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Course, academic year 2014/2015
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Microbiology, Immunology and General Infectology - CVSE3P0009
Title: Mikrobiologie, imunologie a obecná infektologie
Guaranteed by: Department of Microbiology 3 FM CU, FHKV and NIPH (12-MIK)
Faculty: Third Faculty of Medicine
Actual: from 2014 to 2014
Semester: winter
Points: 8
E-Credits: 8
Examination process: winter s.:
summer s.:
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:24/48, --- [HS]
summer s.:36/36, C+Ex [HS]
Extent per academic year: 124 [hours]
Capacity: winter:unknown / unknown (unknown)
summer:unknown / unknown (unknown)
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
Key competences:  
State of the course: taught
Language: Czech, English
Teaching methods: full-time
Teaching methods: full-time
Level:  
Additional information: http://old.lf3.cuni.cz/mikrobiologie/
Note: deregister from the exam date if a requisite was not fulfilled
Guarantor: doc. MUDr. Marek Bednář, CSc.
prof. MUDr. Jiří Beneš, CSc.
doc. MUDr. Petr Kučera, Ph.D.
Pre-requisite : CVSE2P0030, CVSE3P0019, CVSE3P0020, CVSE3P0021
Examination dates   Schedule   
Annotation -
Last update: prof. MUDr. Helena Žemličková, Ph.D. (15.09.2020)
Microbiology, Immunology and General Infectology The goal of the course is to explain the relationships between individual reactivity of humans, pathogenic microorganisms and environment.
Aim of the course -
Last update: prof. MUDr. Helena Žemličková, Ph.D. (06.04.2020)

The goal of the course is to explain the relationships between  individual reactivity of humans, pathogenic microorganisms and environment. The basis is to understand  interactions between various microorganisms and individual defense mechanisms of human organism, to specify and quantify both players of interactions - detection of pathogens and their property and features of immune mechanisms. This educational process on the microscopic and molecular level  is supplemented by the clinical approach - demonstration of clinical cases with origin of infection or diseases caused by immune disorders. •Students are expected to combine knowledge of pathophysiology, microbiology, immunology and histopathology - rational clinical science will be born from that. Students will get knowledge of clinical picture of infectious and immunopathologic diseases, diagnostic approach and basics of therapeutic approach.
Literature -
Last update: doc. MUDr. Petr Kučera, Ph.D. (28.09.2020)

Part microbiology:

Murray P, Rosenthal KS, Pfaller MA. Medical Microbiology, eighth ed., Elsevier Mosby 2015

 

Part Immunology:

Cell. Moll. Immunology, Abbas AK, Elsevier 2018, 8th Editition      ·         ·        

Essentials of Clinical Immunology, Chapel H, Haeney M et al.  Blackwell Science,  6th Ed. 2014,
Teaching methods -
Last update: doc. MUDr. Petr Kučera, Ph.D. (28.09.2020)

Lectures will give basic informations about topics, seminars are based on interactive knowledqe acquisition. Practicum is based on immediate practical training of laboratory or clinical diagnostics procedures. Practicum at the clinic will allow to demonstrate the clinical science in reality.
Requirements to the exam -
Last update: prof. MUDr. Helena Žemličková, Ph.D. (06.04.2020)

MII COURSE REQUIREMENTS (IN SHORT):
Microbiology winter colloquium: presence + test1 + test2
Immunology colloquim: test from laboratory practicum, Case presentation
Microbiology summer colloquium: test3 + test4 + test 5 + test pathology
General Infectology colloquium: presence + test infectology
Credit from MII: the above four colloquia
Application for exam:  the above credit + CVSE2P0030 (Structure and function of human body)

Terms of exams are on SIS (https://is.cuni.cz/studium/eng/index.php). One term per week (for both English speaking and Czech students) is always announced. Later, in case of full up additional terms are added for the given week.  

