Last update: Mgr. Kateřina Petříčková, Ph.D. (23.05.2019)
Provides basic information on general and specialised human medical microbiology, virology, mycology and parasitology. Describes important human pathogens, their characteristic properties, pathogenicity mechanisms of the diseases they induce, and basics of the antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral and antioparasitic therapy of the diseases. In practical hands-on learning provides important skills for bacteriological investigation of selected samples. The student will learn technics for clinical specimen collection, strategy of microbial identification and anti-microbial therapy.
Last update: Mgr. Kateřina Petříčková, Ph.D. (23.05.2019)
Poskytuje základní informace z obecné mikrobiologie, speciální lékařské mikrobiologie, virologie a parasitologie. Seznamuje s nejdůležitějšími lidskými patogeny, s jejich vlastnostmi, se základy patogenese příslušných onemocnění, se základy jejich diagnostiky,se základy imunizace,se základy antibiotické, antivirové a antiparasitární terapie.Formou praktické výuky poskytne základní dovednosti bakteriologického vyšetření vybraných klinických materiálů, seznámí s metodami odběru vybraných klinických materiálů, se strategií identifikace bakterií a strategií antibiotické terapie.
Aim of the course
Last update: Mgr. Kateřina Petříčková, Ph.D. (23.05.2019)
The aims of the subject: to provide knowledge on general microbiology, teach students , how to behave in an infectious area, how to deal with infectious material, how to prevent spread of infection. Students should understand interactions of infectious agents and the host, pathogenetic and immune mechanisms in the disease. They obtain basic laboratory skills and get guidlines for taking proper samples.
Syllabus -
Last update: Mgr. Kateřina Petříčková, Ph.D. (04.02.2019)
Lectures Microbiology 1 (2nd year, Summer Term)
Lectures in 2 hour units 30 hours of lectures/term Week Lecturer Theme
Kolářová: Introduction to Medical Microbiology, Basic Disciplines. Role in Health Care System. Characteristics of microorganisms- bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites
Pavlik: Identification Techniques for Microbes
Paetříčková: Morphology and Physiology of Bacteria, Bacterial Genetics
Holada: Disinfection and Sterilisation Technics, Methods of Sterility Control
Pavlik: Interaction of bacteria and the host - Pathogenicity and Virulence,
Adámková: Antimicrobial agents and antimicrobial therapy.
Pavlík: Review of Medical Bacteriology. Gram-positive bacteria
Pavlík: Gram-negative Bacteria, Spirochets and Mycoplasma
Pavlík: Mycobacteria, Chlamydiae, Rickettsiae
Mělková: Viruses. Taxonomy. pathogenesis and intracellular parasitism in the host cell
Mělková: Selected DNA Viruses
Holada Prions and prionic infections
Mělková: Selected RNA Viruses
Skořepová: Medical Mycology
Chánová: Parasitology
Seminars (Attendance Compulsory, within the lectures, indicated in the Education Plan):
Diagnostic Techniques in Medical Microbiology (3 hours)
Rational antimicrobial therapy (3 hours)
Practicals (one week, total 24 hours):
Microscopy in medical bacteriology, mycology and parasitology. Native, fixed and stained slide. Staining techniques (Gram. Ziehl-Nielsen, Buri, Giemsa, immunofluorescence). Bacterial culture media, cultures and macroscopic morphology. Metabolic Tests (API, Pliva Staphytest, Streptotest, Enterotest) Toxin detection. Antigen detection, Typing. Antibiotic susceptibility tests (diffusion/disc tests, E-tests, MIC, MBC-testing) Serologic reactions( agglutination, precipitation, immunodiffusion, immunofluorescence, ELISA, immunoblot). Genome detection techniques ? hybridisation, PCR. Horizontál electrophoresis, real-time PCR. Urine culture and interpreting of the test. Yeast culture (Sabouraud) and GT-test. Sample collection techniques and Kits, documentation, transport requirements. Disinfection and Sterilisation techniques and Sterility control. Blood cultures ? proper taking of samples, culture systéme icl. BacTec, BactAlert. Anearobic Culture. Anaerostat.
Last update: Mgr. Kateřina Petříčková, Ph.D. (23.05.2019)
Obsah předmětu lékařská mikrobiologie, morfologie a fysiologie bakterií, genetika bakterií, interakce bakteriální a hostitelské buňky, viry a hostitelská bunka, viry a hostitelsky organismus. Priony,prionové infekce. Mikrobiální osídlení lidského těla. Antiinfekční imunita. Základy mykologie. Základy parazitologie. Antibiotika a chemoterapeutika, racionální terapie ATB. Vyšetřovací metody klinické mikrobiologie. Nosokomiální infekce. Sterilizace a desinfekce.
