|
|
|
||
|
The aim of State Final Exam in Preventive Medicine is to find the level of students´knowledge in population health protection and health promotion, recognition of adverse health risks and proposing preventive measures in population and individuals. Last update: Maternová Kateřina, Bc. (24.01.2024)
|
|
||
|
Students have to pass successfully the Final State Exam. Last update: Maternová Kateřina, Bc. (24.01.2024)
|
|
||
|
Student presents his/her knowledge in all branches of preventive medicine and public health. Last update: Maternová Kateřina, Bc. (24.01.2024)
|
|
||
|
Requirements for State Examination from Preventive Medicine (C4VL013):
Last update: Hrnčířová Daniela, Mgr., Ph.D. (25.09.2024)
|
|
||
|
STATE EXAMINATION TOPICS FROM PREVENTIVE MEDICINE (C4VL013) NUTRITION 1. Nutritional guidelines for health promotion. Principles of healthy nutrition. 2. Fats, proteins and carbohydrates in nutrition. 3. Vitamins in nutrition – deficiency and overdose. 4. Minerals and trace elements in nutrition – deficiency and overdose. 5. Nutrition in new-borns, toddlers and small children. 6. Nutritional aspects of pregnancy and lactation. 7. Nutrition in elderly. 8. Evaluation of nutritional status. 9. Nutrition in prevention of cardiovascular diseases. 10. Nutrition in prevention of diabetes mellitus type 2. 11. Nutrition in prevention of tumour diseases. 12. Vegetarianism and other alternative diets – health advantages and risks. 13. Prevention of food born infections and intoxications. Saprophytes in food. 14. Nutritional toxicology – inorganic contaminants (toxic metals, nitrates and nitrites). 15. Nutritional toxicology –organic contaminants (PCBs, PCDDs, PAHs, phthalates, mycotoxins). 16. Malnutrition and its prevention. 17. Human gut microbiota and its importance. Probiotics and prebiotics.
CHILD AND YOUTH HEALTH 1. Benefits of breastfeeding, breastfeeding support and protection 2. Assessing growth and development in childhood and adolescence 3. Prevention of obesity in children and adolescents 4. Eating disorders in children and adolescents 5. Developmental characteristics in preschool and school age, assessment of school readiness in preschool children 6. Health risks, hygienic requirements and health promotion in the kindergarten 7. Health risks, hygienic requirements and health promotion in the school 8. Prevention of psychoactive substance use and addictions in children 9. Prevention of behavioural addictions in children 10. Mental health support in children and youth, prevention of self harm 11. Prevention of the child abuse and neglect syndrome
EPIDEMIOLOGY General Epidemiology 1. Descriptive Studies: Principles, frequency measures (incidence rate, attack rate, mortality, period and point prevalence) 2. Analytical Studies: Principles, effect size (odds ratio, relative risk, incidence rate ratio, attributable risk) 3. Clinical Trials: Principles, reducing bias risk, phases of clinical trials 4. Screening and Test Validity: Screening principles, specificity, sensitivity, and other test performance measures Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases: 5. Spread of Diseases: Agent, transmission, host, forms of occurrence, surveillance, nosocomial infections [Healthcare-Acquired Infections (HAIs)] 6. Droplet or Airborne Viral Infections: Influenza, Coronavirus, Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) 7. Droplet or Airborne Bacterial Infections: Pneumococcal infections, Meningococcal infections, Whooping cough 8. Viral Alimentary Infections: Viral hepatitis A and E, Poliomyelitis, Rotavirus infections 9. Bacterial Alimentary Infections: Salmonellosis, Campylobacteriosis, Typhoid fever 10. Vector-borne or Wound-acquired Infections: Tick-borne encephalitis, Lyme disease, Rabies, Tetanus 11. Sexually or Blood-borne Viral Infections: HIV/AIDS, Viral hepatitis B, D, and C, Human papillomavirus (HPV) 12. Sexually Transmitted Bacterial Infections: Syphilis, Gonorrhea, Chlamydia trachomatis infections 13. Bacterial Infections Preventable by Vaccination in Childhood: Haemophilus influenzae type b, Diphtheria, Tuberculosis 14. Vaccine-preventable Viral Infections in Childhood: Measles, Mumps, Rubella, Chickenpox Vaccination: 15. Principles of Active and Passive Immunization: Seroconversion, efficacy, and safety of vaccination 16. Immunization Programmes: Specific vaccinations in childhood and adulthood, herd and individual protection
SPORT MEDICINE 1. Doping. 2. Role and prescription of strength and dynamic strength training in primary and secondary prevention. 3. Functional variables followed during exercise tests at laboratory (VO2, HR, BP, RQ, pulse oxygen). and their clinical significance. Effect of drug medication. 4. Metabolic syndrome. Treatment options. 5. Metabolism of principal nutrients during physical exercise. Nutrition in sports. 6. Exercise tests: types, sources, protocols, variables monitored. 7. Effect of regular physical activity (training) on physical fitness and metabolic indices. Effect of immobilization. 8. Obesity – pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment. 9. Physical activity in pathogenesis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. 10. Physical activity in pathogenesis and treatment of metabolic diseases (DM, hyperlipidaemias ...). 11. Muscle dysbalance. 12. Physical activity and diet in pathogenesis and treatment of obesity. 13. Role of physical activity in the following conditions: osteoporosis, pulmonary diseases, ischemia of lower extremities, gravidity, aging). 14. Effect of regular physical activity on body systems (cardiovascular system, skeletal muscle, metabolic indices, hormonal balance). Effect on mortality and morbidity. 15. Principles of prescription of regular physical activity (PA) in primary and secondary prevention. Determination and expression of the recommended intensity of PA. 16. Exercise testing – indication, contraindication, criteria of pathological test, criteria of test interruption. 17. Clinical evaluation of obesity: types of obesity and significance.