Credit for the Course is  based on 4 Colloquiums (2x Microbiology, Immunology, Infectology)

 

 

Part Immunology:

·         Active presence at the course (practicum is obligatory), test from practicum topics

·          80% presence on seminars

·         Case presentation: A group of 3 students will elaborate a description of clinical case of immmune mediated disease. Based on the short description, students will select appropriate diagnostic procedures and tests. The teacher will provide feedback, test results and advice. The case description consists from symptoms descriptions, pathogenesis of the disease, appropriate tests, probable diagnosis a possible treatment. These results are presented by students during specific time for case presentation (Exam period), discussed by others and evaluated by teacher. Some question on the case topic. Resources for the case presentation - several citations from recent peer- rewied journals with formal aspects, lay information from web is not allowed as a reliable medical resource (example of reference:   Dlouhý P, Kučera P, Kraml P, Pompachová A, Potočková J, Šmejkalová V, Mokrejš P, Jaček M, Anděl M.. Short-Term Dietary Intake of C18:1 Trans Fatty Acids Decrease the Function of Cellular Immunity in Healthy Young Men, Ann Nutrition Metab, 2008, 53, 129-136.)

  

Exam from Microbiology, Immunology and General Infectology:

Terms: Exam period of summer semester, 3rd year, announced in SIS

Form: Oral, commisional exam

Questions from Immunology part:

1.       Immune system - characteristics, structure and function

2.       Characteristics of antigens, types and properties. T-dependent and T-independent antigens

3.       Functions of antibodies

4.       Monoclonal antibodies and their use

5.       Subpopulation of T cells, their functions (Th1, Th2, T reg, Th17, Tc), roles in immunopathology

6.       Analysis of immune proteins - electrophoresis,  turbidimetry, nephelometry. Agglutination,  hybridome technology

7.       Defense mechanisms of skin and their disorders

8.       Mucosal immune system - structure and function of mucosal barrier

9.       Lymphatic tissue of mucosa, Common mucosal immune system

10.    Oral (mucosal) tolerance and disorders of  tolerance

11.    Antiinfectious immunity- principles of antibacterial immunity

12.    Defense against intracellular pathogens (bacteria and small  parasites - Protozoa) and fungi

13.    Antiinfectious immunity - against viruses and Helminths

14.    Detection of antiinfectious antibodies - ELISA, Westernblotting, agglutination

15.    Immunodeficiency - classification and typical clinical picture

16.    Primary  antibody deficiency  - molecular basis, classification, clinical picture

17.    Primary cell mediated immunodeficiency with T cell defect -  molecular basis, classification, clinical picture

18.    Primary defect of phagocytosis and complement - molecular basis, classification, clinical picture

19.    Laboratory tests of cell - mediated immunity

20.    Principles of immunoglobulin substitution therapy

21.    Secondary immunodeficiency - causes, clinical picture ant therapy

22.    Immunopathology of HIV infection

23.    Immunopathology reactions of hypersenzitivity, Type I - pathophysiology

24.    Types  and sources of IgE antigens - allergens

25.     Atopic diseases - characteristics, diagnosis and therapy

26.    Anaphylaxis  - characteristics, diagnosis and therapy

27.    Clinical and laboratory  investigation in atopic diseases

28.    Therapy of atopic diseases, allergen vaccination

29.    Immunopathology reactions of hypersenzitivity, Type II - pathophysiology

30.    Immunopathology reactions of hypersenzitivity, Type II - clinical picture

31.    Immunopathology reactions of hypersenzitivity, Type III - pathophysiology

32.    Immunopathology reactions of hypersenzitivity, Type III - clinical picture

33.    Immunopathology reactions of hypersenzitivity, Type IV - pathophysiology

34.    Immunopathologic reactions of hypersenzitivity, Type IV - clinical picture

35.    Etiology and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases

36.    Autoimmunity, risk factors and mechanisms of tissue autoimmune destruction

37.    Autoantigens and autoantibodies

38.    Systemic autoimmune diseases, clinical picture

39.    Organ - nonspecific autoantibodies, indirect immunofluorescence for their detection and diagnostic significance.

40.    Organ specific autoimmune diseases, clinical picture

41.    Organ specific autoantibodies, detection by ELISA, diagnostic significance

42.    Antitumor immunity - function, mechanisms.

43.    Antigens of tumor cells. Immunotherapy of tumors

44.    Transplantation -  definition, types, transplantational antigens, investigation before transplantation

45.    Immune reactions after transplantation

46.    Immunohematology

47.    Principles of flow cytometry, immunophenotypization of immune cells

48.    Immunology of  reproduction, immune disorders of fertility

49.    Passive and active vaccination, adjuvans

50.    Biological therapy - principles and clinical use

 

 

 

Part microbiology:

 

Active presence at the course (practicals and seminars are obligatory - 80%)

Good results in the tests according to http://mikrobiologie.lf3.cuni.cz/ustavy/mikrobiologie/engl/index.html