Seminář (účast povinná): Antivirová, antimykotická a antiparazitární terapie.
Praktická cvičení (týdenní blok):
Mikroskopické vyšetření v bakteriologii, mykologii a parazitologii. Nativní, fixovaný a barvení preparát. Barvící techniky. Aerobní a anaerobní kultivace bakterií (kultivační média, bakteriální kultury, morfologie kolonií). Identifikace bakterií (API, Pliva Staphytest, Streptotest, Enterotest). Průkaz toxinů. Stanovení citlivosti na antibiotika (diskový difusní test, MIC, MBC, E-testy). Kultivace kvasinek a plísní, GT-test. Serologické reakce (aglutinace, precipitace, imunodifuse, imunofluorescence, ELISA, imunoblot). Molekulárně biologické techniky detekce infekčního agens (PCR, hybridisace). Odběr a transport vzorků, odběrové soupravy.
Literature -
Last update: Mgr. Kateřina Petříčková, Ph.D. (23.05.2019)
MURRAY P.R., ROSENTHAL K.S., PFALLER M.A. eds.: Medical Microbiology fifth edition, Mosby Inc. St. Louis 2006.
Last update: Mgr. Kateřina Petříčková, Ph.D. (23.05.2019)
MURRAY P.R., ROSENTHAL K.S., PFALLER M.A. eds.: Medical Microbiology sixth edition, Mosby Inc./Elsevier St. Louis 2009. ISBN 978-0-323-05470-6
WARD K.N., McCARTNEY A.C., THAKKER B.: Notes on Medical Microbiology including Virology, mycology and parasitology Second Edition Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier 2009 ISBN-13: 97804431028
KAYSER F.H., BIENZ K.A., ECKERT J., ZINKERNAGEL R.M.: Medical Microbiology Georg Thieme Stuttgart 2005 ISBN: 1-58890-245-5
TÖRÖK ESTÉE, MORAN E., COOKE FIONA: Oxford Handbook of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Oxford University Press 2009 (Reprint 2013) ISBN 978-0-19-856925-1
Teaching methods
Last update: Mgr. Kateřina Petříčková, Ph.D. (23.05.2019)
The course consists of one week block of practical training (hands-on) focused on microscopy and culture of bacteria and fungi, staining techniques, desinfection and sterilizing techniques, antibiotic susceptibility tests(disc, MIC, MBC), sterility control techniques, basic defense immunity mechanisms, toxin detection, serological reactions, microscopic parasitology, and proper specimen collection and transport (teaching laboratories of the Dept. Microbiology and immunology, Studničkova 7, Ground Floor, Back Entrance). Additional 2 seminars on Modern diagnostic techniques in medical microbiology and Strategies of antimicrobial therapy. Lectures cover basic topics on general microbiology and first 4 topics on specialised medical microbiology. Students are provided a selection of themes for their seminar thesis required for B 80372 Microbiology 2 credit
Entry requirements
Last update: Mgr. Kateřina Petříčková, Ph.D. (17.01.2019)
All students should have credit for B80005 Biology and Genetics 1 + Anatomy [B80598, B82239],
Organization of the Practicals:
The students are divided into groups of 12 based on the capacity of laboratories.
The list of students assigned to particular groups and dates will be available in the SIS as soon as the list of all registered students is ready - shortly before the beginning of the semester.
The practical classes will start in the 2nd week of the semester.
Switches between the lab groups are allowed only due to serious reasons - illness, hospitalization.
Students should bring their own signed white coat, a pair of lab shoes and a small pendant lock for the garderobe locker.
Requirements to the exam
Last update: Mgr. Kateřina Petříčková, Ph.D. (18.02.2022)
Credits will be awarded on the basis of a credit test, the practical week active attendance, protocols and announcement of topic chosen for seminar thesis.
Students who have attended 10 lectures by the end of the 14th week of the semester do not write the test and their credits will be signed by the practical week teacher.
