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Last update: doc. Ing. Jana Vránová, CSc. (17.02.2012)
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Last update: doc. Ing. Jana Vránová, CSc. (17.02.2012)
Primary aim of the course is to introduce physical background of processes and phenomena in medicine. Students will be informed about elementary terms of medical biophysics having direct association with medical diagnostics and therapy, physical principles of structure of matter, transport at the cell membrane, and bioenergetics of organisms. Course will introduce also subjects of biomechanics and kinesiology, electrical manifestations of organism and effect of electricity of organism, optics, acoustics and radioactivity. Physical background of medical imaging methods will be presented, too. As the benefit from the course students will be able to address biophysical problems having close relationship to health and sickness in man. In particular: physical fundamentals of physiological and pathological processes and related principles of diagnostics and therapy. Modern medicine takes advantage of technically complicated devices for diagnostics, preventive medicine and treatment, which cannot be fully employed without knowledge about physical principles of their function. Understanding of medical devices' principles is also one of course benefits. |
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Last update: doc. Ing. Jana Vránová, CSc. (17.02.2012)
Giancoli D.C. - Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, Prentice-Hall Inc., 2006 |
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Last update: doc. Ing. Jana Vránová, CSc. (17.02.2012)
Lectures, practical exercises |
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Last update: doc. Ing. Daniel Šuta, Ph.D. (04.02.2022)
Fro credits the students are expected to attend all seminars from Informatics and biophysical practices. For written / oral exam are students expected to fulfill credit conditions and to be familiar with the content of biophysical lectures and recommended literature (see above). |
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Last update: doc. Ing. Jana Vránová, CSc. (17.02.2012)
Structure of matter - elementary types of forces in nature, atom - its structure and characteristics, elementary particles, atomic nucleus and atomic shell Bioenergetics - heat, temperature and its measurement, control of body temperature, utilization of cold and hot in medicine Biomechanics and kinesiology - biomechanics of tissue, biomechanics of blood circulation, respiration, effect of mechanical forces on organism, therapeutic effect of mechanical energy Electric current - electric properties of tissue and organs, electric current conduction in tissue, action potential - bioelectric manifestation and use in diagnostics, electric current in diagnostics and therapy, electric current injury Optical and thermal radiation - radiation properties, optical radiation sources and detectors, optical methods and measurement, visible light, theory of color vision, adaptation to light and dark, eye and eye defects, ultraviolet and infrared radiation, medical use of thermal energy, biophysics of thermoregulation Acoustics - basic terms, physiological acoustics, outer middle and inner ear, audiometry, noise effects to organism, infrasound, ultrasound, generation and biological effects of ultrasound, diagnostic use of ultrasound, therapeutic use of ultrasound Radioactivity - natural and artificial radioactivity, characteristics of ionizing radiation, types of radioactive reactions, interaction of ionizing radiation with matter, biological effects of ionizing radiation, protection against ionizing radiation, detection of ionizing radiation, use of ionizing radiation in diagnostics and therapy, Chernobyl and atomic power plants, irradiation sickness, nuclear power supplies, nuclear weapons Ecological biophysics - effects of atmospheric pressure on human body, effects of decreased and increased atmospheric pressure, biometeorology, effects of mechanical energy on human body, Biological aspects of aerospace traffic, biological aspects of space crafts, overload and a weightlessness, magnetic field, cell phones, effects of coldness on human body Introduction to nuclear medicine - definition of discipline, radio-pharmaceutics, radio-nuclide in diagnostics, detection techniques in nuclear medicine, principle of scintillation detector, devices for personal and protective dosimetry, use of gamma-camera, PET, SPECT. Introduction to radiology - principle of X-ray tube, bremsstrahlung and characteristic radiation, detection of X-ray radiation, contrast materials, CT, NMR. Physical properties of new materials - materials s with recovery, use of collagen-based materials in substitution therapy Detail description of all lectures and practical exercise are found on the website: http://vyuka.lf3.cuni.cz |