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The development of optics as a field of physics will be outlined in several
thematic areas. Many people participated in the development of optics, and this seminar aims to put into context
the given time, the philosophical mood and the main achievements of selected scientists. We will
deal with philosophical problems and early ideas of light perception, through experimental perception and
theoretical models in the early modern period to Maxwell's theory of electromagnetic waves. Finally, we take a look
at the experiments that helped with the formulation special theory of relativity.
Last update: Kopecký Vladimír, RNDr., Ph.D. (11.01.2023)
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1. Regular attendance. 2. Active participation: Elaboration of a report on the life of one of the scientists who contributed to the development of optics (Kepler, Newton, Huygens, Fresnel, Young, Maxwell or others) and presentation at the lecture. Last update: Kopecký Vladimír, RNDr., Ph.D. (11.01.2023)
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Olivier Darrigol: A history of optics - from Greek antiquity to the nineteenth century, Oxford University Press 2012. K. Simonyi: A cultural history of physics, CRC Press 2012. Harry Varvoglis: History and Evolution of Concepts in Physics, Springer 2014. Daniel J. McKaughan: The History and Philosophy of Science, Bloomsbury 2018. John L. Heilbron: Physics - a Short History from Quintessence to Quarks, Oxford University Press 2015. John L. Heilbron: The History of Physics - A Very Short Introduction, Oxford University Press 2018. Edward R. Dougherty: The Evolution of Scientific Knowledge - From Certainty to Uncertainty, SPIE Press 2016. Last update: Kopecký Vladimír, RNDr., Ph.D. (11.01.2023)
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1) Ancient Greece and Rome i) Philosophy of physics, role of experiment in knowledge of the world ii) Aristotle and his assumptions iii) Transition to the time of Kepler and Galileo 2) Theory of the mechanical medium i) Descartes, Hobbes, Hooke, Pardies and Huygens ii) Optical imaging 3) Theory of light in the 17th and 18th centuries i) Newton and his contribution to wave and corpuscular theory ii) Euler and neo-Cartesian theories of light iii) Young's experiment, interference and polarization iv) Laplace, Malus, Brewster and others v) Fresnel's theory, diffraction of light 4) Ether and matter i) Wave and ray theory, electromagnetic theory of light ii) Fourier synthesis iii) Experiments regarding ether and medium iv) The path to the special theory of relativity Last update: Kopecký Vladimír, RNDr., Ph.D. (11.01.2023)
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The seminar is intended for students of subsequent master's studies who have completed the subject NOFY022 Optics and NOOE021 Wave optics. Last update: Kopecký Vladimír, RNDr., Ph.D. (11.01.2023)
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