Hygiene and Epidemiology SE - B80125 (Všeobecné lékařství AP)

• Title: Hygiena a epidemiologie SRZk
• Guaranteed by: Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague (11-00200)
• Faculty: First Faculty of Medicine
• Actual: from 2014 to 2015
• Semester: winter
• Points: 0
• E-Credits: 0
• Examination process: winter s.:
• Hours per week, examination: winter s.:0/0, STEX [HT]
• Capacity: unlimited
• Min. number of students: unlimited
• 4EU+: no
• Virtual mobility / capacity: no
• State of the course: taught
• Language: English
• Teaching methods: full-time
• Teaching methods: full-time
• Explanation: doc.MUDr.M.Tuček,CSc.
• Additional information: http://hyg.lf1.cuni.cz/
• Old code: 125
• Guarantor: prof. MUDr. Milan Tuček, CSc.
• Attributes: výjimka pro zápis VP; Lékařství; Stomatologie

Annotation

English

Last update: Jana Kolářová (01.03.2022)

Selected topics from hygiene and epidemiology: Environmental health, Environmental and occupational toxicology, Physical factors in general and occupational environment, Nutrition, Nutritional toxicology Occupational health, Risk factors in occupational environment, Fitness assessment for work, Indoor environment, Hospital hygiene, General epidemiology, Epidemiology of infectious and non-infectious diseases, Life style risk factors, Health promotion, Basics of statistics, Field work.

Czech

Last update: Jana Kolářová (01.03.2022)

Vybrané kapitoly z hygieny a epidemiologie: primární prevence, epidemiologie prostředí, toxikologie životního a pracovního prostředí, fyzikální faktory v životním a pracovním prostředí, hodnocení výživy a jejích rizikových faktorů, rizikové faktory v pracovním prostředí, ve vnitřním prostředí budov, rizikové faktory životního stylu, nemocniční hygiena, epidemiologická metodologie, epidemiologie infekčních a neinfekčních nemocí, programy podpory zdraví, terénní práce

Literature

Last update: Jana Kolářová (01.03.2022)

 

 

Recommended reading

 

• Bencko, V. et al: Hygiene and epidemiology. Selected Chapters. Charles University, Prague 2011, 270 pp.

• Bonita, R., Beaglehole, R., Kjellstrom, T.: Basic Epidemiology, 2nd Edition WHO, Geneva, 2006, 212pp. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/43541/1/9241547073_eng.pdf

• LaDou, J. Harrison, R: Current Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 5th Ed. Lange, 2014.

• Palmer K.T., Brown I.,Hobson J.: Fitness for Work. The Medical Aspects. 5th Ed., Oxford University Press, 2014.

• EFSA Dietary Reference Values for nutrients. Summary Report. European Food Safety Authority, 2017 92 pp. (Contains background information about all nutrients] https://www.efsa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2017_09_DRVs_summary_report.pdf

• Environmental Health  - Hygiene: Editor : Ševčíková Ľ. Comenius University, Bratislava 2015, 253 pp.

 

Relevant websites

 

Presentations of the Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology

 

http://hyg.lf1.cuni.cz/en

 

 

IMMUNIZATION

 WHO Vaccines http://www.who.int/topics/vaccines/en/
WHO Immunizations http://www.who.int/topics/immunization/en/
CDC Vacccines and immunizations http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/

 

NUTRITION

 

WHO Nutrition Department http://www.who.int/nut/

 

EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) http://www.efsa.europa.eu/

 

USDA Food and nutrition information centre http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/
WHO EURO Food safety http://www.euro.who.int/foodsafety
FAO Food based dietary guidelines http://www.fao.org/nutrition/education/food-dietary-guidelines/en/

 

TOBACCO DEPENDENCE

 

Office of the surgeon general: Tobacco cessation guideline https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/RecommendationStatementFinal/tobacco-use-in-adults-and-pregnant-women-counseling-and-interventions1
Treatobacco.net: http://www.treatobacco.org/home/home.cfm
Society FOR Research on Nicotine and Tobacco: http://www.SRNT.ORG
E-cigarettes info: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/e-cigarettes-an-evidence-update

