SubjectsSubjects(version: 996)
Course, academic year 2026/2027
   
Introduction to advanced biochemistry - MC250P02
Title: Úvod do pokročilé biochemie
Czech title: Úvod do pokročilé biochemie
Form of teaching: lecture+practicals
Guaranteed by: Department of Biochemistry (31-250)
Faculty: Faculty of Science
Actual: from 2024
Duration in semesters: 1
Semester: winter
E-Credits: 3
Examination process: winter s.:
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:2/1, C+Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Maximum number of enrolled students: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: Czech
Note: enabled for web enrollment
priority enrollment if the course is part of the study plan
Guarantor: prof. RNDr. Helena Ryšlavá, CSc.
Teacher(s): prof. RNDr. Jiří Hudeček, CSc.
Annotation -
The course aims to consolidate the biochemical knowledge of students to the extent that it allows for the smooth study of specialised and advanced biochemical lectures. Additionally, its seminar part is based on independent work with literature and Internet-based informational services, incl. AI. The students have to prepare short presentations on given themes.
Lectures and presentations - in Czech -
Last update: Hudeček Jiří, prof. RNDr., CSc. (29.09.2025)
Literature -

Nelson, DL, Cox, MM: Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 8th Ed. WH Freeman , N. York, 2021

Last update: Hudeček Jiří, prof. RNDr., CSc. (29.09.2025)
Course assessment methods and requirements for successful completion, grading scheme -

Credit: seminar presentation on the given theme, participation in seminars (80% or more).

Exam: in the written form. Response to questions, of the "miniessay" character. The answers are evaluated both according to the content (completness, absence of errors) and to the formal quality (logic of presentation).

Broader themes:
Living matter, its characteristics, compartmentation, trophic.
Biopolymer structure, basic concepts, hierarchy, comparison of structural types, relationships to biological function.
Proteins, structural types, stability and denaturation, physicochemical properties.
Enzymesy and biocatalysis, classification and nomenclature, inhibition, influece of external factors, analytics and diagnostics.
Metabolism, general principles, reversibility an dregulation, nutrients and their fate in organisms, bioenergetics, importance of oxygen, macroergic compounds.
Mitochondria and respiration, TCA, ATP formation, ROS.
SaCcharides and their metabolism, glycolysis, fermantation, polysaccharides.
Lipids amd their metabolism, structure. importance as energetic reserve.
Metabolism of nitrogen-containing compounds, amino acids, amines, ornithine cycle, detoxication of ammonia, purines and pyrimidines, heme.
Nukleic acids, transfer of genetic information, RNA, DNA types and structures, genetic code, replication, transcription, translation, posttranslational modifications.

Last update: Hudeček Jiří, prof. RNDr., CSc. (29.09.2025)
Syllabus -


Living matter: general characteristics of life, composition, trophic, cell, the importance of compartmentation, biological membranes.

Biopolymers: general principles of structure, the hierarchy of structures, comparison of individual types, physicochemical properties, biochemical functions, structure-activity relationships.

Proteins: structural types, primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures, stability and denaturation, physicochemical properties, composite proteins.

Peptides.

Enzymes and biocatalysis: catalysts, classification of enzymes, activity, its influence by external factors, inhibition, measurement of enzyme activity, use in analytics and diagnostics.

Metabolism: general patterns, reversibility and regulation, energy cycle in the biosphere, photosynthesis, metabolism of heterotrophic organisms and man - nutrients and their fate, integration of metabolic processes, the importance of oxygen, macroergic compounds, secondary metabolites.

Mitochondria and cellular respiration: citrate cycle, respiratory chain, ATP formation, reactive oxygen species, alternative ways of nutrient utilization.

Carbohydrates and their metabolism: carbohydrates as a source of energy in food, polysaccharides - cellulose, starch, glycogen, glycolysis, fermentation processes.

Lipids and their metabolism: lipid structure, the importance of fats as storage substances, degradation and biosynthesis. Nitrogen metabolism: amino acids, amines, urea cycle, purine and pyrimidine bases, haem.

Nucleic acids and transfer of genetic information: structure of RNA and DNA, genetic code, replication, transcription, translation, protein folding and chaperones, post-translational modification of proteins.

Last update: Hudeček Jiří, prof. RNDr., CSc. (23.10.2019)
Learning outcomes -

Students are able to write a short text (1-2 paragraphs) pertaining to a biochemical problem. The text has to be logically structured, concise and answering the presented questions. They are able to search and use the biochemical literature and to work with the AI instruments.

Last update: Hudeček Jiří, prof. RNDr., CSc. (28.12.2025)
The course does not include work placement
 
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