elsevier, Philadelphia, 2016

Requirements to the exam -

Last update: Bc. Lucie Jiráková (15.09.2023)

The conditions for completing the course are described in the document Histology credit exam and Histology and Embryology II final exam rules in the academic year 2023/24 (see above).

Syllabus -

Last update: Bc. Lucie Jiráková (29.09.2023)

Summary of the lectures - Embryology. Dental medicine 2nd year:

1. INTRODUCTION: Embryological terms. The ethical problems of Embryology. History of embryology. Blastogenesis. Fertilization and differentiation. Cleavage.

2. BLASTOGENESIS and GASTRULATION: Blastocyst, Implantation, Gastrulation. Origin of the first Germ layers. Notogenesis (development of notochord).

The embryonic disc and its development. Mesoderm and development of somites. Mesenchyme.

3. FETAL MEMBRANES AND PLACENTA DEVELOPMENT: Amniotic sac expansion. Rotation of embryo. Amnion. Chorion. Placenta. Embryonic and fetal growth. Marks of the fetal maturity. Delivery.

4. NERVOUS SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT: Neural plate, groove and tube. Brain vesicles. Development of sense organs. The eye and inner ear.

5. CIRCULATORY SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT I.: First embryonic and extraembryonic circulation. Development of major vessels. Aortal arches. Veins.

6. CIRCULATORY SYSTEM. DEVELOPMENT II.: Heart loop. Septation of the atria and ventricles. Common cardial malformations.

7. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT I.: Delimitation of the yolk sac. Archenteron. Stomodeum. Branchial region. Teeth.

Derivatives of the branchial clefts, pouches and arches. Development of Tongue.

8. DIGESTIVE and RESPIRATORY SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT: Rotation of Intestine. Liver, Pancreas and Spleen Development. Respiratory passages and Lung Development.

9. URINARY SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT: Pronephros. Mesonephros. Metanephros. Urinary passages. Cloaca.

10. GENITAL SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT: Gonade. Wolffian and Müllerian ducts. External genital organs.

11. OROFACIAL REGION, SKULL and SKELETAL DEVELOPMENT: Nose. Olfactory organ.Upper and lower jaws development. Development of the secondary Palate.

Cleft malformations. Axial skeleton. Extremities. Skull. Muscles and Skin Development.

12. Problem based lecture

13. Problem based lecture

Summary of the practical sessions. Systematic histology.
Dental medicine 2nd year. Winter term.

1. Introduction: Revision. The rules of health security during the teaching process of Histology.
Oral cavity I.: tongue (radix linguae, dorsum linguae), soft palate, lip.
2. Oral cavity II.: Tooth development. Histology of tooth tissues and periodontium. Large salivary glands: submandibular and sublingual gland, parotid gland.
3. Digestive system I.: oesophagus, stomach, pancreas.
4. Digestive system II.: duodenum, appendix vermiformis, liver, gall bladder
5. Respiratory system: epiglottis, trachea, lung.
Urinary system: kidney, ureter, urinary bladder.
6. Male reproductive system: testis, epididymis, prostate, spermatic cord.
7. Female reproductive system I.: ovary, uterine tube, uterus, pregnant uterus, placenta, umbilical cord, vagina.
8. Cardiovascular system: myocard, aorta, artery and vein of the lower extremity, vessels of various organs, capillaries.
9. Lymphatic vessels and organs: lymph node, tonsils, spleen, thymus.
10. Endocrine system: hypophysis, suprarenal gland, thyroid gland.
11. Nervous system: spinal cord, cerebellum, cerebral cortex, peripheral nerve, myelin sheath, sensitive nerve endings.
12. Skin: Thick and thin type - planta pedis, axilla, eyelid, auricle, mammary gland (inactive and lactating).
13. Demonstration of embryological samples.
14. Revision of the whole topic. Examination. COURSE CREDIT

TEST 1: 20.10 - 11.11. 2023
TEST 2: 27.11. - 15.12. 2023
TEST 3: 11.12. 2023 - 5. 1. 2024
FINAL TEST: from 1. 1. 2024

Last update: Bc. Lucie Jiráková (29.09.2023)

Přednášky

1. Úvod a základní embryologické pojmy. Embryologie - význam a etické problémy oboru. Ontogeneze a evoluce. Historie embryologie. Základy blastogenese. Oplození a rýhování vajíčka.