OCCUPATION MEDICINE 1. Occupational health services, content, and organization of services 2. Health damage from work, work-related diseases, occupational injuries 3. Assessment of medical fitness for work 4. Occupational diseases 5. Categorization of work, hazardous work, and evidence documentation 6. Dust, characteristics and measurement, exposure assessment 7. Measurement and assessment of working positions 8. Occupational carcinogens, chemical intoxications, biological exposure testing 9. Measurement and assessment of noise and vibrations 10. Primary prevention in occupational medicine 11. Biological agents, risk assessment, health protection 12. Secondary and tertiary prevention in occupational medicine 13. Risk analysis of work 14. Physical work overall and repetitive use injury
GENERAL HYGIENE 1. Drinking water – sources, quality and health requirements, organoleptic properties. 2. Drinking water – chemical and microbiological contamination, health risks, prevention. 3. Bathing water – hygienic requirements, health risks of microbial and chemical contamination, prevention. 4. Municipal, industrial and agricultural waste waters, health risks, prevention. 5. Waste – hygienic problematics, characteristics, disposal possibilities and their health risks and ecological impacts. 6. Health care waste - specificity, handling, health risks and prevention. 7. Environmental pollution – toxic metals - sources, pollution spreading, food chains contamination, health risks for the population – examples. 8. Endocrine disruptors – sources and spreading of pollution, food chains contamination, health risks from a population perspective – examples. 9. Health risk assessment of environmental factors – methodology - basic steps, human exposure estimation, risk communication and perception. 10. Human biomonitoring, and their significance and use in estimating the exposure of the general population to toxic substances from the environment – examples. 11. UV radiation and its positive and negative effects on human health, prevention. Radon - sources, health effects, prevention. 12. Hygienic requirements for medical facilities. 13. Housing - hygienic requirements and health risks of the apartment environment. 14. Air pollution - sources, main air pollutants and their health risks, air pollution monitoring system at national and local level, prevention possibilities. 15. Indoor air pollution, physical, chemical and biological factors specific to this environment, possibilities of prevention. 16. Environmental physical factors - Noise, Lighting, Microclimate - sources, health effects, prevention. 17. Environmental factors and specific risks for the children population.
PUBLIC HEALTH 1. Health Care indicators – overview, examples. 2. Advanced directive (Do Not Resuscitate) principle – description, possible risks. 3. Reform of health care systems – generic aspects. 4. Structure and function of a health care system. Principles and mechanisms of the organization of the health care. 5. Health care financing – basic types. Principles of public health insurance. 6. DRG system – overview, pros and cons. 7. Describe the Czech health care system. Who pays the care, who provides it and what is the access of population to the health care. 8. Forms of physicians’ reimbursement and hospital financing. Advantages and disadvantages of different modes of financing hospitals. 9. Risk in healthcare – general principles, examples. 10. Quality management in healthcare – overview, examples. 11. International Patient Safety Goals – overview, basic principles. 12. Basic rights of patients guaranteed by current legislation. 13. Confidentiality in healthcare- basic principles, exceptions. Last update: Hrnčířová Daniela, Mgr., Ph.D. (27.09.2024)
|
|
||
Last update: Hrnčířová Daniela, Mgr., Ph.D. (25.09.2024)
|