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Course, academic year 2023/2024
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Czechoslovak Economic and Social History (1945–1989) - YMO321
Title: Czechoslovak Economic and Social History (1945–1989)
Guaranteed by: Programme Oral History and Contemporary History (24-KOHSD)
Faculty: Faculty of Humanities
Actual: from 2023
Semester: winter
E-Credits: 3
Examination process: winter s.:
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:2/1, Ex [HS]
Capacity: unknown / unknown (unknown)
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
Key competences:  
State of the course: not taught
Language: English
Teaching methods: combined
Teaching methods: combined
Level:  
Guarantor: PhDr. Mgr. Lenka Krátká, Ph.D.
Incompatibility : YMO132
Examination dates   Schedule   Noticeboard   
Annotation -
Last update: Mgr. Monika Picková (04.09.2023)
The aim of the course is to introduce basic characteristics of the economic and social development in Czechoslovakia in the period from the end of WWII to 1989. The main topics: interwar economic development – economic development after WWII (international consequences, main problems in the country) – February 1948 communist coup d’état – related transformation of Czechoslovak economy – Council for Mutual Economic Assistance – first economic reform (Rozsypal) – economic stagnation in the first half of 1960s – second economic reform (Šik) – impacts of democratization process in the 1960s on the economy – return to the direct model of planning and economic management in 1970s – economy in 1970s and 1980s – initial conditions for transformation after year 1989.
Literature
Last update: Mgr. Monika Picková (04.09.2023)

Obligatory:

  • Berend, Ivan T. Central and Eastern Europe 1944-1993: detour from the periphery to the periphery. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996, 414 s. ISBN 0521550661.
  • Enderle-Burcel, Gertrude (ed.). Gaps in the iron curtain: economic relations between neutral and socialist countries in Cold War Europe. Kraków: Jagiellonian University Press, 2009, 293 s. ISBN 978-83-233-2532-1.
  • Myant, Martin R. The Czechoslovak economy, 1948-1988: the battle for economic reform. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010, 316 s. ISBN 0-521-35314-9.
  • Šik, Ota. Czechoslovakia: the bureaucratic economy. White Plains: International Arts and Sciences Press, 1972, 138 s. ISBN 0873320034.
  • Teichová, Alice. The Czechoslovak economy 1918-1980. Abingdon; New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2011, 178 s. ISBN 978-0-415-60949-4.
  • Wejnert, Barbara (ed.). Transition to Democracy in Eastern Europe and Russia: Impact on Politics, Economy and Culture.. Westport: Praeger , 2002, 384 s. ISBN 978-0275972349.

Recommended:

  • Čechurová, Jana; Štaif, Jiří (eds.). K novověkým sociálním dějinám českých zemí. 6, Sociální dějiny dnes. Praha: Karolinum, 2004, 251 s. ISBN 80-246-0723-9.
  • Lacina, Vlastislav; Pátek, Jaroslav (eds.). Dějiny hospodářství českých zemí od počátku industrializace do současnosti: Období první Československé republiky a německé okupace 1918-1945. sv. 3. Praha: Karolinum, 1995, 219 s. ISBN 80-7184-051-3.
  • Eloranta, Jari; Ojala, Jari (eds.). East–West Trade and the Cold War. Jyväskyla: University of Jyväskyla, 2005, 228 s. ISBN 951-39-2088-7.
  • Chalupecký, Petr; Fabiánková, Klára; Jeřábková Zdenka. Discussion on Monetary Policy and Banking Reform in the Course of Econoic Reform in CSSR in the Seco. In Stellner, František (ed.). Die wirtschaftliche und politischen Auswirkungen der Meilensteine 1848-1918-1938-1948-1968 . Praha: Oeconomica, 2010, s. 195-212. ISBN 9788086277738..
  • Jakubec, Ivan. Hospodářský vývoj českých zemí v období 1848-1992. Praha: Oeconomica, 2008, 289 s. ISBN 978-80-245-1450-5.
  • Kalinová, Lenka. Společenské proměny v čase socialistického experimentu: k sociálním dějinám v letech 1945-1969. Praha: Academia, 2007, 363 s. ISBN 978-80-200-1536-5.
  • Kaplan, Karel. Znárodnění a socialismus. Praha: Práce, 1968, 260 s. ISBN .
  • Kaplan, Karel. Československo v RVHP: 1949 - 1956. Praha: Ústav pro soudobé dějiny AV ČR, 1995, 519 s. ISBN 80-85270-43-9.
  • Kaplan, Karel. Kořeny československé reformy 1968. Brno: Doplněk, 2002, 425 s. ISBN 80-7239-135-6.
  • Kaplan, Karel. Československo v poválečné Evropě. Praha: Karolinum, 2004, 407 s. ISBN 80-246-0655-0.
  • Kaser, Michael C. (ed.). The Economic History of Eastern Europe, 1919–1975: Volume III: Institutional Change Within a Planned Economy. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1987, 314 s. ISBN 978-0198284468.
  • Klacek, Jan. Transition to a Market Economy: The Experience of Czechoslovakia. Tokyo: NIRA Library, 1992, 8 s. ISBN .
  • Kubů, Eduard. Economic Reconstruction of Czechoslovakia after World War II (The Path of an Industrial State from a. In Enderle-Burcel, Gertrude; Kubů, Eduard; Šouša, Jiří; Stiefel, Dieter. Discourses – Diskurse. Essays for – Beiträge zu Mikuláš Teich . Prague – Vienna: Nová tiskárna Pelhřimov, 2008, s. 111-127. ISBN 978-80-86559-90-2..
  • Průcha, Václav. Hospodářské a sociální dějiny Československa 1918-1992. Brno: Doplněk, 2004, 580 s. ISBN 80-7239-147-X.
  • Půlpán, Karel. Nástin českých a československých hospodářských dějin do roku 1990. 1. díl. Praha: Karolinum, 1993, 302 s. ISBN 80-7066-785-0.
  • Rozsypal, Kurt. Vývoj plánovitého řízení v netržních podmínkách v letech 1953-1964: (paměti)H. Praha: Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 1999, 96 s. ISBN 80-7079-155-1.
  • Šulc, Zdislav. Stručné dějiny ekonomických reforem v Československu, (České republice), 1945-1995. Brno: Doplněk, 1998, 117 s. ISBN 80-7239-005-8.
  • Teichová, Alice (ed.). Central Europe in the twentieth century: an economic history perspective. Aldershot: Ashgate, 1997, 174 s. ISBN 1-85928-105-2.