2. Blastogenese a gastrulace. Studium blastocysty, proces implantace, gastrulace, vznik prvních zárodečných listů. Notogenese (vývoj chorda dorsalis). Zárodečný terčík. Mesoderm a tvorba prvosegmentů. Mesenchym.

3. Plodové obaly. Amnion a jeho expanze, amniová tekutina. Chorion. Placenta. Růst zárodku a plodu. Známky donošenosti. Porod.

4. Vývoj nervového systému. Medulární ploténka, žlábek a trubice. Mozkové váčky. Základy smyslových orgánů (oční pohárek, otocysta).

5. Vývoj cévního systému I. Žloutkový embryonální oběh. Osudy hlavních cév a aortálních oblouků.

6. Vývoj cévního systému II. Klička srdeční, vývoj přepážek srdečních. Vznik srdečních malformací.

7. Vývoj trávicího systému I. Primitivní střevní trubice. Přední střevo, farynx. Branchiální struktury – ektodermální štěrbiny, entodermální kapsy, faryngové oblouky a jejich deriváty. Stomodeum. Vývoj dentice.

8. Vývoj trávicího systému II. Duodenum, játra a pankreas. Střední střevo a jeho rotace. Zadní střevo. Tělní stěna a tělní dutiny. Bránice. Slezina. Vývoj dýchacích cest a plic.

9. Vývoj systému močového. Pronefros, mesonefros, metanefros. Odvodní cesty močové. Kloaka.

10. Vývoj systému pohlavního. Vývoj pohlavních žláz a vývodných cest pohlavních. Vývoj zevních pohlavních orgánů.

11. Vývoj obličeje a lebky. Čichový orgán, vývoj čelistí. Vývoj sekundárního patra. Rozštěpové vady. Vývoj axiálního skeletu, končetin. Vývoj svalů a kůže.

12. Problem based lecture

13. Problem based lecture

Praktická cvičení

1. Zahájení praktik. Opakování obecné histologie.
Dutina ústní I: Radix linguae, dorsum linguae, palatum molle, labium oris.
2. Dutina ústní II: Vývoj zubu, histologie zubních tkání a periodoncia. Dens.
Slinné žlázy: gl. submandibularis, gl. sublinqualis, gl. parotis.
3. Trávicí systém I.: Oesophagus, gaster, pancreas.
4. Trávicí systém II: Duodenum, appendix vermiformis, hepar, vesica fellea.
5. Dýchací systém: Epiglottis, trachea, pulmo.
Močový systém: Ren, ureter, vesica urinaria.
6. Mužský pohlavní systém: Testis, epididymis, prostata, funiculus spermaticus.
7. Ženský pohlavní systém: Ovarium, tuba uterina, uterus, endometrium, placenta, funiculus umbilicalis, vagina.
8. Krevní cévy a srdce: Aorta, arteria et vena, orgánové cévy, kapiláry. Myocard.
9. Lymfatické cévy a orgány: Nodus lymphaticus, tonsila, lien, thymus.
10. Žlázy s vnitřní sekrecí: Hypophysis, gl. suprarenalis, gl. thyreoidea.
11. Centrální nervový systém: Medulla spinalis, cerebellum, cerebrum.
Periferní nervový systém: Nervus periphericus.
12. Kůže: Silný a slabý typ, planta pedis, axilla, palpebra, auris, mamma.
Opakování probraných preparátů.
13. Demonstrace vybraných embryologických preparátů
14. Konzultace, závěr praktik a udělení zápočtů.

TEST 1: 20.10 - 11.11. 2023
TEST 2: 27.11. - 15.12. 2023
TEST 3: 11.12. 2023 - 5. 1. 2024
ZÁVĚREČNÝ TEST: OD 1. 1. 2024

Learning resources -

Last update: Bc. Lucie Jiráková (15.09.2023)

MOODLE courses: Course: Embryology (cuni.cz); Kurz: Special Histology for Dental Medicine (cuni.cz)

YouTube channel is available: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCY7dMERswmElzXGF1JDA4vA/featured?disable_polymer=1

Website of the Department: http://histologie.lfp.cuni.cz/?lang=en

PRACTICAL EXCERCISES:

Use a digitized collection to study slides: http://histologie.lfp.cuni.cz/preparaty/preparaty2E.php?EN

A list of recommended literature can be found at the link: http://histologie.lfp.cuni.cz/index.php/doporucena-literatura/?lang=en

Course completion requirements -

Last update: Bc. Lucie Jiráková (15.09.2023)

The conditions for completing the course are described in the document Histology credit exam and Histology and Embryology II final exam rules in the academic year 2023/24 (see above).

