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Course, academic year 2024/2025
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Yeast Biology - NBCM024
Title: Biologie kvasinek
Guaranteed by: Institute of Physics of Charles University (32-FUUK)
Faculty: Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
Actual: from 2024 to 2024
Semester: summer
E-Credits: 3
Hours per week, examination: summer s.:2/0, Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: Czech
Teaching methods: full-time
Guarantor: RNDr. Marie Kodedová, Ph.D.
Teacher(s): RNDr. Marie Kodedová, Ph.D.
Class: Fyzika
Classification: Physics > Biophysics and Chemical Physics
Annotation -
Yeast biology Yeast morphology, growth and reproduction, structure of the yeast cell, chemical composition, cell cycle, metabolism, the yeast killer system, pathogenic yeasts, industrially utilized yeasts.
Last update: T_FUUK (17.05.2001)
Aim of the course -

Introduction in Yeast Biology

Last update: GASKOVA/MFF.CUNI.CZ (14.05.2008)
Course completion requirements -

Oral exam, exam requirements - in the extent of the syllabus.

Last update: Gášková Dana, doc. RNDr., CSc. (30.10.2019)
Literature -

A. Kocková-Kratochvílová: Kvasinky a kvasinkové organismy, SNTL, Praha, 1982. A. Kocková-Kratochvílová: Taxonómia kvasinek a kvasinkovitých mikroorganizmov, ALFA, Bratislava, 1990. D. Vraná (Ed.): Kvasinky ve výzkumu a praxi, Academia Praha, 1986. O. Bendová, M. Kahler: Pivovarské kvasinky, SNTL, Praha, 1981.

A. Kocková-Kratochvílová: Kvasinky a kvasinkové organismy, SNTL, Praha, 1982

A. Kocková-Kratochvílová: Taxonómia kvasinek a kvasinkovitých mikroorganizmov, ALFA, Bratislava, 1990

D. Vraná (Ed.): Kvasinky ve výzkumu a praxi, Academia Praha, 1986

O. Bendová, M. Kahler: Pivovarské kvasinky, SNTL, Praha, 1981

Last update: GASKOVA/MFF.CUNI.CZ (14.05.2008)
Teaching methods -

course (facultative)

Last update: GASKOVA/MFF.CUNI.CZ (14.05.2008)
Requirements to the exam -

Oral exam requirements are within the scope of the lecture syllabus.

Last update: Gášková Dana, doc. RNDr., CSc. (31.10.2019)
Syllabus -

Definition of yeast: Importance and use.

Yeast morphology. Cell morphology ? size and shape, measuring cells, effect of

external factors on cell shape changes, special cells (blastospores, ballistospores,

etc.). Morphology of yeast culture ? growth in a liquid and on a solid medium, types

of budding, single-cell colonies, giant colonies.

Yeast growth and reproduction: Basic yeast nutrition, growth substances, culture

growth ? growth curve (lag phase, exponential, diauxic, post-diauxic, stationary

phase, death phase), growth rate (generation time), synchronized growth, effect of

temperature, effect of inoculum size.

Yeast taxonomy: System according to Kocková-Kratochvílová, key for genus

determination, identification of the most important species and their groups.

Yeast cell structure. Isolation of cell components, cell wall ? structure, scars (types

and staining), protoplasts, induced fusion of protoplasts; membrane ? membrane

systems, secretion pathway, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, secretion

vesicles, modification of proteins during the pathway; vacuole ? function; ribosomes

? cytoplasmic, mitochondrial; cytoskeleton ? methods of study, components,

cytoskeletal functions ? shape changes and motion of organelles; mitochondria ?

shapes, size, structure; nucleus ? structure; cytosol.

Chemical composition of cells: Cell dry weight, inorganic composition, intercellular

and intracellular water, water content of individual organelles, organic cell

components ? nucleic acids and proteins, cell wall polysaccharides (mannans,

glucans, chitin), intracellular saccharides, lipids, sterols, vitamins.

Yeast cell cycle: Cell cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, gene control of cell cycle.

Yeast cell mating: The course of mating, a- and á-cell types, homothallism,

heterothallism, agglutinins.

Sporulation: Initiation of sporulation, sporulation stages, spore composition, mutants.

Metabolism: Requirements of yeast cells for water, temperature, oxygen ? selective

media; transport of substances across the cell wall and cell membrane ? saccharides,

amino acids, ions, peptides, glucose uptake ? regulation of glycolysis; types of yeast

ATPases ? plasma membrane, vacuolar, mitochondrial; catabolite repression ?

hypothesis about its mechanism; energy reserves.

Killer system in yeast.

Pathogenic yeasts.

Industrial yeasts: Requirements for suitable properties, methods of improvement, use

of cell fusion methods and genetic engineering.

Last update: T_FUUK (24.05.2004)
 
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