Syllabus
Last update: Mgr. Monika Picková (05.09.2023)

1)    Interwar development of Czechoslovak economy; war (WWII) economy

  • Czechoslovak economy after the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire
  • phases of interwar economy development, Germanization of economy
  • analysis of economic development in agriculture, industry, services, transport and banking

2)    Economic development after the World War II (1945–1948) – international context

  • post-war restoration of Czechoslovakia and Western countries
  • Marshall Plan
  • Czechoslovakia and Western countries “at the threshold of the Cold War”
  • post-war restoration and the Soviet Union

3)    Economic development after the World War II – nationalization in 1945

  • the National Front
  • Košice Government program
  • nationalization under presidential decrees
  • currency reform in 1945
  • social situation, social problems

4)    Economic development after the World War II (years 1946 and 1947); February 1948 impacts on economy

  • Two Year Plan (1946–1947)
  • land reforms
  • year 1947
  • February 1948 (communist coup d’état) impacts on economy
  • social development during 1945–1948 

5)    Completion of economic transformation after February 1948

  • first Five-Year Plan (1949–1953)
  • 1953 currency reform
  • collectivization of agriculture
  • collapse of economy in 1955–1956

6)    Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA)

  • CMEA – circumstances of its founding
  • CMEA and structural changes of Czechoslovak economy
  • CMEA and Czechoslovak economy during 1949–1956

7)    Second Five Year Plan (1956–1960); first attempt to reform the economy

  • economic characteristics of the period
  • “Rozsypal” economic reform
  • CMEA further development and its effect on Czechoslovak economy
  • social system development 1948–1960

8)    Stagnation in the first half of 1960s

  • third Five Year Plan (1961–1965)
  • problems of various economic sectors
  • relationship between economy problems and democratization process

9)    “Šik” economic reform; impacts of democratization process on the economy

  • Fourth Five Year Plan (1966–1968)
  • characteristics of the “Šik” reform
  • Action Program of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
  • democratization process and its impacts on the economy (workers councils; law on enterprise)
  • return to direct model of planning and economy management

10)   Social consequences of so-called normalization

  • from reform activities back to central regulation of social processes
  • population development; the issue of employment
  • changes of distribution and re-distribution of values
  • social system of “real socialism“

11)   Czechoslovak economy in 1970s

  • from extensive development to stagnation
  • fifth Five Year Plan (1971–1975)
  • deceleration of economic development after 1975
  • sixth Five Year Plan (1976–1980)

12)   Czechoslovak economy in 1980s; conditions for the transformation of 1989

  • development of world economy
  • economic development after 1980
  • attempts to carry out partial changes in the direct model of economic management
  • „re-building” of economic mechanism (perestroika)
  • transformation conditions
Course completion requirements
Last update: Mgr. Monika Picková (04.09.2023)

The course is completed by the test in a form of written composition.

The final mark is composed as follows:

20 %

  • active participation at lectures

80 %

  • final written composition following (only) one of these instructions, student will choose the topic
  • critical overview of one of these books using at least two other books or articles for comments or reference
  • Fava, Valentina. The socialist people’s car: automobiles, shortages and consent in the Czechoslvoak road to mass production (1918–64). Amsterdam: Amsterdam Unviersity Press 2013
  • Krátká, Lenka. A History of the Czechoslovak Ocean Shipping Company, 1948–1989: How a Small, Landlocked Country Ran Maritime Business during the Cold War. Stuttgart: Ibidem-Verlag 2015
  • 8–10 standard pages (1800 signs/page)

 

Evaluation:

grade A: 85–100 %

grade B: 75–84 %

grade C: 68–74 %

 
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