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Course, academic year 2023/2024
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Physics I - MC260P34
Title: Fyzika I
Czech title: Fyzika I
Guaranteed by: Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry (31-260)
Faculty: Faculty of Science
Actual: from 2021
Semester: summer
E-Credits: 4
Examination process: summer s.:
Hours per week, examination: summer s.:2/2, C+Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: Czech
Explanation: Kód MFF FOE002
Note: enabled for web enrollment
Guarantor: doc. RNDr. Miroslav Cieslar, CSc.
Teacher(s): doc. RNDr. Miroslav Cieslar, CSc.
doc. RNDr. František Chmelík, CSc.
doc. Ing. Zuzana Limpouchová, CSc.
Is pre-requisite for: MC260C11, MC260P120, MC260P35N, MC260P35
Annotation -
Last update: ZUSKOVA (28.01.2003)
Basic principles of classical mechanics and their applications in particular systems: mechanics of point mass and the set of point masses, solid body mechanics. Newton's gravitation law, the movement in the Earth's field of gravity, continuum mechanics. Mechanics of liquids, vibrations and wave motion.

The course is scheduled for students of the Faculty of Sciences of Charles University.

Literature - Czech
Last update: prof. RNDr. Jan Kotek, Ph.D. (20.03.2018)

Stručné podklady k přednášce: http://sals.natur.cuni.cz/
Z. Horák, F. Krupka: Fyzika I. SNTL, Praha 1981.
A. Havránek, Mechanika I, II, skriptum UK MFF, Karolinum, Praha 1995.
J. Hofmann, M. Urbanová: Fyzika I, VŠCHT, Praha 1998.
A. Hlavička a kol.: Fyzika I pro pedagogické fakulty, SPN, Praha, 1971.
E. R. Jones, R. L. Childers: Contemporary College Physics, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1990.
M. Alonso, E. J. Finn: Fundamental University Physics, Volume I: Mechanics, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company 1967.

Requirements to the exam - Czech
Last update: doc. Ing. Zuzana Limpouchová, CSc. (12.02.2015)

Zápočet bude udělen za získání dostatečného počtu bodů. Body lze získat za správně vyřešené příklady v testech (dva testy během semestru a dva opravné testy během zkouškového období) nebo za řešení náročnějších příkladů během semestru. Podrobnější informace jsou uvedeny v systému Moodle.


Zkouška je pouze ústní. Nutnou podmínkou pro konaní zkoušky je udělení zápočtu. Při zkoušce jsou studentovi zadány dvě oblasti, které se shodují se sylabem přednášky. Na přípravu je 30 min. Vlastní zkouška trvá v průměru 30 min. Pro úspěšné zvládnutí zkoušky je třeba zodpovědět obě otázky a dokázat porozumění problému (excelentní zodpovězení jedné nevykompenzuje naprostou neznalost druhé otázky).

Syllabus -
Last update: ZUSKOVA (06.02.2003)

Introduction (2 hours)

Basics terms of physics. Motion, space and time in classical mechanics. Limits of validity of classical mechanics.

1. Mechanics of mass point (10 hours)

Kinematics of mass point: mass point, movement and trajectory of mass point, straight uniform and non-uniform motion, curvilinear motion, circular motion.

Dynamics of mass point: Newton's laws, addition and resolution of forces, inertial forces, forces acting by curvilinear motion, momentum, force impulse, work and energy, power.

2. Gravitational law (4 hours)

Newton's gravitational law, Gravity, motion in Earth gravity and gravitational field.

3. Vibrations (8 hours)

Un-damped vibrations, harmonic oscillator, energy of harmonic oscillator, mathematical and physical pendulum, damped and induced vibrations, superposition of vibrations.

4. Mechanics of mass point systems and rigid body (10 hours)

Description of mass point systems and rigid body.

Statics of rigid body: superposition of forces acting on rigid body, gravity centre, balance of rigid body.

Kinematics and dynamics of rigid body: translation and rotation motion, kinetic energy of rigid body, moment of inertia, moment of momentum, friction.

5. Continuum mechanics (10 hours)

Basic terms of continuum mechanics: deformation and stress, rate of deformation, balance and motion equations of continuum (outline).

Deformation of solids: generalised Hooke's law, plastic deformation, ultimate strength.

Fluid mechanics: hydrostatics, Archimedes and Pascal's laws, hydrodynamics, continuity equation, Bernoulli's equation, motion of viscous fluids, Poisseuille's and Stokes laws.

6. Wave mechanics (4 hours)

Propagational longitudinal and transversal waves, interference of waves, standing waves, reflection of waves, Huygens principle, Doppler's phenomenon, wave equation, wave speed.

7. Introduction to the Einstein's special theory of relativity (STR) (4 hours)

Postulates of STR, Lorentz transformation, kinematic consequences of Lorentz transformation: time dilatation, length contraction, transformation of velocity, relativistic momentum and energy.

Entry requirements - Czech
Last update: doc. RNDr. Miroslav Cieslar, CSc. (02.05.2022)

znalosti diferenciálního a integrálního počtu a úvodu do lineární algebry na úrovni kurzu Matematika pro chemiky I

Good knowledge of differential and integral calculus and introduction to linear algebra  (equivalent to course Mathematics for chemistry students I).

 
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