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Course, academic year 2014/2015
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Physiology 2 - B80380 (Všeobecné lékařství AP)
Title: Fyziologie 2
Guaranteed by: Institute of Physiology First Faculty of Medicine Charles University (11-00150)
Faculty: First Faculty of Medicine
Actual: from 2013 to 2014
Semester: summer
Points: 11
E-Credits: 11
Examination process: summer s.:
Hours per week, examination: summer s.:6/4, C+Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: English
Teaching methods: full-time
Teaching methods: full-time
Explanation: prof. MUDr. O. Kittnar, CSc. MBA
Additional information: http://fyziologie.lf1.cuni.cz/medici-a-zubni-lekarstvi
Old code: 380
Guarantor: prof. MUDr. Otomar Kittnar, CSc., MBA
Attributes: Lékařství
Předmět pro elearning
Teoretický předmět
Co-requisite : {General Histology as a pre-requisite}, B80003, B80030
Pre-requisite : {Anatomy as a requisite}
Is pre-requisite for: B80384, B81674, B82001, B82000, B80385, B80048, B80051, B80634, B80050, B80632
Annotation -
Last update: MUDr. Eduard Kuriščák, Ph.D. (13.10.2017)
Physiology of the cell, body fluids, circulation, respiration, digestion and absorption, excretion. Principles of biological regulations, endocrinology, motor and sensory functions, general physiology of the nervous system and muscles.Consciousness, memory and behaviour
Literature - Czech
Last update: MUDr. Eduard Kuriščák, Ph.D. (13.10.2017)

Trojan S. a kol.: Lékařská fyziologie, GRADA, Praha 2003; Trojan S. a kol.: Nárys fyziologie člověka, Sešity I.-VI., Karolinum, Praha 1992-1997; Kittnar P a kol.: Fyziologické regulace ve schématech. GRADA-Avicenum, Praha 2000; Textbook of Medical Physiology. Ganong W. F.: Physiology, Prentice ? Hall International Inc., last edition.

Requirements to the exam - Czech
Last update: MUDr. Eduard Kuriščák, Ph.D. (13.10.2017)

Topics for the Final Exam in Physiology
The cell
The cell (cell membrane, nucleus, organelles, function)
Cell membrane
Transport across cell membranes
Ion channels
The ionic basis of the resting potential
Ionic currents underlying the action potential
Neuromuscular transmission
Excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle
Contraction in skeletal muscle
Contraction in smooth muscle
Cytoskeleton
Sensory transduction
Tissue maintenance
Body fluids
Body fluids
Homeostasis
Composition and functions of blood
Blood plasma
Organic and inorganic components of blood plasma
Plasmatic proteins
White blood cells
Granulocytes
Lymphocytes, lymphatic tissue
Monocyte-macrophage system
Thrombocytes
Red blood cells
Blood cell formation
Hemoglobin
Hemostasis
Hemocoagulation
Coagulation factors; fibrinolysis
Blood groups
Buffer systems in blood
Mechanisms of innate immunity
Systems of acquired immunity
The cell mediated immunity
Defensive properties of neutrophils and monocyte-macrophages
Formation and function of antibodies
Blood circulation
Electrical activity of the heart
Conducting myocardial system
The ionic basis of the resting potential in the heart
Ionic currents underlying the cardiac action potential and pacemaker potential
The role of calcium in the cardiac muscle
Sequence of depolarization and repolarization of atria and ventricles
Origin of the electrocardiogram
Electrocardiographic recording
The normal electrocardiogram
Excitation-contraction coupling in cardiac muscle
Mechanical properties of the cardiac muscle
Events of the cardiac cycle
Myocardial work
Function of cardiac valves, heart sounds
Pressure, volume, and flow during the cardiac cycle
Cardiac output, regulation
Blood pressure in the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins
Blood pressure in the right heart and in pulmonary circulation
Arterial pressure pulse
Determinants of the arterial blood pressure
Control of vascular resistance
Arteriolar tone and range of vascular control
Function of the microvascular network
Exchange of materials in capillaries
Interstitial fluid and lymph
Venous return and its relation to cardiac output
Receptors in cardiovascular system
The baroreceptor regulation of the cardiovascular system
Cardiopulmonary receptors
Neural control of the cardiovascular functions
Control of the cardiac output
Control of the blood pressure
Control of the blood volume
Control of the regional blood flow
Intrinsic regulation of the cardiovascular system
Stroke volume - the length-tension relationship
Arterial pressure and stroke volume
Heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output
Hormonal regulation of the cardiovascular system