 

EPIDEMIOLOGY

 

Emerging Infectious Diseases journal http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/index.htm
International Agency for Research on Cancer http://www.iarc.fr/

 

INDOOR ENVIRONMENT

 

International Society for Indoor Air Quality and Climate http://www.isiaq.org/

 

 

Requirements to the exam

Last update: MUDr. Eva Kudlová, CSc. (26.11.2020)

 

The block of hygiene and epidemiology seminars takes three weeks. Sessions are held from 8:00 a.m. until 12:30 p.m. at the Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology. The attendance of all sessions is compulsory. One or two topics are presented each day (see course schedule and syllabus). Students are expected to participate actively in the sessions. The three-week block is concluded by a State Examination. Detailed schedule of the seminars is posted in the locker at the Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology (first floor).

The full content of examination questions is not presented during the seminars; a part of the required information is to be found in learning materials and recommended supplementary reading listed in the section Literature. Students are advised to study throughout the three-week course for timely identification of potential issues that need to be consulted with lecturers.

The individual work consists of a written literature review or a field study report of an assigned topic. The outcome is a printed review/report and its electronic version is submitted to the tutor facilitating the individual work for evaluation. The summary of the work is presented in a plenary session on the last day of the course, as well as during the State Examination. The acceptance of the review/report by the tutor is one of prerequisites for obtaining the credit. Each student must present his/her printed copy of the review/report to the Examination Committee at the state examination.

 

·         The prerequisites for obtaining the credit are: (a) full attendance of all sessions confirmed at presence cards, (b) acceptance of the review/report by the tutor, and (c) passing a written test (30 questions; maximum acceptable number of mistakes is five). Time allocated for the test is one hour. Test is taken the last day of the block. In case of failure, the test may be repeated twice (i.e. taken max. 3 times). The test may re-taken at any of the dates & times shown for the State Examinations in the SIS but once a week only. Registration for the test is not required. The test takes place in Praktikum II or in the Theatre.

·         The tutor for individual work gives the credits based on the presence card. The credit cannot be given without a completed presence card.

·         Students must register for the State Examination in SIS (http://sis.lf1.cuni.cz).

·         The State Examination can be taken only after obtaining the credit and returning all materials borrowed from the Institute.

If any of the above is not met, the student cannot take the State Examination. It is prohibited to carry or use any electronic device during the examination or test.

 

In case of any issues concerning the preparation for the State Examination students should ask for a consultation the pertinent lecturer.

 

 