LIST OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY EXAMINATION OUESTIONS (Revised Version1.February 2011) A. GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY: A1 Methods to identify bacteria A2 Structure of bacterial cell A3 Bacterial cell wall A4 Difference in cell wall structure of G+ and G- bacteria A5 Capsule and Glycocalix A6 Bacterial spores and process of sporulation A7 Superficial structures of bacterial cell A8 Bacterial metabolism types A9 Growth and multiplication of bacterial populations A10 Bacterial culture, media for differential diagnostics A11 Genetic information in bacterial cells A12 Extrachromosomal genetic information A13 Genetic information transfer in bacteria A14 Disinfection and Sterilisation Techniques A1S Pathogenicity and Virulence of bacteria A16 Bacteria and Environment A17 Bacteria and Humans A18 "Normal" bacterial flora of human body A19 Adherence of bacteria, infection of mucoid membranes A20 Bacterial invasion into tissues and cells A21 Protein bacterial exotoxins A22 Cytolytic toxins A23 Toxins acting inside the host cells A24 Neurotoxins A2S Enterotoxins A26 Bacterial Superantigens A27 Endotoxin - composition and biological effect A28 Bacterial escape of host´s immunity mechanisms (survival) A29 Sepsis and Septic shock A30 Classification of Antimicrobials and their group characterisation A31 Comparison of antibiotics structural characteristics A32 Mechanisms of action of antibiotics A33 Methods to determine effect of antibiotics, bacterial susceptibility A34 Interpretation of bacterial susceptibility test results (Inhibition zones, MIC, MBC) A35 Strategies of antimicrobial therapy A36 Bacterial resistance to antimicrobials A37 Antifungals and antiparasitic drugs A38 Types of Vaccines A39 Active immunisation A40 Passive immunisation A41 Role of cellular immunity in bacterial infections A42 Immunity mechanisms agains extra- and intracellular parasites A43 Phagocytosis, Complement and Immunoglobulins A44 Cutaneous immunity tests, use in ifectology, interpretation A45 Urinary tract pathogens A46 Respiratory tract pathogens A47 Gastrointestinal tract pathogens A48 Infections of CNS A49 Emerging infections A50 Genetic probes and their diagnostic use B. SPECIAL BACTERIOLOGY AND MYCOLOGY B1 Treponema pallidum B2 Leptospira interrogans B3 Borrelia burgdorferi, Borrelia afzeli and Borrelia recurrentis B4 Staphylococcus aureus B5 Coagulase-negative staphylococci B6 Streptococcus pyogenes B7 Streptococcus agalactiae and other b-group streptococci B8 Streptococcus pneumoniae B9 Other viridising streptococci B10 Enterococci B11 Neisseria gonorrhoeae B12 Neisseria meningitidis B13 Listeria monocytogenes B14 Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus cereus B15 Neurotoxic clostridia B16 Histotoxic clostridia B17 Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile B18 Non-sporulating anaerobic G+ bacteria B19 Pharyngeal neisseria B20 Pseudomonas aeruginosa B21 Burkholderia mallei and Burkholderia pseudomallei B22 Prancisella tularensis B23 Brucella B24 Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis B25 Legionella pneumophila B26 Characteristics of G- enteric rods (Enterobacteriaceae) B27 Escherichia coli B28 Salmonella B29 Shigella B30 Yersinia pestis, Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis B31 Facultatively pathogenic enteric G- rods B32 Vibrio cholerae and other vibrios B33 Campylobacter B34 Helicobacter pylori B35 Haemophilus influenzae B36 Corynebacterium diphteriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans B37 Facultatively pathogenous corynebacteria B38 Arcanobacterium haemolyticum B39 Classification of mycobacteria B40 Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex B41 Other pathogenous mycobacteria B42 Mycobacterium leprae B43 Actinomycetes and actinomycoses B44 Nocardia B45 Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum B46 Chlamydia and Chlamydophila B47 Rickettsia, Orientia, Bartonella and Ehrlichia B48 Fungal agents in superficial and subcutaneous mycoses B49 Fungal agents in systemic mycoses B50 Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans C. VIROLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY: C1 Structure of viruses C2 Classification of viruses C3 Viral replication C4 Interaction between virus and host cell C5 Principles of defence against viral infections C6 Virus-host interaction (whole organism level) C7 Antiviral therapy and antiviral drugs - mechanisms of action C8 Anti-viral immunisation C9 Diagnostics of viral infections C10 Poxviruses C11 VZV - varicella-zoster virus C12 HSV - virus herpex simplex C13 CMV - cytomegalovirus C14 EBV - Epstein-Barr virus C15 Influenza viruses C16 Parotitis virus C17 Morbillivirus C18 Rubella virus C19 Rabies virus C20 Adenoviruses C21 Rhinoviruses C22 Human Papillomaviruses C23 Flaviviruses C24 TBE - Tick-borne ecephalitis virus and other arthropod-born viruses C25 Coxsackie viruses C26 Enteroviruses - Poliomyelitis viruses C27 Arenaviruses and Filoviruses C28 Hepatitis viruses C29 HBV and HCV - Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus C30 HAV and HEV - Hepatitis A virus, Hepatitis E virus C31 Retroviruses C32 HIV - Human Immunodeficiency viruses C33 Viral diarrhoreas C34 Prions and prionic infections C35 Trichomonas vaginalis C36 Trypanosoma gambiensae and Trypanosoma cruzi C37 Leishmania C38 Entamoeba histolytica C39 Naegleria fowleri C40 Toxoplasma gondii C41 Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum C42 Pneumocystis carinii C43 Taeniae (Tapeworms) C44 Enterobius vermicularis C45 Ascaris lumbricoides C46 Trichinella spiralis C47 Toxocara C48 Filariae C49 Nematods C50 Arthropods as vectors of infectious diseases
Education plan -
Schedule by date
Day
Date
Description
Teacher
Files
Note
Hodnocení
Monday
23.02.2015
Introduction to Medical Microbiology, Basic Disciplines. Role in Health Care System. Characteristics of microorganisms- bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites
MUDr. Emil Pavlík, CSc.
