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Course, academic year 2016/2017
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Plants and Stress - MB130P23
Title: Rostliny a stres
Guaranteed by: Department of Experimental Plant Biology (31-130)
Faculty: Faculty of Science
Actual: from 2014 to 2016
Semester: winter
E-Credits: 3
Examination process: winter s.:
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:2/0, Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: 5
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: Czech
Explanation: Čas a místo konání přednášky bude upřesněno na semináři V5 II.p
Additional information: http://kfrserver.natur.cuni.cz/studium/prednasky/stres/index.html
Note: enabled for web enrollment
Guarantor: RNDr. Michal Hála, Ph.D.
Teacher(s): doc. Ing. Lenka Burketová, CSc.
RNDr. Michal Hála, Ph.D.
doc. RNDr. Helena Lipavská, Ph.D.
RNDr. Aleš Soukup, Ph.D.
doc. RNDr. Radomíra Vaňková, CSc.
Opinion survey results   Examination dates   Schedule   
Annotation -
Concepts and theories of stress in plants (Stressor-stress H.Seyle, Stress-strain J.Levitt, Disturbance-stress-competition P.Grime, Stress factors-stress response W.Larcher). Theories and definitions of adaptation, acclimation, coping, resistance, tolerance, and avoidance. Occurrence of abiotic and biotic stresses. Specific and unspecific reactions (stress genes, stress proteins, stress fytohormones, oxidative stress). Mechanisms of damage and resistance in plants to frost, chilling, heat, drought, salt, flooding, hypoxia, anoxia, heavy metals, radiation (UV, visible, infrared), mechanical stress, pathogens-diseases (viruses, bacteria, fungi, worms), pests (herbivores, insects). Plant defence systems, multiple stress interaction.
literature:
The chapter Stress Physiology in texbook: Plant Physiology (Taiz a Zeiger, eds., Sinauer Associates, Inc., Publishers, Sunderland, Massachusetts, 1998).
E.T.Nilsen, D.M.Orcutt, Physiology of plants under stress. Abiotic Factors (1996), Soil and Biotic Factors (2000) John Willey and Sons, Inc. N.Y.-Chichester-Brisbane-Singapore-Weinheim.
Last update: Hála Michal, RNDr., Ph.D. (12.03.2019)
Literature - Czech

Studijní literatura:

Kapitoly Fyziologie stresu a Stress Physiology v učebnicích: Fyziologie rostlin (Procházka et.al., Academia 1998) a Plant Physiology (Taiz a Zeiger, eds., Sinauer Associates, Inc., Publishers, Sunderland, Massachusetts, 1998).

E.T.Nilsen, D.M.Orcutt, Physiology of plants under stress. Abiotic Factors (1996) a Soil and Biotic Factors (2000) John Willey and Sons, Inc. N.Y.-Chichester-Brisbane-Singapore-Weinheim.

Last update: Hála Michal, RNDr., Ph.D. (12.03.2019)
Requirements to the exam - Czech

ústní zkouška

Last update: Hála Michal, RNDr., Ph.D. (12.03.2019)
Syllabus -

Stress and Plants - overview, terminology and theories of stress.

1. Overview of stress factors and their effects on different parts of world, theory stress-strain (J.Levitt), stressor-stress (H.Selye), stress-disturbance (J.Grime), resistance mechanisms in plants - escape, avoidance, tolerance, stress response, acclimation and adaptation in plants.

Abiotic factors - occurrence, mechanisms of damage and resistance in plants.
2 . Frost and plant overwintering, damage by frost, undercooling and frost resistance, ice-nucleating bacteria, cold regulated proteins, plant hardening under natural conditions.
3. Chilling and heat stresses, damage by cold and heat, avoidance and tolerance of plants to cold and heat, membrane phase transition, heat shock proteins.
4. Water relationships in plants under water stress, drought and water deficit in plants, drought resistance, dehydrins, stress phytohormones, water use efficiency.
5. Salinity stress, ions and osmotic stress, resistance to salts and toxic effects of ions, osmotic adjustment, turgor maintenance.
6. Flooding and oxygen deficiency, hypoxic and anoxic condition, acclimation and adaptation to flood, development of aerenchyma, effects on ethylene.
7. Heavy metals and xenobiotics, metal toxicity, effects on pH, mechanisms of resistance, phytochelatins, biomonitoring
8. Irradiance, UV irradiance, mechanisms of damage and resistance to UV, reparation.
9. Oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, photoinhibiton and photodestruction, antioxidant enzymes and compounds.

Biotic factors - occurrence, mechanisms of damage and resistance in plants.
10. Plant pathogens, diseases, host physiology, plant defence against pathogen attack, disease resistance, hypersensitive reactions, elicitors, PR-proteins.
11. Herbivory, plant - herbivory interactions, indirect and direct defences, phytoalexins, systemic acquired resistance, defensive compounds.
12. Generalities, trends, allelopathy, transgenic plants and genetic engineering.

Last update: Hála Michal, RNDr., Ph.D. (12.03.2019)
 
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