Fetal and neonatal circulation
The coronary circulation
The circulation of the lungs
Cerebral circulation
Splanchnic circulation
The Respiratory System
Movements of the thoracic cage
Ventilation
Airways, the anatomical dead space, airway resistance
Lung volumes and capacities
Pleural and alveolar pressures
Lung compliance and elastance, surface tension
Work of breathing
Alveolar ventilation
Ventilation and perfusion in lungs
Alveolar and atmospheric air - composition
Exchange of gases in lungs and tissues
Diffusion and transport of respiratory gases
Transport of oxygen in blood
Transport of carbon dioxide in blood
Respiratory rhythmogenesis
Chemoreceptor control of respiration
Respiration in high altitudes
Respiratory reflexes
pH regulation in body fluids
The Digestive System
Motility of the gastrointestinal system
Chewing and swallowing, esophageal motility
Gastric motility
Intestinal motility, defecation
Cellular mechanism of secretion
Function of salivary glands
Gastric secretion
Pancreatic secretion
Secretory function of the liver
Intestinal secretion
Gastric digestion
Digestion in the small intestine
Digestion in the colon
Digestion and absorption of proteins
Digestion and absorption of carbohydrates
Digestion and absorption of lipids
Basic mechanisms of the intestinal transport
Water and electrolyte absorption
Absorption of vitamins
Functions of the liver
Metabolism of carbohydrates
Metabolism of proteins
Metabolism of lipids
Dietary balance
Temperature regulation
The excretory system
The physiology of the skin
Functional morphology of the kidney
Blood flow in the kidney, its regulation
Nephron, structure and function of its individual parts
Glomerular filtration, its regulation
Processing of the filtrate in the proximal and distal tubules
Renal mechanisms of the ion transport
Renal transport mechanisms of the organic compounds
Examinations of the renal function, clearance
Control of the renal functions
Control of extracellular fluid osmolality
Control of extracellular fluid volume, sodium and potassium balance
Body acid-base state and its regulation
Renal regulation of the acid-base balance
Micturition
The endocrine system
Mechanisms of cell signaling
Synthesis, release, disposal, and regulation of hormone secretion
Hormone action
The adrenocortical hormones
Growth hormone, growth factors, and control of the body growth
Regulation of the carbohydrate metabolism
Insulin secretion, action, and regulation
Hypothalamo-hypophyseal relations
The thyroid hormones secretion and its regulation
Thyroid hormones action
The adrenal medulla
Stress and emergency reaction
Glucocorticoids
Mineralocorticoids
Control of the calcium and phosphate balance
Hormones of the anterior pituitary
Secretion and physiological effects of catecholamines
Neurohypophyseal hormones
Biogenic peptides, neuropeptides, local chemical mediators
Endocrine and biological rhythms
Sexual differentiation
Reproductive and hormonal functions of the male
Reproductive and hormonal functions of the female
The ovarial cycle
Physiology of pregnancy
Functions of the placenta
Lactation
Fetal and neonatal physiology
Principles of neurophysiology
Structure and function of nerve cells
Membrane potentials
Transformation of a synaptic input into action potential
Action potentials and its propagation
Structure and function of axons, dendrites and dendritic spines
Structure and function of synapses
Synaptic transmission
Postsynaptic potentials
Transmitters in the nervous system
Integration activity of neurons
Functions of the neuronal circuits
Reflex arc, classification of reflexes
Organization of inhibitory circuits
Milieu of the central nervous system
Glial cells, brain barrier systems
The motor system
Excitation-contraction coupling in the skeletal muscle
Neuromuscular junction and ion changes during the muscle contraction
Physiology of the muscle contraction, energy requirements
The neural control of movements
The peripheral motor control
Spinal reflexes
Muscle tone and its control
Motor functions of the spinal cord
Motor functions of the brain stem
Motor functions of the basal ganglia
Function of the cerebellum
Cortical control of motor functions
The autonomic nervous system
Physiology of the smooth muscle contraction
Control of the smooth muscle contraction
Characteristics of sympathetic and parasympathetic action
Autonomic innervation of various structures
The hypothalamic functions
Control of the food intake
The sensory physiology
Classification of receptors
Signal transformation in receptor cells
Signal coding
Somatic sensations
Cutaneous receptors
Perception of pain