Lecture Hall of the Institute of Pathology, Hlava Building, 2nd Floor, Studničkova 2, Praha 2. Mondays 12.30 – 14.00
Monday
02.03.2015
Identification Techniques for Microbes
MUDr. Emil Pavlík, CSc.
Monday
09.03.2015
Morphology and Physiology of Bacteria, Bacterial Genetics
MUDr. Emil Pavlík, CSc.
Monday
16.03.2015
Interaction of bacteria and the host - Pathogenicity and Virulence
MUDr. Emil Pavlík, CSc.
Monday
23.03.2015
Disinfection and Sterilisation Technics, Methods of Sterility Control.
doc. Ing. Karel Holada, Ph.D.
Monday
30.03.2015
Antimicrobial agents and antimicrobial therapy.
MUDr. Václava Adámková, Ph.D.
Monday
13.04.2015
Review of Medical Bacteriology . Gram-positive bacteria
MUDr. Emil Pavlík, CSc.
Monday
20.04.2015
Review of Medical Bacteriology: Gram-negative Bacteria, Spirochets and Mycoplasma
MUDr. Emil Pavlík, CSc.
Monday
27.04.2015
Review of Medical Bacteriology: Mycobacteria, Chlamydiae, Rickettsiae
MUDr. Emil Pavlík, CSc.
Monday
04.05.2015
Medical Mycology
doc. MUDr. Magdalena Skořepová, CSc.
Monday
11.05.2015
Viruses. Taxonomy. pathogenesis and intracellular parasitism in the host cell
MUDr. Emil Pavlík, CSc.
Monday
18.05.2015
Selected DNA Viruses
MUDr. Emil Pavlík, CSc.
Monday
25.05.2015
Selected RNA Viruses
MUDr. Emil Pavlík, CSc.
Monday
01.06.2015
Parasitology
Mgr. Marta Chanová, Ph.D.
Rozpis datumový
Den
Datum
Popis
Učitel
Soubory
Poznámka
Hodnocení
Pondělí
23.02.2015
Introduction to Medical Microbiology, Basic Disciplines. Role in Health Care System. Characteristics of microorganisms- bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites
MUDr. Emil Pavlík, CSc.
Lecture Hall of the Institute of Pathology, Hlava Building, 2nd Floor, Studničkova 2, Praha 2. Mondays 12.30 – 14.00
Pondělí
02.03.2015
Identification Techniques for Microbes
MUDr. Emil Pavlík, CSc.
Pondělí
09.03.2015
Morphology and Physiology of Bacteria, Bacterial Genetics
MUDr. Emil Pavlík, CSc.
Pondělí
16.03.2015
Interaction of bacteria and the host - Pathogenicity and Virulence
MUDr. Emil Pavlík, CSc.
Pondělí
23.03.2015
Disinfection and Sterilisation Technics, Methods of Sterility Control.
doc. Ing. Karel Holada, Ph.D.
Pondělí
30.03.2015
Antimicrobial agents and antimicrobial therapy.
MUDr. Václava Adámková, Ph.D.
Pondělí
13.04.2015
Review of Medical Bacteriology . Gram-positive bacteria
MUDr. Emil Pavlík, CSc.
Pondělí
20.04.2015
Review of Medical Bacteriology: Gram-negative Bacteria, Spirochets and Mycoplasma
MUDr. Emil Pavlík, CSc.
Pondělí
27.04.2015
Review of Medical Bacteriology: Mycobacteria, Chlamydiae, Rickettsiae
MUDr. Emil Pavlík, CSc.
Pondělí
04.05.2015
Medical Mycology
doc. MUDr. Magdalena Skořepová, CSc.
Pondělí
11.05.2015
Viruses. Taxonomy. pathogenesis and intracellular parasitism in the host cell
