Galactic and Extragalactic Astronomy II - NAST004
Title: Galaktická a extragalaktická astronomie II
Guaranteed by: Astronomical Institute of Charles University (32-AUUK)
Faculty: Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
Actual: from 2020
Semester: winter
E-Credits: 4
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:3/0, Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: Czech
Teaching methods: full-time
Teaching methods: full-time
Guarantor: doc. RNDr. Ladislav Šubr, Ph.D.
RNDr. Bruno Jungwiert, Ph.D.
Classification: Physics > Astronomy and Astrophysics
Comes under: Doporučené přednášky 1/2
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Annotation -
Last update: T_AUUK (30.03.2015)
Lecture is dedicated to basic theories of dynamics of stellar systems on the scales of galaxies and star clusters.
Course completion requirements -
Last update: prof. RNDr. David Vokrouhlický, DrSc. (10.06.2019)

Oral examination.

Literature -
Last update: T_AUUK (17.05.2012)

J. Binney, and S. Tremaine, Galactic Dynamics, Princeton Series in Astrophysics, Princeton Univ Press, New Jersey, 1987

G. Gilmore, I.R. King, and P.C. van der Kruit, The Milky Way of our Galaxy, University Science Books, Mill Valley, California, 1989eorém o homeoidu, třetí Newtonúv teorém.

J. Binney, and S. Tremaine, Galactic Dynamics, Princeton Series in Astrophysics, Princeton Univ Press, New Jersey, 1987

G. Gilmore, I.R. King, and P.C. van der Kruit, The Milky Way of our Galaxy, University Science Books, Mill Valley, California, 1989

Teaching methods - Czech
Last update: T_AUUK (31.03.2008)

Přednáška.
Requirements to the exam - Czech
Last update: doc. RNDr. Ladislav Šubr, Ph.D. (10.10.2017)

Zkouška má ústní formu (student dostává po zadání dvou otázek přibližně jednu hodinu na přípravu). Požadavky ke zkoušce odpovídají sylabu předmětu v rozsahu, který byl prezentován na přednášce.
Syllabus -
Last update: prof. RNDr. David Vokrouhlický, DrSc. (14.01.2019)
Structure and kinematics of galaxies

Classification and basic characteristics of galaxies; structural subsystems of galaxies; clusters of galaxies; galactic halo (stellar halo, dark matter halo). Motion of stars in galaxies; gravitational potential of galaxies; spiral arms and bars as symmetric gravitational potentials; effective potential, Lagrange points, Lindblad resonances, co-rotational resonance. Gas in galaxies - basic observational overview of molecular, atomic and ionized gas in galaxies; trajectories of gas clouds in the galactic potentials; transfer of the angular momentum. Milky way - structure and kinematics. Local group of galaxies. Hierarchical structure of clusters and super-clusters of galaxies. Cosmic strings and walls.

Dynamics and evolution of galaxies

Kinetic theory - distribution function; Boltzmann equation; velocity dispersion tensor; collisionless approximation; relaxational time. Fluid approximation - Jeans equations, Jeans theorems, tensor virial theorem. Dynamical equilibrium of galaxies. Gravitational instability in 2D abd 3D; Jeans criterion, Jeans mass, Jeans wave-length, Toomre’s criterion. Theory of spiral density waves. Kinematic vs. dynamical waves. Mutual interaction of galaxies; interaction of galaxies with an inter-galactic gas. Dark matter; radial acceleration in galaxies. Formation and evolution of stars and their influence on the evolution of galaxies; chemical evolution of galaxies; colour diagram of galaxies; main sequence of galaxies. Lambda-CDM model of evolution of galaxies. Numerical simulations. Cosmic web. Overview of observations of galaxies at different cosmological distances. Active galactic nuclei; co-evolution of galaxies and super-massive black holes.