Schedule ticket:

Schedule scheduled
Schedule ticket	Date	From - To	Education type	Theme	Teacher	Files	Note	Hodnocení
23aEA0903015p1 Groups of students 2.AZUBL18 2.AZUBL	Wed 04.10.2023	14:00 - 15:40	lecture	Fertilization and early embryonic development: Spermio- and oogenesis. Fertilization and preimplantation embryonic development. Mitochondria inheritance. Embryonic genome activation. Differentiation to embryoblast and trophectoderm.	doc. Ing. Jan Nevoral, Ph.D.
	Wed 11.10.2023	14:00 - 15:40	lecture	Blastocyst, embryo nidation, gastrulation: Blastocyst formation, blastocoel, blastocyst hatching, embryo implantation, gastrulation.	Mgr. Yaroslav Kolinko, Ph.D.
	Wed 18.10.2023	14:00 - 15:40	lecture	Notogenesis, embryonic disc, mesoderm and somites: Development of dorsal chord. Origin of germ layers and formation of embryonic disc. Mesoderm and somites. Mesenchyme.	doc. Ing. Jan Nevoral, Ph.D.
	Wed 25.10.2023	14:00 - 15:40	lecture	Placentation, fetal membranes, delivery: Chorionic sac, amniotic sac, and its expansion. Flexure of the embryo. Amniotic fluid. Placentation. Embryonic and fetal growth. Marks of the fetal maturity. Delivery.	Ing. Bc. Lucie Vištejnová, Ph.D.
	Wed 01.11.2023	14:00 - 15:40	lecture	Nervous system development: Neural plate, neural groove and neural tube. Brain vesicles. Development of sense organs. The eye and inner ear.	Mgr. Yaroslav Kolinko, Ph.D.
	Wed 08.11.2023	14:00 - 15:40	lecture	Circulatory system, part I: Embryonic yolk circulation. First embryonic circulatory system. Major vessels and aortal arches. Features of main vessels.	doc. Ing. Jan Nevoral, Ph.D.
	Wed 15.11.2023	14:00 - 15:40	lecture	Circulatory system, part II: Heart tube and loop, Septation of the atria and ventricles. Common cardiac malformations.	MUDr. Věra Křížková, Ph.D.
	Wed 22.11.2023	14:00 - 15:40	lecture	Digestive system, part I: Delimitation of the yolk sac and primitive gut. Foregut, pharynx. Derivatives of the branchial clefts, pouches and arches. Stomodeum. Development of tongue. Development of teeth.	doc. Ing. Jan Nevoral, Ph.D.
	Wed 29.11.2023	14:00 - 15:40	lecture	Digestive system, part II & Respiratory system: Duodenum, liver, and pancreas. Midgut and rotation of intestine. Hindgut. Body cavities. Spleen development. Respiratory passages and lung development.	prof. MUDr. Mgr. Zbyněk Tonar, Ph.D.
	Wed 06.12.2023	14:00 - 15:40	lecture	Development of urinary system: Development of pronephros, mesonephros, and metanephros. Urinary passages. Cloaca.	Ing. Bc. Lucie Vištejnová, Ph.D.
	Wed 13.12.2023	14:00 - 15:40	lecture	Development of genital system: Development of gonads. Wolffian and Müllerian ducts. External genital organs.	Ing. Bc. Lucie Vištejnová, Ph.D.
	Wed 20.12.2023	14:00 - 15:40	lecture	Orofacial region, skull, and skeleton: Nose and olfactory organ. Upper and lower jaw development. Development of the secondary palate. Cleft malformations. Development of axial skeleton, extremities. Muscles and skin development.	prof. MUDr. Mgr. Zbyněk Tonar, Ph.D.
	Wed 03.01.2024	14:00 - 15:40	lecture	Solving model questions for the embryology exam. Case-based discussion: Want to know if you are well prepared? Come and try solving mock exam questions before taking the official exam! Interactive problem-based lecture. Students will use their own knowledge of embryology to solve real medical problems.	prof. MUDr. Mgr. Zbyněk Tonar, Ph.D.
	Wed 10.01.2024	14:00 - 15:40	lecture	Solving model questions for the embryology exam. Case-based discussion: Want to know if you are well prepared? Come and try solving mock exam questions before taking the official exam! Interactive problem-based lecture. Students will use their own knowledge of embryology to solve real medical problems.	prof. MUDr. Mgr. Zbyněk Tonar, Ph.D.