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This introductory undergraduate course provides a survey of general, inorganic and physical chemistry, and their
applications to geological processes. It consists of three sections: (i) structure of atoms, molecules and matter, (ii) transformations of matter and energy in nature, and (iii) analysis of geological materials, determination of element concentrations and methods for investigating the structure of solid and liquid state. Last update: Špillar Václav, Mgr., Ph.D. (01.09.2017)
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McSween H. J. jr., Richardson S. M., Uhle M. (2003): Geochemistry. Pathways and processes. - Columbia University Press, New York, 363 s. Walther J. V. (2005): Essentials of geochemistry. - Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Sudbury, 704 s. Vacík J. (1986): Obecná chemie. - Státní Pedagogické Nakladatelství, Praha, 303 s. Faure G. (1998): Principles and applications of geochemistry. 2nd edition. - Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, 600 s. Silbey A., Alberty R. A., Bawendi M. G. (2005): Physical chemistry. 4th edition. - John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, 944 s. Last update: Špillar Václav, Mgr., Ph.D. (17.06.2019)
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Zápočet se uděluje za vypracování tří protokolů (min. 75 % z každého protokolu). Protokoly jsou zadávány během semestru a každý má stanovený termín odevzdání (4 týdny). Protokoly s hodnocením 50 % a nižším nebudou přijaty (student ztrací nárok na zápočet), při hodnocení 50-75 % má student možnost protokol přepracovat a doplnit.
Zkouška probíhá písemnou formou (180 minut) a obsahuje krátké teoretické otázky s volbou odpovědi (a) až (d), krátké početní příklady, a dále několik delších úloh (příklady, interpretace diagramů nebo teoretické otázky). Last update: Špillar Václav, Mgr., Ph.D. (01.09.2017)
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Structure and properties of matter (1) atom, nucleus and isotopes, electron shells, hybridization, valence orbitals; (2) chemical bond, definition and types of bonding, relations to physical and chemical properties of matter; (3) coordination of atoms, structure of solid and liquid phases, Pauling rules, introduction to crystal chemistry.
Properties, transformations and cycles of natural materials (1) units of measure, quantity calculus, concentration scales; (2) introduction to thermodynamics, thermodynamic laws, forms and transformations of energy; (3) phase diagrams and their applications to solid phases, melts and aqueous solutions; (4) chemical equilibrium, acid-base and oxidation-reduction reactions (5) kinetics of chemical reactions, properties of mineral surfaces and interfaces, crystal growth, absorption; (6) radioactive decay, global chemical fluxes and cycles; (7) organic geochemistry, biological precursors, alteration and degradation of organic matter, biomarkers.
Analysis of geological materials and their structure mass, titration and thermal analytical methods, mass spectrometry (2) types of radiation, interaction of radiation with matter, X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy; (3) spectroscopic methods (optical, absorption and emission methods; Raman, infrared, X-ray and Mössbauer spectroscopy; nuclear magnetic resonance.
Last update: Špillar Václav, Mgr., Ph.D. (01.09.2017)
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