Exam questions from microbiology part of the final exam are here: http://mikrobiologie.lf3.cuni.cz/engl/questions/questions.htm

 

 

 

 

Part General infectology: 

 

Criteria for colloquium from the part General Infectology are 80% attendance at lessons hold on the Infectious Diseases Department (practice) and successful passing of the pharmacology test which covers antiinfectives. The questions for final oral exam from Infectology are listed below and for printing available at: http://old.lf3.cuni.cz/mikrobiologie/mii/infectology.rtf

 

Infectious Disease Questions for the exam Microbiology-Immunology-Infectology

  1. Markers of inflammation: inflammation patterns: purulent infections, viral infections, eosinophilia-associated infections. Reading of blood count and differential count, CRP and PCT results, sedimentation of erythrocytes.
  2. Principles of diagnostics of infectious diseases: history, vaccination status, travel history, clinical signs of infectious diseases, basic laboratory tests
  3. Diagnostics of infectious diseases etiology: direct and indirect methods of identification, examples
  4. Influenza: significance, characteristics of the virus, drift and shift and its impact on vaccination, clinical manifestation, complications
  5. Viral infections of the respiratory tract: the agents, clinical signs, basic differencies between viral and bacterial respiratory tract infections
  6. Tonsillopharyngitis: etiology, pathogenesis, etiology, diagnostics, complications
  7. Lobar pneumonia: etiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnostics, complications
  8. Interstitial pneumonia („atypical“): etiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnostics
  9. Aseptic meningitis: etiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnostics
  10. Purulent meningitis: etiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnostics
  11. Classification of CNS infections
  12. Lumbar puncture: technique, reading of typical CSF findings
  13. Classification of antibiotics: groups of drugs according to mechanism of action
  14. Penicilins and cephalosporins: classification, antibacterial spectrum, use in practice, common adverse effects
  15. Fluoroquinolones and cotrimoxazol: classification, antibacterial spectrum, use in practice, common adverse effects
  16. Macrolides and tetracyclines: classification, antibacterial spectrum, use in practice, common adverse effects
  17. Lincosamides and metronidazol: classification, antibacterial spectrum, use in practice, common adverse effects
  18. Salmonelosis and campylobacteriosis: characteristics of the agents, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnostics, contagiosity
  19. Diarhea caused by E. coli serotypes: types of pathogenicity, clinical signs, diagnostics, serotyping
  20. Bacillary dysentery, amoebic dysentery: characteristics of the agents, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnostics, complications, contagiosity
  21. Acute infectious diarhea: classification on the basis of etiology and pathogenesis
  22. Lower urinary tract infections (cystitis, urethritis): etiology of community-acquired and hospital-acquired infections, predisposing factors, clinical signs
  23. Upper urinary tract infections (pyelonephritis):  etiology of community-acquired infections, pathogenesis, clinical signs, complications
  24. Diagnostic tests in UTI (urinalysis, urine sediment, culture) and principles of treatment
  25. Viral hepatitis A, E: etiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, laboratory diagnostics, contagiosity
  26. Viral hepatitis B, C, D: etiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, course of disease, laboratory diagnostics, contagiosity
  27. Clinical and laboratory signs of liver disease
  28. Basic characteristics of zoonoses, routes of transmission, examples
  29. Lyme borreliosis: etiology, pathogenesis, disease stages, organs involved, diagnostics, tick-bite care
  30. Tick-borne infections (excl. Lyme borreliosis)
  31. Toxoplasmosis: etiological agent and its life-cycle, pathogenesis, clinical signs, prevention
  32. Malaria: etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnostics, prophylaxis
  33. Typhoid fever: etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnostics
  34. Dengue fever: etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnostics
  35. Biological weapons and bioterrorism, infections potentially misused as biological weapons, risks for exposed humans.
  36. Skin and soft tissue infections – etiology, clinical signs, diagnostics
  37. Bone and joint infections – etiology, clinical signs, diagnostics
  38. Fever, its significance, recommendations for antipyretics
Syllabus -
Last update: prof. MUDr. Helena Žemličková, Ph.D. (15.09.2020)

Detailed syllabus, including Study materials, please see:

http://vyuka.lf3.cuni.cz
Entry requirements -
Last update: doc. MUDr. Petr Kučera, Ph.D. (30.09.2021)

Prerequisits for Immunology part of the Course is the knowledge from Cell and Molecular Immunology, Module Ib, Ist year
 
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