Function of the external and middle ear
Function of the cochlea
Processing of the auditory signal
The vestibular apparatus
The optics of the eye
The accessory eye organs
Function of the retina
Transmission and processing of the visual signal
The sense of taste
The sense of smell
Integrative function of the CNS
Function of the spinal cord
Thalamic functions
Function of the reticular system
Function of the limbic system
Function of the cerebral cortex
The association areas of the cerebral cortex
The dominance and specialization of the cerebral hemispheres
Intellectual functions of the brain, language
Mechanisms of the control of behavior
Mechanism of learning and memory
Waking and sleeping
Bioelectrical activity of the CNS
Practicals
Membrane Potential, Model 
Tests for Hemosthasis
Blood Groups Evaluation
Hemoglobin and Hematocrit Estimation
Sedimentation of Erythrocytes
Blood Pressure Measurement
ECG
Spirometry
Autonomic system
Metabolic Rate Measurement
Polyuria
Glycaemia Evaluation
Evaluation of Reflexes
Evaluation of Vision
Hearing Tests
Physiology of excercise
Education plan -
Schedule semestral
Educational week Date From - To Education type Theme Teacher Files Note Hodnocení
124.02.201512:30 - 14:00lectureKidney and Body Fluids, Fundamentals of Renal Physiology, Glomerular Filtration  
25.02.201512:30 - 14:00lectureEpithelial Transport, Filtrate Processing in the Tubules, Clearance  
27.02.201512:30 - 14:00lectureMechanisms for Controlling Extracellular Fluid Osmolality  
203.03.201512:30 - 14:00lectureExcretion and Regulation of the Sodium, Potassium, and Urea, Micturition  
04.03.201512:30 - 14:00lectureBody Acid-Base State and Its Regulation  
06.03.201512:30 - 14:00lectureEndocrinology, The Cellular Biology of Endocrine System  
310.03.201512:30 - 14:00lectureNeurohypophyseal Hormones, Neuropeptides  
11.03.201512:30 - 14:00lectureAnterior Pituitary  
13.03.201512:30 - 14:00lectureControl of the Calcium and Phosphate Balance  
417.03.201512:30 - 14:00lectureAdrenocortical and Thyroideal Hormones  
18.03.201512:30 - 14:00lectureAdrenal Medulla, Endocrine Rhythms  
20.03.201512:30 - 14:00lecturePancreas and Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism, Adipocytal hormones  
524.03.201512:30 - 14:00lectureReproductive and Hormonal Functions of the Male, Sexual Differentiation  
25.03.201512:30 - 14:00lectureReproductive and Hormonal Functions of the Female 
27.03.201512:30 - 14:00lecturePregnancy and Lactation, Fetal and Neonatal Physiology 
631.03.201512:30 - 14:00lectureExcitable Cells and Neurophysiology, General Principles of Neuronal Functions  
01.04.201512:30 - 14:00lectureSynaptic Transmission, Neurotransmitters  
03.04.201512:30 - 14:00nothingDean's day 
707.04.201512:30 - 14:00lectureMembrane Potentials, Role of Dendrites, Integrative Function of Neuronal Circuits 
08.04.201512:30 - 14:00lectureSensory Processes 
10.04.201512:30 - 14:00lectureSomatic Sensations, Pain  
814.04.201512:30 - 14:00lectureAuditory System  
15.04.201512:30 - 14:00lectureGustation and Olfaction  
17.04.201512:30 - 14:00lectureVisual System  
921.04.201512:30 - 14:00lectureSensory Processing  
22.04.201512:30 - 14:00lectureControl of Movements, The Spinal Motor Control, Reflex Arc, Muscle Function  
24.04.201512:30 - 14:00lectureStriated Muscle  
1028.04.201512:30 - 14:00lectureControl of the Posture, Eye Position, Locomotion, Chewing  
29.04.201512:30 - 14:00lectureVoluntary Movements, Motor Functions of Cerebral Cortex  
01.05.201512:30 - 14:00nothingState holiday  
1105.05.201512:30 - 14:00lectureMotor Functions of Cerebellum and Basal Ganglia  
06.05.201512:30 - 14:00lectureAutonomic Nervous System  
08.05.201512:30 - 14:00nothingState holiday  
1212.05.201512:30 - 14:00lectureHypothalamus, Smooth muscle  
13.05.201512:30 - 14:00nothingRector's day  
15.05.201512:30 - 14:00lectureLimbic system, reward system  
1319.05.201512:30 - 14:00lectureIntegrative Functions of the Central Nervous System  
20.05.201512:30 - 14:00lectureIntegrative Functions of Cerebral Cortex in Humans  
22.05.201512:30 - 14:00lectureLearning and Memory  
1426.05.201512:30 - 14:00lectureAssociation Functions of the Cerebral Cortex  
27.05.201512:30 - 14:00lectureBody Rhythms  
29.05.201512:30 - 14:00lectureDevelopment of neuronal circuits, Neuroplasticity  
1502.06.201512:30 - 14:00lectureMilleu of the CNS, Blood Brain Barrier  
03.06.201512:30 - 14:00lectureWaking and Sleeping  
05.06.201512:30 - 14:00lectureOptimality in Physiological Mechanisms, Summary and Revision  
 
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