EXAMINATION QUESTIONS

1.            Hygiene, definition, history. Health protection and promotion.

2.            Health risks of exposure to dust and aerosols, prevention.

3.            Health risks of exposure to chemical substances, prevention.

4.            Toxic and allergenic effects of chemicals, prevention.

5.            Delayed effects of chemicals, prevention.

6.            Health risks of exposure to noise. Levels and types of noise.

7.            Health risks of exposure to noise. Specific and system effects of noise, prevention and protection.

8.            Health risks of exposure to vibration, prevention.

9.            Health effects of abnormal atmospheric pressure, prevention.

10.          Thermal - humidity microclimate. Thermal comfort.

11.          Health risks of exposure to ionizing radiation (stochastic and non stochastic effects).

12.          Principles of protection against ionizing radiation, workplace and occupational categories.

13.          Health risks of exposure to non-ionizing radiation/electromagnetic fields, prevention.

14.          Health risks of exposure to UV radiation, prevention. Ozone layer depletion.

15.          Health risks from the use of lasers, health protection.

16.          Whole-body physical burden, prevention.

17.          Local muscular strain /high forces, static positions, repeated motions/, prevention.

18.          Mental stress, prevention.

19.          Visual stress: Day light and artificial illumination, glare.

20.          Monitoring of environmental factors. Biological monitoring.

21.          Hygiene limits issues.

22.          Air quality and health, air pollution health impact. Emissions, imissions, smog.

23.          Health issues of traffic emissions.

24.          Health impact of work. Work related diseases, prevention.

25.          Risk analysis at work, principles of risk assessment and management, risk communication and perception.

26.          Categorization of working operations, risk factors and parameters.

27.          Occupational health risk assessment, risk prevention.

28.          Occupational risk factors of the medical care/service, prevention possibilities.

29.          Medical fitness assessment for work. Fitness certification.

30.          Workplace visits and preventive occupational medical examinations.

31.          Physical factors in the indoor environment, health impact, prevention.

32.          Water sources, potable water treatment, distribution, health safety, accidents.

33.          Water-associated health risks.

34.          Potable water quality, quality requirements, hygienic limits.

35.          Hydration management, protective drinks. Bottled water.

36.          Health risks of wastes and soil, prevention.

37.          Hormonally active substances (endocrine disruptors).

38.          Proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates: Role in nutrition.

39.          Mineral substances: Role in nutrition.

40.          Trace elements: Role in nutrition.

41.          Vitamins: Role in nutrition.

42.          Main food groups and their role in nutrition.

43.          Food additives, reasons for use, health security.

44.          Food contaminants, entry into the food chain, prevention, food safety authorities.

45.          Toxic substances in food, food poisoning prevention.

46.          Role of microorganisms in food.

47.          Dietary guidelines for general population.

48.          Assessment of nutritional status.

49.          Malnutrition, prevention.

50.          Food safety requirements for catering establishments.

51.          Radon and its decay products; health effects, prevention.

52.          Chemical substances in the indoor environment, health risks, prevention.

53.          Allergy and allergens, epidemiologic aspects, prevention.

54.          Hygiene and epidemiology in extraordinary situations. Bioterrorism.

55.          Child and adolescent health.

56.          Evidence based medicine.

57.          Cardiovascular risk factors. Trends in cardiovascular diseases.

58.          Trends in cancer epidemiology.

59.          Cancer risk factors.

60.          Tobacco use epidemic.

61.          Tobacco control, the role of health professionals in prevention and treatment.

62.          Passive smoking.

63.          Epidemiology of alcohol and illegal drugs addiction.

64.          Epidemiology, definition, practical impact.

65.          Epidemiological method of work, types of studies.

66.          Descriptive studies, types and basic characteristics.

67.          Analytical studies, types and basic characteristics.

68.          Interventional studies, types and basic characteristics.

69.          Errors in epidemiological studies. Accuracy, reliability, validity. Bias and confounding factors.

70.          Statistical induction. Population, Selection, Variables.

71.          Quality evaluation of tests: ROC curve, sensitivity, specificity.

72.          Symetrical and asymetrical distribution. Gauss curve. Measures of Central Tendency, Position and Dispersion.

73.          Statistical hypothesis testing. Level of importance. Test strength, errors.

74.          Dependency measurement: Correlation, regression.

75.          Measure the frequency of disease, death, and related phenomena. Frequency indicators. Confidence interval.

76.          Measures of association: Association, causality, relative risk, odds ratio, attributable risk.

77.          Postexposure prophylaxis.

78.          Process of infection spread and its characteristics.

79.          Source and susceptible organism in the process of infection transmission.

80.          Epidemiology of air-borne infections.

81.          Epidemiology of alimentary infections.

82.          Epidemiology of blood transmitted infections.

83.          Epidemiology of contact infections of the skin and superficial mucosa.

84.          Epidemiology of vector-borne infections.

85.          Anti-epidemic preventive and repressive measures.

86.          Disinfection; methods; efficiency review.

87.          Sterilization, methods; efficiency review.

88.          Nosocomial infections.

89.          Vaccination and immunization.

90.          Types and kinds of vaccines, reactions to vaccination, contraindications.

91.          Immunization in your home country.

92.          New vaccination strategies. Global trends.