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Course, academic year 2023/2024
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Physics II (part 2) - NUFY008
Title: Fyzika II (2.část)
Guaranteed by: Laboratory of General Physics Education (32-KVOF)
Faculty: Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
Actual: from 2022
Semester: winter
E-Credits: 7
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:3/2, C+Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: cancelled
Language: Czech
Teaching methods: full-time
Teaching methods: full-time
Guarantor: prof. RNDr. Vladimír Baumruk, DrSc.
prof. RNDr. Josef Štěpánek, CSc.
Classification: Physics > Teaching
Annotation -
Last update: T_FUUK (11.05.2001)
Geometrical and wave optics for teaching study programs (Mathematics/Physics and Physics/Computer Science).
Literature - Czech
Last update: T_FUUK (23.05.2003)

1. Klier E.: Optika, Universita Karlova, Praha 1980 (skripta)

2. Štrba A.: Optika (Všeobecná fyzika 3), Alfa a SNTL, Bratislava a Praha 1979

3. Kvasnica J.: Teorie elektromagnetického pole, Academia, Praha 1985

4. Horák Z., Krupka F.: Fyzika, SNTL, Praha 1976, 1981

5. Prosser V. a kol.: Experimentální metody biofyziky, Academia, Praha 1989

6. Main I.G.: Kmity a vlny ve fyzice, Academia, Praha 1990

7. Sedlák B., Štoll I.: Elektřina a magnetismus, Academia-Karolinum, Praha 1993

8. Malý P., Pantoflíček J.: Doplňkový text k přednášce z optiky, MFF UK, Praha 1985

9. Vrbová M. a kol.: Lasery a moderní optika (oborová encyklopedie), Prometheus, Praha 1994

Syllabus -
Last update: T_FUUK (23.05.2003)
1. Electromagnetic theory and light
A brief history of optics. Speed of light and its measurement. Maxwell's equations and their solution in free space, wave equation, plane and spherical waves. Plane harmonic wave as an elementary solution of Maxwell's equations and its characteristics: polarization, energy density, irradiance, radiation pressure and momentum. The propagation of light, diffraction and interference: Fraunhofer and Fresnel diffraction, the single slit, the double slit, diffraction by many slits, optical grating, the rectangular aperture, the circular aperture. Characteristics of real radiation: the spectrum and spectral quantities, radiometric and photometric quantities and their spectral densities. Superposition of real waves and coherence, unpolarized and partly polarized light.

2. Elastic interaction of light and matter
The propagation of light through a dielectric medium. Maxwell's equations and their solution in homogeneous isotropic medium, dynamic permitivity. Index of refraction and its dispersion, dispersing prisms, rainbow. Propagation through the optical boundary: the laws of reflection and refraction, total reflection. Fresnel equations, Reflectance and transmittance versus incident angle. Parallel films, amplitude splitting interferometers. Geometrical optics: properties of collinear transformation. Rectilinear propagation of light, light rays, reflection and refraction at spherical surfaces. Centered optical systems, lenses. The human eye and other optical systems. Aberrations. Light in anisotropic media, birefringence: uniaxial and biaxial crystals, birefringent polarizers, waveplates. Optical activity, induced optical effects. Propagation of light in inhomogeneous medium, elastic light scattering.

3. Resonant interaction of light and matter
Thermal radiation, Planck's law and quantum hypothesis. The photoelectric effect, photons. Particles and waves. Single photon transitions, absorption, stimulated and spontaneous emission. Population inversion, the laser: configuration and properties. A survey of laser developments. Introduction to optical spectroscopy. Absorbing media, the Lambert-Beer's law. Luminescence, excited states and nonradiative energy dissipation.

 
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